Hospital

Assessing the Importance of Social Responsibility and Its Implementation Status in Kermanshah Teaching Hospitals from the Perspective of Management Team

Rahele Maleki

Background: Hospital managers' success depends not only on internal of the hospital environment, but also on the external. Considering the importance of the social responsibility of hospitals as an external organizational issue, this study aimed to assess the importance of social responsibility and the implementation status of hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This analytical descriptive study was conducted in Kermanshah educational hospitals in 2016. The study population consisted of management team of each hospital in middle and first-line level, of which 150 were selected using census sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the instrument was confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS20 software, descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The mean score of importance and status of social responsibility implementation were high (86.20 ± 9.98) and moderate (60.62 ± 12.41), respectively. Among the domains, the highest and the least attention were paid to environment (11.65 ± 88.30) and suppliers (13.47 ± 81.48) domains, respectively. The highest level of accountability in patients was (68.87 ± 26/14) and the least was found in organizational processes (14.47 ± 42.02). There was a significant statistically difference in social status according to organizational status and employment type (p <0.05).
Conclusion: The results revealed that the rate of social responsibility of hospitals was moderate. It seems that providing a systematic assessment of managers performance and authorities, functional feedback and using the successful experiences of organizations in the field of social responsibility are necessary.

Estimating Admission and Inappropriateness of Patients in Iran University of Medical Sciences: A Steps to Improve Hospital Consumption Patterns

ali tahmasebi

Background: Assessment of appropriate and inappropriate services offered at the hospital is a very important topic to improve resource allocation. Thus, this study performed to assess inappropriate admission and length of stay to modify extra costs and effective resource management.

Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytic one which conducted as a cross sectional study in the first half of 2017. The Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol(AEP) was used to collect data. A total of 420 patients hospitalized in Haft Tir and Firoozgar Hospitals were selected using stratified sampling method. collecting data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics by SPSS₁₈.

Result: 391 individuals were admitted appropriately and 29 were classified as inappropriate admission. The rate of inappropriate admission estimated about 7% in the hospitals. female Sex, type of admission, the length of admission and place of patient residence had effect on prediction of inappropriate admission rate (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: Considering the high percentage of inappropriate admission and stay length of patients as well as high costs of health services in these hospitals, the problems can be greatly reduced using proper planning, admissions management between the hospital units.

Evaluation of hospital managers’ performance in Sari

mahdi abbasi

Background: The success of organizations depnds on their managers’ performance. This study aimed to measure hospital managers’ performance in the city of sari in 2017, Iran.
Materials and Methods: About 294 top, middle and first-line managers working in the hospitals in Sari (including four public, two private and one social security hospital) particaipated in this descriptive and cross-sectional study. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used to assess managers’ performance in eight functions including decision making, planning, organizing, coordinating, leadership, communication, budgeting and control. SPSS software, the 21^st version, was used for data analysis.
Results: The mean score of hospital managers’ performance was 3.87 out of 5. Managers scored high in organizing (4.12), leadership (4.06), and decision making (3.97) and low in budgeting (3.27), planning (3.83), and coordinating (3.84). Managers’ performance was linked to their age, marital status, education level, and educational background. Those managers who worked in a position related to their educational background had better performance.
Conclusion: Hospital managers rated their performance as good. Measuring managers’ performance, determining their strengths and weaknesses and applying corrective actions are beneficial to the improvement of hospitals’ performance.

Factors Related to Domestic Violence against Female Employees in Educational Hospitals Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2016

Mohammad Mahdi Doustmohammadi

Background: Physical and verbal violence against hospital personnel is very critical problems that could influence the quality of clinical and nursing cares. Today, problem prevention and identification of related factors with domestic violence against women have been considered as a health priority in many countries. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, this study aimed to determine related factors with domestic violence against women in educational hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-analytical one which conducted on 836 female employees using census method. Data collection performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. This questionnaire consisted of 34 items in four dimensions (physical, verbal and mental, sexual) and violence experienced by the husband. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 with descriptive statistics and analytic statistics such as Kolmogorov–Smirnov, ANOVA, independent t test, and Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression.

Results: Study results revealed that verbal and mental (55.33%), physical (36.16%), and sexual (6.66%) violence were the most common type of violence against women, respectively. There was a significant statistically association between age gap, forced marriage, husband’s addiction, income and precedent violence Experience and violence against women.

Conclusion: This study presented prevalence and related factors of demotic violence among women. Therefore, it is imperative that health authorities, especially hospital managers, pay attention to this phenomenon assessing further investigation of factors related to violence against women in order to take the necessary steps to mitigate and reduce related factors using life skills workshop, training and counseling for couples.

Prioritization of Key Qualification Indicators related to Operational-Level Managers based on Multiple Criteria Decision Making, Fuzzy TOPSIS in Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan

Introduction: Since incorrect selection of a manager might lead to incorrect choices of other members, organizations need to consider this important issue and use well-sought mechanisms for managers’ selection process. Accordingly, this study aims to rank the key factors associated with the selection of operational managers in Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods: This research employed a logical and systematic trend to develop and rank the indicators using fuzzy TOPSIS method. In order for prioritization of key indicators of qualification of operational-level; after reviewing the literature and using experts’ viewpoints , the dimensions of performance have been selected and using, the SMART technique the key criteria were weighted. A validated and reliable questionnaire was used for data collection.

Results: Fifty individuals participated in this study. 37 (74%) and 13 (26%) were male and female respectively. The mean and standard deviation of age of participants were 41.68 and 7.06 years. Literature reviews and related studies indicated 48 indices for choosing qualified managers. Among these, according to the expert’s opinion in management science and managers, 36 indices were selected as key indicators. Based on the FTOPSIS analysis, indicators of higher education in the field of management, compliance time, power of expression, adornment and belief in law and order achieved coefficients as 0.205, 0.204, 0.203, 0.202 and 0.197, rank first to fifth.

Conclusion: According to the results management related education and expertise in technical aspects of organizational management control were at the top of ranking . Results of this study can help medical universities and health service organizations to develop guidelines for selecting their managers.

Survey of Structural Relationship of Intellectual Capital, Psychological Empowerment, Organizational Learning and Performance

Ali Abbass Miraghaie

Background: This study aimed at investigating the structural relationship between intellectual capital, psychological empowerment, and organizational learning with staff performance of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the form of a causal model.
Materials and Methods: The research method was correlational type. Data gathering was performed using four major scales including Benitez intellectual capital, Spreitzer Psychological empowerment, Neefe organizational learning, and Hersey & Goldsmith performance. A sample 450 of persons was selected using stratified method to test hypothesis and fitness of the proposed model. Data analysis performed using SPSS version 24 and Smart PLS software.
Results: Data analysis indicated that measurement model, structural model and total model were fit. Intellectual capital, psychological empowerment, organizational learning had impact directly on performance 0.22, 0.30 and 0.45, respectively and the intellectual capital and psychological empowerment have indirectly impact on performance 0.27 and 0.26 respectively.
Conclusion: Intellectual capital, psychological empowerment, and organizational learning have impact on performance directly. Also, Intellectual capital and psychological empowerment have impact on performance indirectly. Regarding to study finding, tailored programs and processes to promote Intellectual capital, psychological empowerment, and organizational learning status recommended.

Investigating the Possibility of Implementing the Magnet Hospital Attributes and Its Impact on Nurses Job Satisfaction

morteza ghasemi

Background: This research aimed to investigate the possibility of realizing Magnet hospital attributes and its effect on nurses’ job satisfaction.

Materials and Methods: This applied study was a descriptive and correlational one. The study population consisted of the nurses who worked in Qods hospital in Arak. Nurses of emergency departments, operative rooms and angiography unit due to different implementation of the work were excluded and 275 nurses were selected. Chen, Johananthin and Kramer questionnaires were applied to data collection. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS software.

Results: The study results revealed that the effect of "Magnet Hospital attributes" on "job satisfaction" is equal to 0.567. Autonomy (β = 0.015), policy (β = 0.515), management style (β = 0.295) and professional development (β = 0.103) significantly contributed 56% of the variance of job satisfaction. Per unit increasing in "autonomy", "policy", "leadership style" and " professional development” was added 0.013, 0.427, 0.265 and 0.91 to "job satisfaction”, respectively.

Conclusion: Manager support for professional development has positive impact on nurses’ satisfaction through continuous learning, autonomy in their duties and increased nursing leadership power. Therefore, planning for access to Magnet hospital should be the top priorities of nursing managers.

Status of Safety Culture of Psychiatric Patients from The Viewpoint of Medical Personnel

Ali Reza Yusefi

Background: One of the main components of the quality of health services is patient safety. This study aimed to determine safety culture status of psychiatric patients from the viewpoint of the medical staff of Ibn Sina and Hafez hospitals in Shiraz.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study performed as a cross-sectional one in 2017. The study population included 165 health care personnel of the hospitals which were selected by census sampling. The study tool was a standard questionnaire for the hospital's safety culture. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression using SPSS version 23 software at a significant level of α = 5%.

Results: The average of safety status of the patients calculated 154.62 ± 19.74. The patient safety culture was estimated at an acceptable level (64.1%). The dimensions of personnel affairs (36%) and non-punitive responses to errors (34.7%) were in an unfavorable situation. There was a significant association between the employment status of personnel and patient safety (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Despite the acceptable condition of the patient's safety culture, however, the dimensions of the non-responsive response to the mistakes and issues related to the personnel were in an unfavorable situation and require prompt and appropriate actions. It is suggested that hospital authorities to provide the necessary interventions including cultures for reporting of errors, organizing comprehensive training programs, and continuously improving the clinical governance system.

Survey of the Relationship of Knowledge Management and Organizational Creativity and Innovation among the Employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences

hossein dargahi

Background: Today, the organizations have found their need to a strategic planning for valuation of knowledge management. One of the most important elements for knowledge management is organizational creativity and innovation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge management and organizational creativity and innovation among Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-analytical one which conducted in 120 employees of teaching hospital in 2015-2016. The study questionnaire included three questionnaires as Probst’s knowledge management questionnaire, researcher made questionnaire for organizational creativity, Patchen’s organizational innovation questionnaire and demographic information. SPSS software version 21 utilized to data analysis using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient at the significant level of less than 0.05.
Results: The study results revealed that there was a relationship between knowledge management and creativity (r=0.661, P<0.001) and organizational innovation (r=0.325, P<0.001). Also, there was a significant association between organizational creativity with innovation (P=0.02).
Conclusion: Development of knowledge management could increase the rate of organizational creativity and innovation. Therefore, the policymakers, leaders and managers of hospitals should establish the knowledge management system to improve the organizational creativity and innovation, and finally promote the efficiency and effectiveness of hospital practice.

The Role of Corporate Culture on the Quality of Working Relationships During Outsourcing Activities in Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Mohammadjavad Taghipourian

Background: Today, in order to reduce costs along with the realization of superior qualities, assignment of all or part of the responsibility for performing a specific organizational task outside the organization is a great importance. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the role of corporate culture on the quality of working relationships in outsourcing activities at Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and Methods: This research was a correlational study. The study population consisted of all the staff of the outsourced units of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Staff who were in contact with outsourced units included 600 individuals. To collect data, a questionnaire based on Zoghbi et al study (2014) was utilized. Two hundred fourteen analyzable questionnaires were collected using multistage cluster sampling method.

Results: Structural simulation results with LISREL software revealed that corporate culture had a positive impact on the quality of working relationships during outsourcing of activities. Hierarchical culture was associated with adverse impacts on disruptions in customer service and orientation. Ethnic culture had a positive effect on both components. The market culture had a positive impact on obstruction and had a negative effect on customer oriented. Temporary culture had no significant impact on both of components.

Conclusion: given that the quality of working relationships between staffs of outsourced units and organizational staffs is of utmost significance for organizational productivity; the interest of managers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences regarding corporate culture, and also, strengthening hierarchical and ethnical culture is noteworthy to improve customer orientation and reducing disruptions in customer services.