Payavard Salamat

Analysis of Iranian Breast Cancer Research: A Scientometric Study

Sholeh Zakiani

Background and Aim: Scientometric studies are one of the most effective methods of scientific evaluation in databases. The aim of this study was to investigate Breast cancer in Iran from 2000-2016.
Materials and Methods: This study has an applied approach and was conducted using scientometric indices. The st tistical population was the indexed articles related to Breast cancer between the years 2000 and 2016 by Iranian researchers at the Science Web site.
Results: During the period 2000-2016, researchers have published 2198 articles on Breast cancer that indicate a steady and steady increase in the number of studies conducted in this area. The results of the study showed that Qaderi is the most prolific researcher in the field of Breast cancer in terms of the number of articles in Iran, Ebrahimi and Montazeri are in the second and third positions respectively. The highest H-index belongs to Montazeri, Qaderi and Abraham, respectively. Researchers in the field of Breast cancer have collaborated with researchers from 65 countries and more with the United States and Canada. The most co-operation has been between researchers in Tehran and Tabriz. The analysis of the keywords used in Breast cancer research in the form of supragloss showed that Iran, Apoptosis and Polymorphism were the most frequent keywords in the studied works.
Conclusion: The upward trend in Breast cancer research indicates the growing importance of this area in Iran. Given the global growth of Breast cancer research and the importance of international research participation, Iranianresearchers should more and more engage in scientific collaboration with their counterparts abroad.

Study of Pomegranate Hydromethanol Extract on Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli by Microplate in Laboratory Conditions

Majid Sadeghpour

Background and Aim: Pomegranate skin contains large amounts of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds. Increasing antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli bacteria as a major contributor to urinary tract infections and Staphylococcus
aureus is a cause of resistance to treatment-resistant infections, a serious need for alternative therapies or compounds that exhibit less resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of Pomegranate extract and inhibit antibiotic resistance of the extract against pathogenic bacteria.
Materials and Methods: After collecting fresh Pomegranate skin, they were dried in a place of sunlight and in shade for 48-72 hours and extraction was done by maceration, in order to determine the minimum level of exposure (Dilution) inhibitor was used from the Muller Hinton Broth and Brain heart Infusion Agar (BHI: Bullet Hit Indicator). The resulting turbidity was measured in a well solution
(microdilution).
Results: The results of microdilution test showed that the growth inhibitory concentration (MIC: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was equal to dilution of 1.8 to 25 μL from Pomegranate extract for E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The growth inhibitory concentration (MIC) was equal to a dilution of 1.16 times 12.5 μL of Pomegranate extract.
Conclusion:The extract extracted from Pomegranate skin has the most antimicrobial properties in comparison with other cases. This extract has the most antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from gram-positive bacteria and against E. coli bacteria that is an indicator of fecal contamination. Finally, Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest susceptibility to this extract.

Comparison of Oxidative Stress Effects on Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Indices in Patients with Mild and Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Parichehr Hanachi

Background and Aim: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders that, despite the high prevalence, most people are unaware of it. The reason for this disorder is obstruction of the respiratory tract, which reduces blood oxygen as a result of frequent waking during the night. In this study, the status of antioxidant defense was considered as one of the most important mechanisms involved in preventing the consequences of this complication.
Materials and Methods: The 35 subjects of OSA were selected and categorized according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in two groups: Mild OSA (n=17) and severe OSA (n=18). The fasting blood samples were taken in order to evaluate the antioxidant defense status of the glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) content.
Results: The results showed the mean values for GPx in patients with mild and severe apnea were 36.6±2.2 and 35.3±3.7 (u/gHb), respectively. Also, the mean values for GSH content in patients with mild and severe apnea were 0.54±0.1 and 0.68±0.1 µM, respectively that showed a 23% increase (P˂0.05) in severe apnea patients.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the GPx activity of mild apnea, however, patients with severe apnea showed a significant increase in GSH levels compared to mild apnea (P<0.05), which may indicate a long-term response to oxidative stress alters gene expression and increases the level of these biomarkers in a long time.

Evaluation of the Basic Dosimetric Properties of Calcium Sulfide Crystals with Rare Earth Elements as a Sensor of OSL Dosimeter

Maryam Alizadeh

Background and Aim: Today, OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence) dosimetry system based on optical stimulation, includes systems that can meet many requirements for radiation protection in the field of medicine and space. The Calcium Sulfide (CaS) is one of the earth's alkaline sulfide materials which can be used as a detector in this system. In this research, some of the dosimetry properties of CaS doped with Cerium, (Ce), and Samarium, (Sm) elements were investigated as OSL dosimeter sensor.
Materials and Methods: First, attenuation of x-rays through the sensors were analyzed and the absorbed dose rate was evaluated using MCNP code. After calcium sulfide tablets were fabricated and their concentration optimized, the maximum waiting time prior to readout was obtained. In addition, the repeatability and linear response of the detector were determined as a function of CaS concentration.
Results: Eight minutes after radiation exposure of detectors, the detection output signals became stable. This stability was monitored for at least 30 minutes after irradiation. The repeatability in measurements was observed within the dose ranges of 100 to 860 mGy. The dosimeter response was observed linear over this dose ranges.
Conclusion: According to the above-observed results and statistical evaluations, one can conclude that the CaS:Ce,Sm crystal is a proper sensor for OSL dosimeter systems in medicine and space studies.

Occupational Burnout in the Operating Room Staff in Teaching Hospitals: Affiliated Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2016

Mohammad Alimoradnori

Background and Aim: The personnel's of the operating room due to many contacts with patients are exposed to stress, which ultimately leads to burnout. The aim of this study is determining the extent of burnout in the operating room staff in teaching hospitals affiliated medical university of Isfahan in 2016
Materials & Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytic study in Isfahan in 2016. The sample of study was 206 employees of operating room staff in Alzahra, Feyz, Kashani, Khorshid and Amin hospitals that they selected by simple method. Data was collected by “Demographic Data” and “Maslach Burnout Inventory” (MBI) questionnaires. Maslach questionnaire has three dimensions: Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Data was analyzed using SPSS software/23 and descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Anova , T-test and Multiple Linear Regression.
Results: The mean score of emotional exhaustion was (23.16±11.18), depersonalization (6.39±8.30) and the personality depersonalization respectively (63.27±13.86). There was a significant relationship between demographic variables and job burnout variable and its dimensions. There was no significant relationship between job burnout, emotional exhaustion and Personal accomplishment with demographic variables. But, there was a significant relationship between Depersonalization and demographic variables. The highest predictive for depersonalization was observed with education (MSC).
Conclusion: Burnout affects the efficiency and performance of staffs in the operating room. Therefore, managers must provide programs to reduce the level of burnout for providing quality services and reduce costs.

The Viability and Pro Apoptotic Effect of Green Tea on Breast Cancer Cell Line (SK-BR-3) and Human Fibroblast Cells (HU-02)

Leila Rouhi

Background and Aim: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancers and is the second leading cause of death form of cancer in women. In recent years, many scientific and medical studies have shown that Green tea has anti-proliferative, anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidant, antibacterial and antiviral effects. Some Green tea polyphenols have anti-cancer activity. In the present study, the effect of Green tea extract was evaluated on the Breast cancer cell line (SK-BR-3) and compared with human fibroblast cell line (HU-02).
Materials and Methods: SK-BR-3 and HU-02 cell lines were treated for 24, 48 and 72 hours with different concentrations of Green tea (50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/ml). Then, Bioavailability was analyzed by MTT kit and Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry using an Annexin V-FITS Kit.
Results: With increasing concentrations of Green tea extract in dose and time dependent manner, bioavailability of cells showed a decrease as compared to control group. Increased incidence of apoptosis was significantly higher in other experimental groups than the control group, while the concentration of 800 μg/ml of Green tea extract was more effective in SKBR3 cell line. Green tea did not show significant effect in HU-02 cells.
Conclusion: Due to the fact that cell proliferation and abnormal apoptosis are one of the main characteristics of cancer cells, Green tea can be used to reduce cell proliferation and increase apoptosis in prevention and treatment of Breast cancer.

Design and Evaluation of Mobile Based Self-Management System for Tuberculosis

Reza Safdari

Background and Aim: In recent years, tuberculosis is a major cause of illness and mortality due to infectious diseases. In fact, one of the reasons for increasing the incidence of tuberculosis is that it is often associated with HIV infection. The present study aimed to design and establish a mobile-based self-care system for controlling tuberculosis.
Materials and Methods: The data required in this research for evaluating the information and designing the application were collected in two main steps: first, the data required in this research for information needs assessment and application design were collected by searching in library resources. A questionnaire was applied by physicians to validate and determine the significance of these elements. Afterwards, based on information elements and the self-care, application was designed in the Android Studio environment.
Results: Information elements and functional capabilities required by the program were determined. Web-based services as a system interface, not only provided the communication between the patient and the care provider, also allowed for patient monitoring and disease control. Then evaluation of the performance and performance of the program was done by doctors and software experts. The findings showed user satisfaction with the application.
Conclusion: Monitoring of treatment electronically allows for less costly monitoring of the patient. In this study, we present a prototype of the relationship between self-care application and portal and its potential benefits, which will allow future studies to improve and add new capabilities.