We measured the noise caused by Vehicles and its subjective effects in the Modarres high way In Tehran. we examined 143 cases in 11 stations in the mentioned pathway with an accuracy of 95%  and a standard deviation of 39%. The noise criteria of Leq and the number of vehicles were determined in dBA. The loudness contours were also measured in some stations to determine the subjective impacts of noise. Then the correlation of the responses of the interviewees with sound pressure level was measured. Based on our findings, decrease of  the noise of traffic sources should be considered three levels: the first level is noise reduction at the level of source, e.g. the vehiclesthe second is Noise reduction at the traffic level and the third is noise reduction at the level of general activity.

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In this study, we tried to put forward some formulas for interpreting Alternate Binaural Loudness Balance (ABLB) test results by using characteristics of ABLB graphs. Last step of loudness balancing (in dB HL) and thresholds of both ears are considered as formulas variables. The procedure includes: At first, resulting values are put in a formula to obtain type of graph slope. If the slope represents different recruitment (complete, partial or hyper recruitment), the second formula (last test step value ratio) will be used to determine recruitment types. It should be mentioned that in determining exact ABLB test results, ± 10 dB variability must be considered as a test error. As a result, mentioned formulas have not been an exception and this error factor was included in computing them. In next step, we tried to reduce test time which may be considered as a dilemma for test by using this method. Therefore, the test includes only the last step of loudness balancing and the mentioned formulas are used to obtain the test results. At last, the results of this method were compared to the graph procedure for determining their effectiveness.

We expect some people benefit more from their hearing aids, but after a while they complain of inappropriate loudness growth.  Currently fitting hearing aids based on their loudness growth curves one of the best and most acceptable ways of fitting hearing aids we should study this curve based on the disturbed function of inner and outer hair cells. We should also know that based on which curves can make the growth curve of the damaged cells to normal ones.

Method & Material: This study examined the speech in noise test in 60 school age children with otitis media with effusion and 30 school age children with normal hearing in +5, 0 and -5 dB signal to noise ratio. The mean of age was 8.05 in study group and 8.25 in control group. Speech in noise test were performed for study group and control group in quiet an in noise. Speech noise presented ipsilaterally in both groups.Finding: The correlation of mean of SDS in +5, 0 and -5 dB signal to noise ratio between study group and control group, is significant.

Background and Aim: Tinnitus represents the perception of sound without an external stimulus. The prevalence of tinnitus ranges from 3% to 30%. In most cases its etiology is unknown. Tinnitus can be classified as pulsatile or nonpulsatile. Nonpulsatile form is the most common form and almost exclusively subjective in nature.  There is a range of condition attributed to nonpulsatile high frequency tinnitus (acoustic neuroma,  Meniere&aposs disease, ototoxic agents, noise exposure...). There are many studies about form, site, loudness, and frequency of tinnitus and how it can affect the quality of patient life.
Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and analytic study. Thirty-six patients (23 men and 13 women) with mean age 53.1 year old with subjective tinnitus evaluated in pezhvak audiometric clinic in Mashhad .The data consisting of age sex, loudness, frequency form and site of tinnitus. Evaluation of affects of tinnitus on the quality of life and habits was performed with a tinnitus questionnaire (TQ).
Results: Tinnitus was unilateral in 64% of cases right site was more common. Mean  pitch was 7.03 kHz and average loudness was 3.8 dB SPL. SDS was in normal range in all of patients. There was a high frequency sensory neural hearing loss (above the 4 kHz) in most of the patients. The greatest score (60.3%) of TQ related to intrusiveness aspect. Sleep disorder has the lowest score (39/3%). Global score was 52.4%.
Conclusion: Nonpulsatile subjective tinnitus has a broad range of etiology with unknown mechanism in most cases and without any history of underlying disease in a large group of patients. This symptom mostly involves the patients` lifestyle that is intrusiveness aspect in comparison with the other aspects including sleep, hearing and somatic complaints. There is no cure for most patient and more studies are needed in the future.