Dermatology and Cosmetic

Editorial Note

Alireza Firooz

No Abstract###

The association between obesity and psoriasis severity

Maryam Nasimi

Background and Aim: Psoriasis is a common, chronic and inflammatory skin disease. It has been determined that obesity may be associated with this disease. So, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between obesity and severity of psoriasis in patients referred to dermatology clinic of Razi Hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 106 patients with plaque type psoriasis who had not received any systemic treatment .The demographic characteristics such as gender, age, BMI, severity of disease (PASI), waist, and waist to hip ratio were recorded.

Results: 42% of the patients had BMI of 25-30 (over weight) and 32% higher than 30 (obese). The mean BMI in women (30.2±5.6) was significantly higher than men (27.6±4.7) (P=0.02). BMI was correlated to disease severity (PASI) , but it was not significant (a=0.143, P=0.114)

Conclusion: Although we did not find any significant correlation between severity of disease and BMI, but the association between severity of disease and high BMI were concluded.

Comparison of two sunscreens in the prevention of sunburn

Razieh Zare

Background and Aim: Considering the prevalence of sunburn and its complications and the importance of preventing it, we conducted a study to compare a brand sunscreen with SPF = 60 (cream A) and a domestic sunscreen with SPF = 50 (cream B) in hikers.

Methods: The clinical trial was carried out on 50 participants in shiraz. 0.4 ml of the cream A was applied to one side of face and the same amount of cream B was applied to other side as control. The participants were exposed to the sun for 5 hours. The assessment was performed 3 hours after the onset by a dermatologist and 24 hours later by the participants themselves based on erythema, burning, itching and satisfaction with the products. The data were analyzed using McNemar and chi-square tests.

Results: Cream B in 82.2% and A in 76.2% of cases prevented sunburn. Also, the participants' satisfaction was 95% and 82% for using B and A creams, respectively. Sunscreen A and B did not show significant difference in prevention of sunburn, but side effects such as burning and itching were observed more in cream A and paricipants satifaction was more with cream B.

Conclusion: Overall cream B had less side effects and participants were more satisfied with it.

Personality disorders in the individuals requesting to inject botulinum toxin to improve facial wrinkles

Mohammad Ebrahimzadeh Ardakani

Background and Aim: Skin wrinkles are typically the result of aging process. Botulinum toxin injection is a method that has many applicants. This study was performed to determine the personality disorders individuals who requested to inject botulinum toxin to improve facial wrinkles.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on women and men with facial wrinkles who were referred for botulinum toxin injection to laser clinic of Yazd in 2016. The Millon questionnaire was used to determine the personality disorders. Finally, the data were analyzed by using SPSS 22 software and descriptive statistical tests.

Results: 51 individuals participated in this study with a mean age of 35.9±9.5 years. The highest frequencies were in the age group under 35 years old with 26 (51%), females with 45 (88.2%), Bachelor's degree and above with 31 (60.8%) and married status with 35 (68.6% individuals). Obsessive-compulsive disorder with frequency of 7 (13.7%) and dramatic personality trait with frequency of 6 (11.8%) were the most common disorders after normal condition. The influence of factors such as age, sex, education and marital status were not significant in the prevalence of personality disorders.

Conclusion: Most individuals who requested botulinum toxin injection had a normal psychiatric condition followed by obsessive-compulsive disorder and dramatic personality trait. This indicates the importance of beauty in the social status of the individuals which forces them to remove wrinkles for a more effective presence in the community.

The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on body image concern and improvement of cognitive flexibility in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Hamid Radsepehr

Background and Aim: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus do not have a flexible approach against stress and have difficalty regulating their cognitive skills performance. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on reducing perceived body image stress and improving cognitive flexibility among women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods: In this research, 24 women referred to rheumatology clinics in Mashhad between the years 2015 and 2016 were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental (cognitive-behavioral group therapy) and control groups. Before and after interventions, Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) and Clinical Global Improvement Scale (CGI) were filled out for both groups. The data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in SPSS-19 software with the significance level of 0.05. Further, percentages of improvement were calculated.

Results: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy compared to the control group led to a significant reduction in body image concern, and improvement of cognitive flexibility (P<0.001). The level of treatment satisfaction and overall improvement were significantly higher in intervention group and the improvement in all the research variables were more than those of the subjects in the control group (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy was effective in reducing body image concern and improving cognitive flexibility in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Prevalence of depression in patients with alopecia in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Masoud Mohammadi

Background and Aim: Alopecia is one of the most common chronic skin diseases and is one of the most important predictors of psychological distress and depression. Considering the importance of this issue to public health, this study evaluated the impact of alopecia on increasing depression in the affected population

Methods: A meta-analysis was performed for relevant articles in scientific databases including SID, Science direct and PubMed (Medline). Reference lists of identified articles were reviewed for additional articles. Heterogeneity of study was checked using I² index. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) software.

Results: The overall prevalence of depression in patients with alopecia in Iran was %60.3 (%95 Cl %51.4-%68.5) during 2001-2015. The highest prevalence of depression was recorded in Khorramabad in 2007, %66.7 (%95 Cl: %56.3-%75.6) and the lowest prevalence of depression was found in Mashhad in 2010, %47.3 (%95 Cl: %41.7-%53).

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the prevalence of depression in patients with alopecia is high and therefore appropriate therapies and the need for psychological counseling for these patients seems to be necessary.

Dermoscopy in the diagnosis of non-melanoma skin cancers

Azadeh Goodarzi

Nowadays, in modern medicine, there is a great tendency to use non invasive or less invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods with high precision and effectiveness. This is also true about diagnosis and treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), that the prototypes are basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) which also considered as the most common human cancers. Therefore, in this review, we present the value and diagnostic features of the dermoscopy (as an emerging and growing non-invasive dermatological evaluation tool) for approaching to NMSC. It is hoped that this study will be an infrastructure for the ever-increasing use of dermoscopy in evaluation of skin cancers, especially NMSCs.

Verrucous plaques in old burn scars: A rare presentation of sarcoidosis

Arghavan Azizpour

Introductio: Sarcoidosis is a chronic multi-organ disease. Scar sarcoidosis is a rare but specific cutaneous presentation. Most patients with scar sarcoidosis suffer from systemic involvement especially lung disease.

Case Report: We present here a 77 year-old-woman with sarcoidal infiltration in burn scars that she had acquired 30 years ago. She was treated with systemic steroids which led to regression of cutaneous lesions.

Conclusion: Scar sarcoidosis should be suspected in occurrence of new lesions in burn scars