Payavard Salamat

The Correlation Between Burnout And Effectiveness Of Nurses In Shiraz Nemazee Hospital

Zahra Kavosi

Background and Aim: The main purpose of all organizations is improving efficiency and effectiveness. One of the barriers of reaching effectiveness is burnout which can be seen as the final outcome of job stress in many professions including nursing. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between effectiveness of nurses and burnout in Shiraz Nemazee hospital.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study was done among all of the nurses in the Shiraz Nemazee hospital. Two hundred and forty five nurses were selected using random classified sampling method. The data gathering form was standardized questionnaire. Data were entered into SPSS 15 software and the Pearson correlation test was used for data analysis.

Results: The study nurses were at moderate level according to burnout and effectiveness variables. There were positive correlation between “effectiveness” and “target acquisition” and “preservation of the cultural model” dimensions with “lack of individual success” dimension (P<0/05). Also, there was a negative correlation (P<0/05) between burnout in nurses and their effectiveness.

Conclusion: It seems that nurses’ burnout can affect their effective performance so managers can enhance effectiveness of staff performance by providing programs to reduce burnout and its dimensions.

Webometric Analysis Of Nutrition-Related Persian Web Pages Using Silberg Criteria

Kurosh Djafarian

Background and Aim: Considering the potential damages caused by inaccurate, inadequate and incomplete information published in web pages, the aim of this study was to evaluate Persian-language web pages containing nutritional information, using Silberg criteria.

Materials and Methods: Internet pages related to nutrition were found in “peyvandha.ir” and by searching 20 nutrition-related keywords in five search engines. The first fifty results of every keyword in every search engine were evaluated according to the inclusion criteria. From every website/weblog, three issues were randomly chosen. The Silberg checklist and the qualitative questionnaire were completed and the data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: In total, 56 websites /weblogs (47 websites and 9 weblogs) were found to have nutrition-related information. Among these websites/weblogs, 40 were active in the field of nutrition, 14 in health-related fields, and the rest in news, general information and cooking. Mean Silberg score (out of 9) was 2.3±1.9 for websites and 1.75±1.3 for weblogs. The highest score in this study was 8 (one website) and the lowest score was zero (13 websites/weblogs). In 82.5% of websites/weblogs, the sources used in compiling the articles were not mentioned and 64.9% of them lacked their authors’ names. Of all websites/weblogs, 94% didn’t have any disclaimer rejecting the responsibility for accuracy of the information.

Conclusion: Due to the poor quality of internet pages on the one hand and the importance of nutritional knowledge on the other, the development of reliable Persian-language web pages to improve public awareness of nutritional issues is necessary.

The Relationship Between Organizational Involvement And Adaptability In Educational Hospitals Of Kerman In 2012

Sajad Delavari

Background and Aim: Employee involvement and organizational adaptability are two key factors towards success in almost all organizations. Hospital managers must pay special attention to these two variables and always try to improve them. The present research, therefore, studies the relationship between employee involvement (empowerment, team orientation, and capability development) and organizational adaptability (creating change, customer focus, and organizational learning) in the educational hospitals of Kerman.

Materials and Methods: The population of this quantitative study includes all staff members of Kerman’s educational hospitals, estimated about 1370 individuals. A sample of 302 subjects was systematically selected based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table of sample size. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and the data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and Schefe post hoc test.

Results: According to the findings, employee involvement and organizational adaptability -- and their related indices -- were at an acceptable level and were almost equal to those of international organizations. Moreover, there was a positive and significant relationship between these two main variables and their related indices.

Conclusion: The results of this study can help hospital managers to verify the present situation of organizational adaptability and organizational involvement and their relationship. These findings could help hospitals to predict change priorities and select better strategies.

Comparison Of Therapeutic Effectiveness With Clotrimazole 1% Cream With Terbinafine 1% Cream In Patients Therapy Given To Tinea Corporis And Tinea Cruris In Kashan

Mohammad Dakhili

Background and Aim: Dermatophytosis is a skin infection without involving of hair, and in fact, Tinea cruris is a form of body Dermatophytosis. For treatment of these two diseases, topical azole or Alylamines are usually used. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of Terbinafine 1% and clotrimazole 1%, respectively.

Materials and Methods: 100 patients suspected to Tinea body, and 50 patients direct suspected to Tinea cruris referred to Reference Laboratory of Kashan were selected randomly at one year, prepared smear with 10% KOH, and SCC culture media. 1% cream of Clotrimazole or Terbinafine prescribed 2 and 4 weeks. Then patients recovery was studied for clinical and laboratory results. The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS and Duncan procedure.

Results: After 2 weeks, clotrimazole was more effective than Terbinafine in the treatment of patients infected by Tinea of the body, but equally effective in patients therapy with Tinea cruris By Terbinafine. As a whole, Clotrimazole was more effective than Terbinafine. However, this differences was not significant (P>0/432).

Conclusion: Clotrimazole is our drug choice for therapy of Dermatophytosis and Tinea cruris, in spite of new drugs, for example Terbinafine.

Distribution Of Leukocytes In Women With Vaginal Delivery Compared To Elective Caesarean

Abbas Hajifathali

Background and Aim: Vaginal delivery and cesarean are two different methods of delivery. These two different conditions could affect the number and types of predominant white blood cells of mothers. This study is aim to assess and determine the number and types of white blood cells of mothers according to vaginal and elective cesarean.

Materials and Methods: That induced among pregnant women referred to Malayer hospital in Iran between 2011-2012. 30 pregnant women with vaginal, and 30 women with elective cesarean were selected as sample size simultaneously. The blood specimen of pregnant women was analysed by cell counter, sysmex model KX-21 before and after delivery. The data was analysed by SPSS Software using descriptive tests, analysis of variance, and multivariance analysis along with P< 0.05 as a significant level.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant correlation between increase of white blood cells count of two groups. The average of segmented Neutrophils of vaginal delivery group was significant increased in comparison with selective cesarean women.

Conclusion: Stress and physical pressure in vaginal delivery could affect the increase of white blood cells in comparison with cesarean delivery. Although, there is no evidence to approve the impression increased of predominant white blood cells on delivered mother and newborn at birth.

The Relationship Between Macroeconomic Variables And Health Indicators In United Nations Member States: 2002-2010

Javad Neshani Sadabad

Background and Aim: In a severely inflationary environment with unemployment, social problems increase and, therefore, high health care expenses are imposed on the society.

Materials and Methods: This was a correlational study. Panel data model and EVeiws 6 software were used in this study. The data were collected from the World Bank website. The required pre-tests, including F-Limer and Hauseman tests, were given to check the appropriateness of data and to determine a appropriate model. Following the pre-tests, the results were estimated in the form of a regression model.

Results: The results indicated that F-test and t-statistic were significant, and that R² statistic was high. In the three models, R² was 99%, 99% and 98%, respectively. Moreover, it can be said that employment is positively related with life expectancy, but negatively related with infant mortality and total fertility rate. Also, inflation is negatively related with life expectancy, but positively related with infant mortality, and total fertility rate. Finally, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is negatively related with total fertility rate and life expectancy, but has no meaningful relationship with infant mortality (p = 0.31).

Conclusion: Employment, inflation and GDP are the variables that have the greatest impact on health indicators. however, life expectancy is more sensitive to explanatory variables.

The Use Of PCR To Diagnose Onychomycosis Caused By Non-Dermatophytic Molds

Seyed Jamal Hashemi

Background and Aim: Onychomycosis or nail fungus infection has an increasing prevalence with many effects on patients’ social life and mental health dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds are among the best known agents of fungal infections of nails. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-dermatophyte molds using morphological (direct examination and culture) and molecular (PCR) methods in patients referring to Medical Sciences Mycology Laboratory in Tehran, Iran.

Materials and Methods: In this study, samples were taken from 170 patients. For direct microscopic examination (DME), 15% KOH solution was used for the culture of samples, Sabouraud dextrose agar media (S) was applied together with chloramphenicol (SC) and chloramphenicol and cycloheximide (SCC). Meanwhile, differential tests were done for mycological diagnosis (slide culture), and 28SrDNA amplification and sequencing were performed for suspect or unknown samples.

Results: Of the 170 patients, 74 cases (43.5%) had onychomycosis, of which 53 cases (71.62%) were female and 21 cases (28.38%) were male. Also, of the 74 cases of onychomycosis, 40 cases (54.05%) were reported candidiasis, 21 cases (28.37%) non-dermatophyte molds, and 12 cases (16.21 %) dermatophytes.

Conclusion: The prevalence of onychomycosis in this study was 43.5% and the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in cases of false positive, false negative and long-term culture was valuable meanwhile, given that all the samples that had positive results in DME with negative cultures were positive in molecular tests, this study reveals the power of molecular techniques compared with culture method.

The Role Of Health Technology Assessment In Improving Healthcare Quality

Ebrahim Jaafari Pooyan

Background and Aim: Given the increasing growth of new technologies in health care and their rising cost, the necessity of concentration on assessing new technologies and their potential role in quality of health care is more crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of health technology assessment (HTA) in improving healthcare quality and offer the best evidence for decision makers.

Materials and Methods: The study was based on systematic review of papers in health technology assessment via searching in databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane and other HTA related databases. The search has covered the period between years 2000 to 2013. Studies analyzed by narrative synthesis method.

Results: Related studies show that assessing new technologies has potential role in quality improvement of healthcare. HTA can boost the competition among companies which this in turn increases the quality of technologies and ultimately enhances the quality of health services and stakeholders satisfaction.

Conclusion: HTA may increase quality of healthcare services through facilitating a move towards evidence-based decision-making, providing safe health care and increasing patients’ trust and satisfaction to clinical procedures and team members.