fa نه به تبعیضات ناشی از سن در سالمندان: مقاله‌ای مروری یازدهمین کنگره اخلاق در سلامت - پوستر Health Ethics Congress (11th) - Poster Presentation پوستر Poster <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:yekanYW;"><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">اصطلاح تبعیض ناشی از سن</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">با وجود اینکه در قرن</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ها</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ی متمادی</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">، کشورها، زمینه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ها و فرهنگ</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ها</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ی گوناگون</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">وجود داشته، همچنان اصطلاح</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">نسبتاً جدید </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">است </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">و هنوز در هر فرهنگی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">وجود ندارد. سن‌گرایی شامل کلیشه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ها‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black"> (چگونه فکر می</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">کنیم)، تعصب (چگونه احساس می</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">کنیم) و تبعیض (چگونه عمل می</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">کنیم) نسبت به مردم بر اساس سن آن</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ها</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ست</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">. هدف </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">از </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مطالعه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">بررسی مفهوم سن‌گرایی (تبعیض ناشی از سن) سالمندان در متون علمی </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">بود</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">.</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">هدف </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">&nbsp;مطالعه مروری</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">حاضر</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">بررسی متون</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black"> جهت شناخت</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مفهوم</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">پدیده</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">سن</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">گرایی (Ageism) در سالمندان بود. </span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black">بدین</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">منظور، از طریق جست</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌و</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">جو در پایگاه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">های داده</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی </span></span><span style="color:black">PubMed</span> <span style="color:black">Scopus,</span> <span style="color:black">Web of Sciences,</span> <span style="color:black">Embase,</span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی</span></span> <span style="color:black">Ageism, Older, Elder, Aging, Discrimination</span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مقالات منتشرشده در بازه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">زمانی 10 </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ساله </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">(</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">2014</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">تا</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">2024</span></span>) <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">بررسی </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">شدند</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">. </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">در </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مرحله</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">اول</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black"> 18945 خلاصه مقاله</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">انگلیسی بازیابی شدند. </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">دو محقق، </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مقالات </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">را </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">در دو مرحله بررسی </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">کر</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">دند. </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">با</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">بررسی اولیه</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">عنوان و چکیده</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مقالات، 77 مقاله</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">مرتبط با موضوع انتخاب شدند. در مرحله</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">دوم</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">پس از بررسی تمام متن مقالات</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black"> 34 مقاله</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">انگلیسی ب</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ه </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">دست آمد که </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">بعد از ارزیابی کیفیت مقالات، </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">از بین آن‌ها</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">،</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">در</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">نهایت 17 مقاله ت</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">أ</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">یید شدند. یافته‌ها </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">در بخش‌های</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">تعریف س</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">ن‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">گرایی، حیطه‌های سن‌گرایی، انواع سن‌گرایی، ت</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">أ</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ثیرات سن‌گرایی، عوامل تعیین‌کننده</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌ی</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">سن‌گرایی، </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">راهکار</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">ها و پیشنهادات سازمان جهانی بهداشت </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">برای</span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">کاهش سن‌گرایی دسته</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">‌</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black">بندی شدند. </span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><span style="color:black">سن‌گرایی از کیفیت زندگی افراد مسن می‌کاهد و انزوای اجتماعی و تنهایی آن‌ها را افزایش می‌دهد. سن‌گرایی عواقب جدی و گسترده‌ای برای سلامتی مردم و رفاه و حقوق بشر دارد. سن‌گرایی برای افراد مسن، با طول عمر کوتاه‌تر، سلامت جسمی و روانی ضعیف‌تر، بهبودی آهسته‌تر از ناتوانی و کاهش شناختی همراه است. با توجه به یافته‌های مطالعه‌ی حاضر، استفاده از سیاست‌ها و قوانین، مداخلات آموزشی از مقطع ابتدایی تا دانشگاه، مداخلات آموزشی رسمی و غیررسمی و همچنین سرمایه‌گذاری در مداخلات تماس بین‌نسلی، برای کاهش سن‌گرایی توصیه می‌شود.</span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">While the concept of ageism has existed across centuries, countries, contexts, and cultures, the term itself is relatively new and lacks a universal equivalent in many languages. Ageism encompasses stereotypes (how we think), prejudice, and discrimination directed towards individuals based on their age. Given the recent emergence and growing attention to this concept, this study aims to establish a common and consistent understanding of ageism within scientific literature. This review examined the concept of ageism in older adults. A search of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted using the keyword &quot;Ageism&quot; and &quot;Older adult,&quot; yielding 18,945 English-language abstracts published between 2014 and 2024. Two researchers independently reviewed the articles in two stages. An initial review of titles and abstracts resulted in the selection of 77 relevant papers. A subsequent full-text review narrowed the selection to 34 papers, of which 17 were ultimately included after a quality assessment. The findings encompassed various aspects of ageism, including types of ageism, its effects, determining factors, and strategies recommended by the World Health Organization to mitigate ageism. Age discrimination significantly diminishes the quality of life for older adults, increasing social isolation and loneliness. Ageism has profound and widespread consequences for individuals&#39; health, well-being, and human rights. For older adults, ageism is associated with shorter life expectancy, poorer physical and mental health, slower recovery from disability, and cognitive decline. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended to implement policies and laws, integrate ageism education into curricula from elementary school to university and in both formal and informal settings, and invest in interventions that foster intergenerational contact to effectively reduce age discrimination.</span></span></span></span></div> تبعیض سنی, سالمند, سن‌گرایی Age discrimination, Ageism, Aging, Review papers 1 2 http://ijme.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-12-1581-34&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fatemeh Estebsari فاطمه استبصاری fa_estebsari@yahoo.com Yes Assistant professor, Fellowship Evidence Based Medicine, Department of Anastasia and Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran استادیار ، فلوشیپ پزشکی مبتنی بر شواهد، گروه اتاق عمل و هوشبری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات اخلاق و حقوق پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران Maedeh Moradpoor Ivki مائده مرادپور ایوکی No MSc of Psychiatric Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran ارﺷﺪ روانپرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران Mohadeseh Mokhtariyan Delooei محدثه مختاریان دلویی No Master of community of health, Nursing, Allame Bohlool hospital, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran ارشد پرستاری سلامت جامعه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران