Journal of Hayat

Evaluation of Clinical Skills of Nurses in Coronary care units of affiliated hospitals of Tehran University of MedicalSciences and Health services

Z Parsa Yekta

This study is a descriptive -analytical research which is designed to evaluate clinical skills of Nurses in coronary care units in affiliated hospitals of Tehran medical sciences University.The specific objectives of this research are as follows: Determining clinical skills of nurses in coronary care unit in the fields of patient assessment, intrepretation of Electrocardiogram, and ABG test administration, Iv therapy, educating the clients , caring the patients under cardiac catheterization and resuscitation ofcardio-pulmonary disorders. The population involved 50 nurses who were working in the coronary care units. The sample and population were the same. The researcher collected the data during a period of 3 months and observed the subjects minimum two full working shifts.The results indicated that nursing skills of the majority of the subjects towards the patientassessment was at weak level, one half of them had high level skill ofEKG interpretation(+90%), Meanwhile 2/3 of the subjects (68%) had a very weak skill (0-20%) in the field of ABGtest interpretation. One half of them had a medium skill for administration ofthe IV drugtherapy and all of them were at very weak levelforpatienteducation skills. More than one halfof these nurses had a good skill about nursing care of the patients under cardiaccatheterization. Finally, the last objective (Cardiac resuscitation skill) was not analysed due to afew cases.

The Survey of educational facilities and present the kinds of program staff development of Nursing staff in hospitals of University of Medical sciences & health services in Tehran

Z Monjamed

This study is a descriptive research in order to determine educational facilities and present the kinds of program staff development of nursing officeinhospitalsofuniversity of medical sciences and health services in Tehran, IRAN. The purpose of this research was determinated of the educational space (clossroom, library, Lecture and conference room), educational equipment, educational staff patterns, kinds of nursing staff development program and comparing between educational facilities and present the kinds of nursing development program of nursing office in three medical science university in Tehran. The units that participated in this research was 41 educational facilities and kinds of nursing staff development program of nursing office in three medical science university in Tehran (Tehran, Iran and shahid Beheshti) and no samphing was made. The tools was check list and Questionnarie. Each variable compared with educational standards of hospitals. (Standard 1100% excellent, desire was above 75% and undesired was under 75% and each 100 active bed haveing one educational supervisor).The finding indicated that scale confirmity with standard about educational space in three university was 50% (undesirable) and about educational equipment was 56% (undesirable) and about educational staffing pattern was 79% (desirable) and present kinds of nursing staff development was 56.5% (undesirable). The finding indicated that university medical of science Iran 66.5%, Shahid Beheshti 59.76% and Tehran 55.3% Scale confirmity with stundards have prossess.

Comparison between the influence of Syntocinoo and Metergine on the Postpartum hemorrhage and the sideeffect of Metergine

F Ramezanzadeh

The objectives of this research are determine the difference in the effect of "Syntocinon" and "Syntocinon and Methergine" on postpartum blood loss as well as the side effects arising from administration of methergine.The number of subjects, under study was 108. The subjects were divided into two grups of 54. All subjects received an intramuscular injection of 10 units of Syntocinon after delivery of baby, while one group received, in addition, an intramuscular injection of 0.2 mg. of Methergine, after delivery of placenta. Then the amount of hemorrhage within 24 hours after delivery, determined by Higham's pictorial chart, the postpartum hemorrhage (P.P.H.) determined visually and experimentally, the difference of hemoglobin and hematocrit measured before and 24 hours after delivery, in two groups were compared. The statistical tests showd no significant difference between any of the particulars of the subjects in the two groups.As shown by the results, that the average hemorrhage in "Syntocinon" group was 145.56 ml. Meanwhile, there were three cases of postpartum hemorrhage (5.6%) in this group. The average hemorrhage in "Syntocinon and Methergine "group was 130 ml. wih two cases of postpartum hemorrhage (3.7%). The statistical tests showed no significant difference between average hemorrhage and cases of postpartum hemorrhage (p = 0.5, df=l) in both groups. These findings were objectively confirmed by the comparison between hemoglobin and hematocrit before and 24 hours after delivery in both groups, suggesting no significant difference between the two groups as regards, pre-and post delivery hemoglobin and hematocrit differences.The findings also suggest that there is no significant difference between the groups as regards the incidence of nausea, vomiting, chest pain, dyspnea, headache, mild and severe after-birth pains, backache, Systolic blood pressure of 140 (mmHg) and higher as well as diastolic blood pressure of 90 (mmHg) and higher. However, There have always been significant differences between the average systolic and diastolic blood pressures as measured 6,15,30 and 45 minutes as well 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after delivery of placenta, as compared to pre delivery ones (p<0.05).

A Study on the smoking habit male students at Semnan University of Medical Sciences and health Services

A.A Nazari

Smoking is one of the social - economic problems of the world. Looking through mass producton of cigarettes, and frequency advertising, the ratio of smokers are going higher during past years. Also studying on causes of smoking and how to prevent people from smoking, some countries have been successful in reducing thier smokers up to 50% . In this study, the main goal was How many medical boy students are involved smoking at Semnan University of Medical Sciences and health services. Statistic group were 320 medical - boy students, they were asking by questionnaires, which had 24 questions .The analytic Ratio showed that 14.4% of students were smoking as a habit, 67.4% were using as a fun and 7.2% were used one or two single cigarettes every other day . Also, 45.7% of the subjects have smoked at least once during their life time.More than 90% of these boys were around 23 years of age and 43.5% started their smoking, when they began to study in college. So this subject will prove the important factors of preventive measure and risk factors on that society.

The Survey of educational needs of Nurses for non-phormacological methods of hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Z Monjamed

To study and determine the educational needs of nurses after graduation in order to make them further capable, aims at promotion of their occupational standards and betterment of this profession. By means of this study we can identify their needs and make necessary planning to reduce the resultant shortcommings and problems. The present research is a descriptive and analytical study conducted to survey the educational needs of nurses regarding non-pharmacological methods of controlling chronic pans in patients at medical surgical wards of the hospitals of Tehran University Medical of Sciences. A total of 119 nurses working at one of these wards participated in this research. The tool for gathering the information was a three-part questionnaire. The first part deal with individual particulars, the second part was about questions regarding the feeling needs of nurses an the third part was about questions regarding the educational needs of nurses. The findings showed: As for the feeling needs, nurses needed training , as for the level of educational needs regarding the concept of pain (69.7%), characteristics of chronic pains (52.9%), guided imagery method (50.4%) of nurses were in need of a high level of training and regarding the progressive muscle relaxation (68.9%) of nurses were in need of a medium level of training. The results revealed the connection between some individual particulars with the level of educational need, to the extent the age, clinical work experience, work experience in medical and surgical ward and the type of ward affected the level of educational need, and by using the Pearson Coefficient a meaningful statistical difference appeared, in other words, as the years of service increases , the level of knowledge decrease and the educational needs rise up.

Problem- Based Learning in Medical Education (P.B.L)

R Memarian

Considering the improvment of technology and development in medical and basic medical science. Continuation of learning in community are necessary. The method is to create a cooperative learning environment for students. Students support in exprience, past information about subject reaction and holistic theory and practice helping notice, problem based learning bridge between theory and practice step intervention strategies P.B.L. which include eight steps: helping problem definition, Data collection, problem formulation, intervention, Assessment of learning needs, independent study, Reporting back review of in dependent study, in this paper, this method was investigated with some examples . Using this method in education of science , particularly medical science will improve the translation of science in education and producing science in research.

Pain relief by the means of hypnotism

H Riazi

In the majority of cases, making the exact diagnosis and finding the main organic cause of pain is difficult, although the pain being present and causes some anxiety and fear in human life. Though pain relief and pain control have caused many pain clinics to he established in worldwide, hypnosis therapy could be presented as well as the other means, as a new and effective way to control pain. On the other hand, it is a noninvasive method. Hypnotism is the science of affecting on perceptions and behaviors of human by the means of hypnotical trance and instructions.Hypnotical trance is the situation of profound relaxation. 80-90% of the people could be hypnotized in different levels of light, moderate, and profound hypnosis. Hynotism has a variety of uses, one of which is to relief pain. In this way it has been used effectively in painful conditions such as: labour and delivery, surgical operations, dentisty, burns, migrain headaches, neck and back pains, joint pains or Chronic pain like that in cancers with a special concern to autohypnotism. It should be noted that in painful conditions without a diagnosis , hypnotism must never he used to relief pain.