Showing 128 results for Ali
Rahman Panahi, Armin Baleshzar, Ali Zahmatkesh,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (Vol.20, No.4, Winter 2025)
Abstract
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A review of studies has revealed that the concept of traffic literacy in Iran has not been investigated so far, and there is no valid and reliable tool to measure traffic literacy. In addition, there is a relationship between health literacy in one hand, and managing diseases and accidents, the number of traffic injuries and prevention of road traffic injuries in other hand. Also, considering the relationship between health literacy and the management of diseases and accidents, the rate of traffic injuries, and its role in preventing road traffic injuries, and considering the potential impact of health literacy in promoting safer practices for pedestrians and for having a healthier and safer society, it seems necessary to design a tool to measure traffic literacy in the country. |
Mohammad Heidari, Mohammad Saadati, Moradali Zareipour, Arezoo Qasemkhanloo, Mehrdad Karimi,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (Vol.21, No.1, Spring 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Earthquakes are among the most dangerous natural disasters and can significantly harm human life. Accordingly, public awareness and preparedness for earthquakes are essential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate earthquake safety behaviors, focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and protective behaviors in Khoy, Iran.
Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study conducted on 412 people in Khoy city using cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-designed questionnaire comprising demographic characteristics and assessments of awareness, attitudes, and protective behaviors against earthquakes. The data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, and backward logistic regression method with Stata 15 software.
Results: The results of the present study indicated that over 66% of individuals had poor knowledge, 42% had an average attitude, and 46% exhibited moderate protective behaviors against earthquakes. The regression model demonstrated that high knowledge increased the likelihood of exhibiting protective behaviors by 1.92 times (OR = 1.92, p = 0.006), while a positive attitude increased this likelihood by 6.12 times (OR = 6.12, p < 0.0001). Also, university education level 2.92 times (p=2.92, OR=0.055) and having previous experience of earthquake 1.89 times (p=0.057, OR=1.89) increase the likelihood of these behaviors.
Conclusion: Considering the low levels of awareness and protective behaviors against earthquakes among the residents of Khoy, educational workshops, and simulation exercises should be organized. Additionally, developing educational content could enhance individuals' preparedness for earthquakes.
Niloufar Bahrampour, Seyed Vahid Ahmadi Tabatabaei, Maryam Faraji, Aliakbar Haghdoost,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (Vol.21, No.1, Spring 2025)
Abstract
ackground and Objectives: Waste refers to solid, liquid, and gaseous materials (excluding sewage) generated from human activities and considered discardable by the producer. The production of household waste also rises with the increase in population. Therefore, evaluating the effects of household waste management on health is a critical issue. Effective interventions can be implemented to mitigate its impacts by identifying the problems and risks associated with this type of waste.
Methods: This study is a scoping review aimed at health impact assessment of household waste management. In this study, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched in English between 2014 and 2024, and the results were entered into Endnote software and screened.
Results: From the initial search of 3,504 studies, 109 full-text articles were ultimately included in the review. The results indicated that most of the research was conducted in developing countries. The primary data collection tools were laboratory samples, and most of the studies were quantitative. Most of these studies have focused on the effects of household waste management on physical health, while the least explored dimension was spiritual health.
Conclusion: This study shows that household waste management, in addition to its effects on physical health and environmental pollution, can affect mental, social, and spiritual health. Therefore, by identifying these effects, we should seek solutions for better household waste management to minimize negative health effects.
Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Mohammad Khalili, Aliakbar Haghdoost, Abbas Aghaei-Afshar, Hamid Sharifi,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (Vol.21, No.1, Spring 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dengue fever is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, seriously threatening public health. Therefore, prevention and control strategies are critical, given the lack of effective treatment. This study aimed to combine international guidelines for controlling Aedes mosquitoes and managing dengue fever.
Methods: This narrative review focused on international guidelines for preventing and controlling dengue fever and Aedes mosquitoes. Reputable international sources were reviewed, and the selection criteria included the credibility of the issuing organization, focus on vector-borne diseases, and adaptability to different environmental conditions. Key data from each guideline, including objectives, main messages, and recommendations, were extracted. The search timeframe was extended to 2024 and conducted on international websites.
Results: International guidelines emphasized an integrated approach to vector control. Environmental strategies include sustainable water system management, stagnant water elimination, and safe waste disposal. Chemical controls stress the cautious use of larvicides and insecticides while strictly adhering to resistance management protocols. Biological interventions, such as introducing predator species into water bodies, were recommended in specific conditions. The guidelines also highlighted community engagement and education and advocate for intersectoral collaboration. Innovative tools such as insecticide-treated materials, lethal traps, and disease trend prediction technologies were also endorsed. Social mobilization and intersectoral cooperation were key elements for long-term success.
Conclusion: International dengue control strategies combine a multifaceted approach, integrating environmental management, chemical and biological control, and community engagement. Implementing these guidelines as well as technological advancements, and international collaboration can significantly reduce the global burden of dengue fever.
Aliasghar Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Hesameddin Akbarein, Rouzbeh Bashar, Mohammad Reza Shirzadi, Zahra Boluki, Narges Ghasemzadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (Vol.21, No.1, Spring 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Rabies is a public health threat worldwide. This study aimed to determine the amount and trend of the costs of anti-rabies serum and rabies vaccine in Iran between 2015 and 2022.
Methods: Using national data from March 2015 to March 2022, the cost of anti-rabies serum, human rabies vaccine, and the total cost of both were determined. The annual trend of the serum, vaccine, and total cost was determined using Joinpoint regression with a maximum of one.
Results: The highest rabies serum and vaccine costs were observed in 2021 and 2020 (58.3 and 6.874 US million dollars), respectively. Average Annual Percent Change was statistically significant (p<0.001) and indicated an increasing trend in the costs of anti-rabies serum. The trend in vaccine costs between 2015 and 2020 was increasing, and the annual percent change between 2015 and 2020 (p˂0.001) and 2021 (p˂0.001) were statistically significant. The average annual percentage change was statistically significant for the total costs of anti-rabies serum and rabies vaccine (p˂0.001) and indicated an increasing trend in Iran.
Conclusion: The lowest rabies vaccine costs were observed in 2021, which might be due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To reduce rabies losses, the domestic production of anti-rabies serum, implementing rabies control measures in unowned dogs, and increasing public awareness about animal bites, particularly dog bites, are recommended.
Shima Shadkam Farrokhi, Amir Hossein Nekouei, Saeedeh Haji Maghsoudi, Hamid Sharifi, Aliakbar Haghdoost,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (Vol.21, No.2, Summer 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Abortion is a significant health and social issue in Iran, which affects women's physical and mental health, as well as population growth rates. This study evaluated and compared direct and indirect estimates of abortion incidence and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in Kerman, Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study estimated the incidence of abortion using direct and indirect methods (Proxy network Scale-Up Method). In the direct method, 471 women aged 18-54 were interviewed about their personal experiences with abortion. In the indirect method, 450 women provided information about abortions within their close social networks. The number of abortions reported by each individual was divided by the corresponding person-time to estimate the incidence rate using the direct method. The number of abortions reported within the social network was divided by the size of each individual’s close network population for the indirect abortion incidence estimation.
Results: The annual abortion incidence is estimated indirectly at 62 per 1,000 women of reproductive age (95% CI = 52, 73), with 57% attributed to spontaneous abortion and 43% to induced abortion. Factors such as more children, higher socioeconomic status, and an educated spouse were associated with increased abortion rates.
Conclusion: The occurrence of abortion in Kerman, as in the rest of the country, was a serious health issue. The underlying and root causes should be addressed to manage it more effectively. And it should be noted, more than half of these abortions are spontaneous, meaning that there are inherent limitations in reducing the number of abortions even with optimal management.
Marzieh Gharanjiki, Abdolhalim Rajabi, Taghi Amiriani, Gholamreza Roshandel, Mohammadali Vakili,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (Vol.21, No.2, Summer 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide, and its incidence is increasing in Iran. Competing risk analysis offers a refined approach to identify factors influencing Colorectal cancer-specific mortality. Therefore, This study was designed and conducted to determine the survival of patients with colorectal cancer and its associated factors.
Methods: The study was a historical cohort. Data of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2013 and 2019 at Golestan University of Medical Sciences were collected, and patients were followed up until May 4, 2024. Patient survival was estimated, and the cumulative incidence function, as well as competing risk models of cause-specific hazards and subdistribution hazards, were applied for competing risk analysis. Model adequacy was assessed using the Akaike Information Criterion. Analyses were performed in STATA version 17 (α = 0.05).
Results: Of the 811 patients, 366 (45.13%) were women and the rest were men. The mean age and standard deviation were calculated as 58.54 ± 13.87 years. In the multivariable analysis of factors associated with colorectal cancer mortality in the presence of competing risks, variables including gender, age, literacy, ethnicity, and metastasis were statistically significant in both models. Findings indicated that the cause-specific hazard model provided a better fit for analyzing survival outcomes in colorectal cancer.
Conclusion: Competing risk analysis based on cause-specific hazards is recommended in the multivariable analysis of factors associated with colorectal cancer mortality, particularly in the presence of competing risks of death from other causes.
Mahboobeh Naroui, Parya Jangipour Afshar, Aliakbar Haghdoost,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (Vol.21, No.3, Autumn 2025)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the rate and examine factors associated with the migration of patients from Iranshahr to other regions of Iran for hospital care during 2023–2024.
Methods: This cross-sectional study employed an indirect approach. First, patients registered in the SIB system were asked about the size of their close family network. If the patient or their first-degree relatives had traveled outside Iranshahr to receive medical services, they were interviewed. Ultimately, 159 individuals were included. Factors and challenges associated with patient migration were scored on a scale from 0 to 20.
Results: The proportion of individuals who migrated from Iranshahr for hospital services in the past year was 5.9% (95% CI: 5.0, 6.7), equivalent to 6,785 people. The leading factor for migration was the type of illness, with a score of 19.1 (95% CI: 18.5, 19.5). Most patients traveled for gastrointestinal, cancer, and cardiac diseases, with referrals mainly to Kerman and Yazd provinces. Satisfaction with services received, with a score of 17.1 (95% CI: 16, 17.5), was the main reason for repeat referrals. The principal challenges were transportation costs (score 16.6) and accommodation costs (score 16.3).
Conclusion: Poor quality, limited effectiveness, and lack of diagnostic infrastructure were the main drivers of patient migration. To promote access and social equity, strengthening the healthcare infrastructure in this region must be prioritized.
