fa اثر هشت هفته تمرین مقاومتی در شرایط هایپوکسی بر شاخصهای متابولیکی و نوسازی بافت عضلانی در موشهای نر ویستار مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> میوپاتی دیابتیک یکی از مشکلات عمده در افراد دیابتی نوع دو است. دو پروتئین‌های </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PAX7</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PGC-1&alpha;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> از جمله پروتئین‌های مؤثر در نوسازی و متابولیسم کربوهیدرات‌ها در عضلات اسکلتی هستند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر <a name="_Hlk45649531">بررسی اثر 8 هفته تمرین ‌مقاومتی در شرایط هایپوکسی برمحتوای پروتئین‌های </a></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PAX 7</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PGC-1&alpha;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> در عضله نعلی رت‌های دیابتی نوع دو بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش‌ها: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در این تحقیق 40 سر رت نر ویستار 10هفته‌ای پس از القا دیابت نوع دو، به پنج گروه کنترل سالم(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HC</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)، کنترل‌ دیابتی(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">DC</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)، تمرین مقاومتی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">RT</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)، تمرین مقاومتی در هایپوکسی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">RT-HPX</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) و گروه هایپوکسی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">HPX</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) تقسیم شدند. تمرین‌های مقاومتی به‌مدت 8 هفته، 5 جلسه در هفته، در گروه‌های تمرین مقاومتی و تمرین مقاومتی در هایپوکسی انجام شد. پس از اتمام تمرین‌ها، نمونه‌ی بافت از عضله‌ی نعلی انجام و جهت اندازه‌گیری غلظت پروتئین‌های </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PAX 7</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PGC-1&alpha;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نتایج نشان داد، بین گروه‌های تحقیق در هر دو پروتئین‌های </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PAX7</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PGC-1&alpha;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تفاوت معنی‌داری (0001/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) وجود دارد. القای دیابت منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PAX7</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> شد اما گروه تمرین مقاومتی در هایپوکسی تفاوت معنی‌داری با گروه کنترل سالم نداشت (451/0 </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P=</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">). مقادیر پروتئین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PGC1-&alpha;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> نیز<b> </b>در گروه القای دیابت کاهش معنی‌داری را در مقایسه با گروه کنترل داشت (01/0 </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P=</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)، اما تمرین در هایپوکسی مقادیر آن را به بیشتر از گروه کنترل سالم افزایش داد (0001/0 </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">P=</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> می‌توان به تمرینات مقاومتی و قرار گرفتن در معرض هایپوکسی موقت و غیرفعال نیز به‌عنوان یک راهکار پیشنهادی در بهبود شاخص‌های مرتبط به بیماری دیابت نوع دو در انسان توجه کرد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Background</span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">: Diabetic myopathy is one of the major problems in people with type2 diabetes that knowing its mechanisms can be helpful in controlling and preventing this disease. PAX7 and PGC-1&alpha; are two proteins involved in the renewal and metabolism of carbohydrates in skeletal muscle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8weeks of resistance training under hypoxia on the content of PAX7 and PGC-1&alpha; proteins in the horseshoe muscle of type 2 diabetic rats.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Methods: </span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">In this study, 40 male Wistar rats, 10weeks after induction of type2 diabetes, were divided into five groups: healthy control (HC), diabetic control (DC), resistance training (RT), and resistance training in hypoxia (RT-HPX) and hypoxia group (HPX) were divided. Resistance exercises were performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, in the groups of resistance training and resistance training in hypoxia. The intensity of the exercises started from 30% of the weight of the rats initial and reached 100% of their weight until the end of the training. </span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">R</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">esistance training in hypoxia. Hypoxia tent with14.4%oxygen was used to create hypoxia. 48hours after training, tissue samples were taken from horseshoe muscle and evaluated to measure the concentration of PAX7 and PGC-1&alpha; proteins.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Results</span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">:</span></span> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">The results showed that there is a significant difference (P=0.0001) between the research groups in both PAX7 and PGC-1&alpha; proteins. Induction of diabetes led to a significant decrease in PAX7, but the hypoxia resistance training group was not significantly different from the healthy control group (P=0.451). PGC1-&alpha; protein levels were also significantly decreased in the diabetes induction group compared to the control group (P=0.01), but training in hypoxia increased its levels to more than the healthy control group (P=0.0001).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Conclusion</span></span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">: Hypoxia, resistance training and combination of resistance training in hypoxia increased the amounts of PAX7 and PGC-1&alpha; proteins. Therefore, resistance training and temporary and inactive hypoxia exposure can be considered as a suggested solution to improve the indicators related to type2 diabetes in humans.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span> تمرین مقاومتی, دیابت نوع دو, هایپوکسی, PAX7 ,PGC-1α Resistance training, type 2 diabetes, hypoxia, PAX7, PGC-1α 155 164 http://ijdld.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1758-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Farshad Sadeghi فرشاد صادقی 0000-0001-8802-5162 No Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران Yaser Kazemzadeh یاسر کاظم زاده yaser.kazemzadeh@yahoo.com 0000-0001-7623-7352 Yes Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران Abdolali Banaei far عبدالعلی بنایی فر 0000-0002-4193-7591 No Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران