fa ساخت و ارزشیابی آزمون بازشناسی گفتار همراه با پاسخ بسته جهت کودکان 4 تا 6 ساله فارسی زبان پژوهشي Research بررسی حاضر با هدف ساخت و ارزشیابی فهرست های 25 واژه ای تک هجایی متوازن واجی همراه پاسخ بسته جهت آزمون بازشناسی گفتار کودکان 4 تا 6 ساله فارسی زبان در دو مرحله انجام شده است. مرحله نخست ساخت آزمون و مرحله دوم ارزشیابی آن است. در مرحله اول جهت طراحی آزمون معیارهای واتسن (1957) مد نظر قرار گرفت و چهار فهرست 25 واژه ای از واژه های تک هجایی ساخته شد. این فهرست ها از نظر واجی متوازن و دارای پاسخ سه گزینه ای به شکل تصویر بودند و در یکی از استودیوهای سیمای جمهوری اسلامی ایران روی نوار مغناطیسی ضبط شدند. در مرحله ارزشیابی، آزمون روی 33 کودک طبیعی که به طور تصادفی از مهد کودک های شهر تهران انتخاب شده بودند، اجرا گردید. براساس نتایج بدست آمده، آزمون ساخته شده در این مطالعه پایا و از نظر توازن واجی و همسانی فهرست ها به لحاظ دشواری معنای واژه ها معتبر است. اعتبار این آزمون از نظر آشنا بودن واژه ها به دلیل رعایت توازن واجی، عدم دسترسی به گنجینه واژه های حقیقی کودکان 4 تا 6 ساله، لزوم تصویر پذیری واژه ها و وجود دو واژه تصویر پذیر مشابه دیگر در واژگان این کودکان اندکی کاهش نشان می دهد. برای رفع این مشکل از شیوه نشان دادن تصاویر به کودک پیش از شروع آزمون استفاده می شود.</p></span> <p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify" dir="ltr"><strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: This study was performed in two parts: included development and standardization of the test and the second part was the evaluation stage. In the first section, Watson&aposs crieria fpr valid speech recognition tests for children was considered. In order to balance the lists phonemically, it was necessary to determine Persian phonemes&apos frequency -of- occurences. Thus, the frequency -of- occurences for 29 phonemes of Persian language in children&aposs and adults&apos speech were separately determined. There were significant differences between some phonemes&apos frequencies in the two samples. So&apos their frequencies in children&aposs speech was used to design the test. It should be mentioned that each list could contains only 25 vowels, while almost 32 ones were meeded according to the phonemically balancing procedure. Therefore, vowels and consonants were separately balanced. The required monosyllabic words were extracted from the books written for 4 to 6 years old children. Finally, four closed set (3- picture matrix) 25 word lists were prepared. The lists were recorded on magnetic cassette in one of the IRIB studios.To assess the test validity and reliabity, 33 normal hearing children were randomly selected from kindergartens over the city of Tehranand were tested at the Audiology Clinic of the Rehabilitation Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 1998. The tests included: otoscopy, pure tone & immittance audiometry, establishing speech reception threshold, and speech recognition test - retest by these lists.<br>Findings: 1- Normal hearing children obtained 92-100 percent scores for each list at their most comfortable loudness levels through test - retest.<br>2- No significant difference was observed in test - retest scores in each list (p>0.05).<br>3-No significant difference obtained between the lists test or retest scores (p>0.O5).<br>4-No significant difference was observed between children&aposs scores in terms of their age and gender (p>O.OS)<br><strong>Conclusion</strong>: this study, therefore, is reliable and valid. The lists are phonemically balanced and equal in difficulty. Due to the conditions under which the test was designed (including, phonemic balance, necessity of using the words that could be pictured and of the presence of tow other word in children&aposs vocabulary which is similar in auditory aspects), only the content validity for word familiarity decreased a little that could be overcome by introducing them through pictures prior to the start of the test.</p> مجموعه بسته آزمون بازشناسی گفتار،کودکان فارسی زبان،ادیومتری صوت خالص،ادیومتری ایمیتانس Close-set Speech Recognotion Test,Persian Speaking Children,pure tone audiometry,immittance audiometry 14 19 http://aud.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-240&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mansoure Adelghahraman منصوره عادل قهرمان Yes Dr. Yahya Modaresi دکتر یحیی مدرسی No Mahin Sedaei مهین صدایی No Dr. Gholamreza Babei دکتر غلامرضا بابایی No