Journal of Hayat

The Survey of Educational Facilities and Present The Kinds of Program Staff development of Nursing Office in Hospital of Medical Science in Tehran , IRAN in 1997

H Emamzadeh Ghasemi

This is a quasi-Experimental research, which carried out inorder to determine the effect of applying executive in - service education model on quality of nursing care. For this purpose /email's general surgery unit in Bagiatalah hospital was selected (randomaizly) in order to case unit, and then in Najmieh hospital a unit control wasselected with same characteristic 0/the case unit. 30 sample 0f patients were selected/or quality control in each unit(inafterandbeforeintervention).Datagatheredwithducomentation checklist, patient assesment checklist, educational needs questionnaire and nursing practice evaluation checklist.The planning of educational performed based on quality of nursing care and educational needs assesment of nurses in case unit. Then researcherwithheadnurse applied planned educational model for one month and then the headnurse continued it for two more months in case unit. In this model headnurs lead nurses during executive educational model. After applied this educational model and quality control of nursing care in each unit, finding showed that significant quality care increased in case unit (20%), also it showed significant increased 250%. In quality of patient education (The scale of quality nursing care) incare unit rather than other. In this way hypotesis of research is confirmed (P=0/002) that executive in - service education model can increase quality of nursing care.

Study of Complication During Pregnancy and Delivery Over -Weight Mothers In Tehran Maternity Hospital

B Khodakarami

This study is a cross -sectional descriptive analysis research, that hasbeen carried out in orerto studdy complications during pregnancy and delivery in over -weigt mothers in : Tehran Maternity or over had come for delivery ,They were studdiedd simultaneously . The -devices usedd in this research are Questioner, Checking the mothers and babies documents and teir biographies ,delivery observation and to measure The mothhers andbabiesweights. The results indicated that some of the complication such as Cesarian}breechpresentation ,Macrosome baby ,preeclampisia ,Hypertension in mithers (B.P. 140/90)ANDedamarelatedd to the mothers over weight. The ither complications such as "Toolong stages of delivery or, premature labour ,postate and adamage to the delivery chhanel "were observed more commonly in over weight group.

Nurse's Role in fluid therapy

Shiva.S Bassampour

Nurses must know about effect and indication ofl.V-Fluid Therapy. Priciples of WMuid therapy consist of:Appropriate solutions and the rate of administration of fluid, types of parenteral solutions and the factors that indicate whether a solution is appropriate or not, definition of smolarity andm smolality and how to use the standard formula. Knowing a pateint's body fluid concentration , or fluid status, is one way to determine how I.Vsolutions will infuse in specific situations. Cellularmembrance are permeable, water will shift into a compartment with a higher concentration or osmolality. The appropriate rate to infuse a solution depends on severalfactors, including the paitent's condition and type of solution. Other specific considerations ofpatients include: weight, urinary output, laboratory values, kidney Junction, length of illness, and assessment of skin turgor.

Investigation into the Incidence of Bacterial Infections in the Respiratory System of Infants Under Mechanical Ventilation at One of the Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences

R Karimi

The present is a descriptive study aimed at an investigtion into the incidence of bacterial infections in the respiratory system of infans under mechanical ventilation. Use of this instrument is inevitable in cases of respiratory failure or delay, and the air passage should be kept clean by means of a trachea suction thus the problem of pulmonary infection due to handling and entering of particles from the environment to the lungs may not be ignored. In this research, 756 culture samples were prepared from 27 subject infant (one day to 12 months old), in four stages from the onset of setting the tube in the trachea, in a period of 24 hours at senen locations for suction on the patient, including pulmonary secretions, oral secretions, the suction agent's hands, the suction catheter, the adhesive tape used for fixing the trachea tube, normal saline solution and connection between the catheter and the suction tube. Out of 27 infants, ten of them (37%) stayed alive until the end of 72 hours, and 17 of them (63%) passed away, the death of Jive (29%) of whom was inevitable in view of the illness diagnosis but 12 (70%) of them were those whom the mechanical ventiltor could have prevented from dying.The research findings report the results of cultures of samples from infants who stayed alive until each of the foursome stages and which were, respec tively,27,25, 22 and 10 in number, as follow:The result of culturing pulmonary secretions of the infants in foursome stages respectively reported contaminations of 27%, 52%, 77.3% and 100%.A comprehensive investigation shows that in more that 50% of cases, these tools may transfer microorganisms to the patient and such death and 100% contamination of pulmonary and oral secretions of the patient at the fourth stage of sampling are justified. The various types of microorganisms observed during this research.Which Could be harmful, when there microorganisms enter into the resperatory tract of patiento.

Assessment of Knowledge , Attitude, Practice in group of poople between the age of (5-44) about Decayed, Missed- Filled- Teeth in zangan state, Iran, 1370

F YOSEFI

This research is a descriptive study. The purpose of conducting this survey was to estimate the prevalence of dental carvies by calculating the mean of Decay- Missing • Filling Teeth (D. M. F.) and (d.mf.) indices for about and children in the province ofzanjan in 1990.Independent variable was age and dependent were Decayed - Missed and Filled teeth.The total population of 300 were studied and chosen as sample size and consist/69 females and 131 males of those 200 people were chosen from urban (Zanjan) and 100 from rural (Dizeg-Abad).The results of this study shows thefolowing indications.1. At age 5-6 years old 100% were carries free in permanent teeth. While at age / 2 only 5% in urban and 6.5% in rural were carvies free.2. The mean of D.M.F at age 12, 15 and 35-44 were seen between urban and rural but it was significant by applied T.Test.Besides D.M.F. the investigator also tried togather some deta in some aspects of "knowledge", "Attitude" and "Practice", (KA.P) in regards of population oral health, by using multiple questionnaire.The analysis of deta indicates the following findings*3. Around 40% of the arban population who wereinterviewed indicated that they brush theirteeth daily (once a day), 50% after each and 7% occasionally.And around 28% of rural popution answered that they had the habit for daily beashing, and 20% after each meal and 46% occasion' ally.The X2 test were performed between these two categorize and the result was highly significant.

The Study of Prevalence of Low Birth Weight Newborns in Hamadan's Meternity Hospitals During The First 9 Months of 1974

H Riazi

The study of Prevalence of Low Birth Weight newborns in Hamadan's Maternity hospitals during the first 9 months in 1374.The purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of low birth weight infants in Hamadan. For this reason the whole births during the first 9 months in year 1374 in Hamadan's maternity hospitals was studied and each of LEW infant was Considered as a "Case". Inspite of each LBW, two babies with normal weight was selected as Control group. The total number of records which were studied were 9145. Results showed that the prevalence of LBW is 10.8% . The statistical tests indicates that there is association between the newborn's weight and the type of pregnancy (Singleton or multiple), mother's age, gravidity and maternal disease.(P<0.0001). No relationship was found between the newborn's sex and his or her weight at birth.

Sleep as an Indicator For Pain Relief in an Infant : Acase Study

Z DANESHVAR

Sleep is not often used to indicate Pain Relief in infants.If Infants and childeren "s sleep Patterns are Distured by Painful Procedures they dont experience Restful sleep . Further more if Pain and lack of sleep are Continuous, other more global! Functional beheriors Such as Sociability and Consolability may be affected because lack of and disturbed sleep were Cues of infant Pain.There fore if rest Ful sleep is increased, Pain is decreased. Similar Study in adults were observed that who received Patient Controlled analgesia had less nocturnal awakehing and less interference with spontaneous move ment such as moving and walking secandory to build and repair tissue.Several abutt studise Provide evidence of tissue remeval a ssocited with release of the growth hormone during deep sleep and %70 of the total Secretion of this hormone occurs during sleep .in this Case Study infant 's increased sleep was used as an indicator of Pain relief for an 8-month old female infant with respiratory Failure Secondary to Sepsis. A sleep activity record documented total hours of sleep and longest hours of Sleep after nonana Igesic and analgesic interventions to mediate the infant 's Pain, sleep appeare to be a useful indicator of the afficacy of pain treat ment for infants.