Audiology

The evaluations before the cochlear implant operation and its programming in children

Mehrnaz Karimi

The disastrous effects of Hearing loss on speech and language development can be minimized by early interventions. Profoundly deaf or hard of hearing children not benefitting enough from other kinds of hearing aids are referred for surgically implanted electronic cochlear implant that provides a sense of sound or comprehension of speech. Evaluation and management of pediatric patients is performed by cochlear implant team which consists of different specialists and doctors. Selecting children for the implant surgery is performed based on the certain criteria suggested by Staller et. al. in 1991. All the patients undergo comprehensive medical and Audiological evaluations before the surgery.In this article we will review different process of cochlear implant surgery and pre- surgery Audio logical evaluations in brief.

studying the language development in children with cochlear implant

Marjan Sabri leghaie

Cochlear implant surgery is aimed at making a comprehensive packet of information for the deaf by mixing the data acquired by implanted device and the communicational grammar. Although language production and ability of communication are not main factors in determining the candidacy for cochlear implant surgery, they play crucial role in determining cochlear implant success. we should study the communication skills much deeper than a simple perception and production of speech to have a reasonable evaluation of development of Auditory integration and grammatical language structure. Hence in the current article we will first discuss the grammatical structure in language and then have a look at the pragmatics , semantics and phonological aspects in children with cochlear implant in Virginia college in USA.

The society and the hearing aid

Ali Asghar Danesh

Many people around the world are in need for using hearing aid, a prothesis which is prescribed for compensating the hearing loss in hard of hearing patients.Although Hearing aid has crucial role in improving hearing skills in such patients, it has many psychological effects and Social premonitions for the users.we will discuss some of these distresses and the common approaches for resolving economical, cosmetic and the emotional and social problems relted to hearing aid will be discussed.

Auditory dysfunction and Dyslexia

Amad Reza Nazeri

We aimed at discussing some common auditory disorders in children with dyslexia. In such patients delayed reading, memory dysfunction, spatial and visual perception and hearing abnormalities are reported with various degrees.Investigations have not led to distinct findings about the etiology of the abnormality. We will discuss this abnormality with an audiological point of view.

Measurement of intracranial pressure through ear canal

Farzad Mobedshahi

Transmission of intracranial pressure (ICP) to the perilymph is performed through cochlear aqueduct and also by other ways. Indirect measurement of perilymphatic pressure may be investigated by observing tympanic membrane (TM) displacement during stapedial reflex contraction, the tympanic membrane displacement (TMD) measurements. This non-invasive technique of examining intracranial pressure (ICP) can be effective in patients suffering abnormal cerebral pathology that could lead in Changes in ICP. It would also be effective in regular monitoring of hydrocephalus patients. This study has a look on this technique which has been reported to provide a reliable, non-invasive measure of ICP.

The application of rotatory chair for evaluating some vestibular pathology

Laya Postforoush Bataghva

Adaptability of the vestibular system to repetition of the movements of rotatory chair is one of the disadvantages of this experiment. Besides the procedure is disturbing and cause intense reactions in high acceleration. By the way, advantages such as big deal of information provided about the function of peripheral and central vestibular system prevent us ignoring this special test. In this article the procedure is explained and its application in distinguishing different pathologies of vestibular system is discussed in brief.

Tactile Aids

Mohtaramossadat Homayuni

Tactile aids, which translate sound waves into vibrations that can be felt by the skin, have been used for decades by people with severe/profound hearing loss to enhance speech/language development and improve speechreading.The development of tactile aids dates from the efforts of Goults and his co-workers in the 1920s Although The power supply was too voluminous and it was difficult to carry specially by children, it was too huge and heavy to be carried outside the laboratories and its application was restricted to the experimental usage. Nowadays great advances have been performed in producing this instrument and its numerous models is available in markets around the world.

Industrial noise

Mehran zolfaghari

Various risk factors in industrial environments can affect hearing status and healthy in today’s modern society. Noise control and hearing conservation program is very crucial in preventing workers exposed to high levels of noise in the work places.In the current article we are going to discuss issues such as industrial noise control, noise characteristics and standards and techniques for noise control. Then the methods for individual hearing conservation and medical care will be described in details.

Designing and producing an ABR instrument in Iran

seyed Kamaledin Setareh dan

Since common audiometric evaluations are performed by subjective tests in which patient&aposs cooperation is required, the importance of systems which are made to obtain auditory evoked potentials in infants, young children and difficult-to- test patients can be accentuated. This article firstly refers to the theory of the mechanism and function used in designing the auditory evoked potentials systems and then the procedure of planning and producing this instrument is explained.

study the age of hearing loss diagnosis and the related factors in a group of school-age children in Baghch-e-ban school of hard of hearing

Mahnaz Ahmadi

Estimation of the age of hearing loss diagnosis in every society is recommended to be compared with standard criteria to establish common dirth in management and rehabilitation. This study was conducted in order to determine the age of hearing loss diagnosis with respect to common criteria in Baghche-Ban school of hard of hearing children in Tehran.Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 445 children in stages 2, 6 and 10 of Baghche-Ban school of hard of hearing participated. the research was performed by means of the three-stages questionaires that children filled with help of their parents.Results: The mean age of detection of hearing loss in both acquired and congenital hearing loss in children was 3.5 year-old. while the age in which hearing loss was doubted was 1.8 year-old. In another word the mean age of hearing loss detection decreased as the hearing loss increases(in moderate- profound hearing loss)(P<0.01).Conclusion: among the refrence sources for refering children with hearing loss the least refering was related to physicians. Adversly the mean age of doubting and detection of hearing loss increased in children with family history of hearing loss.(P<0.01). Meanwhile no relationship was detected between the age of diagnosis of hearing loss and the number of deaf members in the family(P<0.02).