Journal of Dental Medicine

Caries Risk Assessment and Prevention

SJ. Pourhashemi

Over 20 years, several analytical approaches have been designed to predict caries in children.Caries Risk Assessment is a recently developed technique concern to caries prediction.This procedure involves three stages as follows:1- Determination and assessment of the dental caries risk factors.2- Examination and evaluation of each individual child to be specifically diagnosed the level of 3- caries risk e.g. high, moderate and low risk.3- Recommendation of preventive programs according to risk assessment.Because children vary widely in their ability to develop cavities, a well-organized program holds great promise for promoting dental heath for pre-school children of varying caries risk. This article considered a series of principals that dentist can use in case planning, management and prevention programs according to risk assessment.

Replantation of an Avulsed Central Incisor after Long Extra- Alveolar Period. (Case Report)

A case involving the replantation of an avulsed incisor after long extra-oral period (8 days) is reported. After cleaning the root surface, the tooth was soaked in fluoride gel for 20 minutes and root canal therapy was performed extraorally. The tooth was stabilized by wire and composite for six weeks. The patient has been periodically recalled and the tooth monitored for 36 months after replantation. Only minor external surface resorption was observed in the periapical area on the rodiograph, which was taken immediately before removal of the splint and the rate of subsequent replacement resorption has been acceptable. It should be considered that and extended extraoral period is not an absolute contraindication to replantation. Teeth replanted after long extra- alveolar periods can function for a long period of time and thus postpone prosthetic treatment.

Study of Glycosaminoglycans of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) in Pulp of Developing Tooth

Mesenchymal- epithelial interactions during embryogenesis have been shown to be important in the fetal development of many organs. Identification of molecules that modulate these interactions is key to our understanding of the pathological conditions. The major groups of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules characterized are glycosaminoglycans that candidate for morphogenesis and differentiation of ceils and tissues. In this study the molecules of ECM were considered in tooth development, pregnant female mice of balb-c were stained (vaginal plug=0 day) and embryos (E12-E19) and newborns (PN1-PN9) were collected. Tissues were fixed, processed embedded and sectioned. Sections were stained with the following methods: Alcian Blue (pH=l), PAS-Alcian Blue (pH=2.5), Aician Blue(pH=5.8) prepared with for MgCL2 concentrations (CEC1- CEC4) and toluidin Blue. Non- parametric statistical test (Kruskall- Wallis) showed significant difference between groups from the point of hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, carboxylated and sulfated glycosaminoglycan in pulp. It seems that the synthesis and secretion of components of ECM is important in morphogenic events and followed by a spatiotemporal pattern and developmentally regulated.

The Prevalence of Enamel Defects in Students 7-12 Years of Age in Isfahan

Dental enamel is the end product of amelogenesis, which can be considered to take place in three interrelated phases. When this complex sequence of cytological and physicochemica! events disrupted by genetic or environmental factors, the function of the ameloblasts may be disrupted permanently or temporarily. The result shows qualitative and quantitative defects that may range from a complete absence of enamel or a slight discoloration. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of enamel defects by DDE index in a randomly selection group of 1637 students age 7-12 years old in Isfahan (0.2-0.3 PPMF"). Enamel defects were present on one or more teeth in 27% of the cases. The most common affected tooth was the central maxillary and then first molar of maxilla. The most common affected surfaces were buccal. Hypoplastic defects were found in first molar however premolar and canine were affected by diffuse white lines opacity.

Clinical Evaluations of Soft and Hard Tissue Repair Using Osteo Gen in Periodontal Intraosseous Defects

The aim of this study was to evaluate the repair of hard and soft tissue using Osteo Gen and comparing with flap curettage in periodontal defects. 36 periodontal intraosseous defects in sixteen patients involved moderate to advanced periodontitis were randomly selected and allocated to two groups: test (22) and control groups (14). Slow resorption, excellent tissue compatibility, no exfoliation and root resorption were considered during healing. The average of pocket depth in test and control groups was 3.16 and 2.73 mm, respectively. After 6 months, the average of bone repair was 2.18 mm (68.97%) and 0.46 mm (16.84%) in test and control groups. Bone apposition was obtained in test group (0.09 mm) (2.84%) while bone loss observed in control group (0.32 mm)(l 1.72%). Initial pocket depths in test and control groups were 7.68mm and 6.61mm. After six months, re-entry surgery was performed and the measurement of new attachment was 3.45 mm (61.19%) and 2.81 mm (51.28%). Recession of the gingival margin was 1.22 mm (15.80%) and 0,58 mm (8.77%) for test and control groups,respectively. By considering these findings, using of Osteo Gen can be recommended compare with flap curettage in periodontal intraosseous defects.

The Comoarision of stress distribution in Endodontically Treated Teeth

A study of stress distribution on four designs of Maxillary Central Crown

Evaluation of craniofacatial abnormality in talasemic pateints

Histological Study of the Effects of Ibuprofen on Acute Apical Inflammation Following Root Canal Therapy in Cats

Postoperative pain following Root Canal Therapy (RCT) is the common problem for patients,dentist and dental staff. Regardless of cause it appears that postoperative pain and discomfort is related to periapical inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate histologically the effect of Ibuprofen on acute apical inflammation following RCT. on cat. Fifty-six cuspids teeth of 14 cats were divided into three groups, 6 cats for experimental group, 6 cats for positive control group and 2 cats for negative control group. In first group, to anesthesize the animals each cat received 10 mg/kg Ibuprofen 36 hours before RCT and repeated every 24 hours. In second group RCT was performed in 24 cat teeth without any prescription. In negative control groups 2 cats, no RCT were done.Following vital perfusion, in interval of 6, 12, 24 hours, samples were post fixed in 10% formalin and five micron sections were prepared, and stained with H&E and studied under the Mann Whitney parameter test. Infilteration of inflamatory cells in 6 hours interval in experimental group was significantly less than two control groups. In 12 hours samples, however, inflammation in experimental group reduced, but it was not significant. In 24 hours samples there was no significant difference between experimental groups and controls. The result of this in-vivo study shows prescription of Ibuprofen before root canal therapy can reduce inflammatory reaction.