Payavard Salamat

Usability of Mobile Website of the Libraries of Top Medical Sciences Universities in Iran

Farshid Danesh

Background and Aim: One of the essential methods of evaluating academic libraries’ mobile websites is the usability analysis method; websites’ usability means their ease and simplicity of use. This study aims to evaluate the usability of the mobile website of the libraries of top medical universities in Iran. This study aims to evaluate the usability of mobile websites of the libraries of top Iranian universities of medical sciences.
Materials and Methods: This study was done by the descriptive-survey method. The study’s statistical population includes mobile websites of the libraries of the top 50 universities of medical sciences in Iran, which have gained the highest rank in universities’ webometrics ranking in January 2019. The tool used in this study was a checklist. Data analysis was performed by descriptive and analytical statistical methods and SPSS software.
Results: The data analysis showed that in terms of usability of the mobile websites of university libraries, Kerman, Birjand, and Tehran universities of medical sciences were in the first to third ranks with 89.23%, 84.62%, and 81.54%, respectively. Neishabour, Gonabad, and Semnan universities of medical sciences were the last ranks with 40%, 43.08%, and 44.62%., respectively. The evaluation of the research components showed that “system visibility status,” “assisting the user in identifying, detecting and compensating for errors,” and “guidance and documentation” were in the best situation, and components of “error prevention,” “flexibility and system efficiency,” and “User control and freedom” were in their worst condition.
Conclusion: Given the increasing influence and popularity of smart cell phones in the professional life of academics, it is necessary for administrators and designers of mobile websites of academic libraries to consider the applicability and effectiveness of mobile websites of the research community, taking into account the practical findings of the present study.

Development of the Beyond Activity Based Costing System in Faculty of Management and Medical Informatics of Tabriz: A New Approach for Costing in Higher Education

Mahdi Zeynali

Background and Aim: Traditional costing systems are not efficient enough to calculate up-to-date costs and analyze training costs in education organizations. The present study was conducted with the aim of establishing an activity-based costing system in Tabriz School of Management and Medical Informatics.
Materials and Methods: The current multi-method study was conducted in academic year 2017-2018, aimed to establish cost accounting system which we called Beyond Activity Based Costing System (BABCS). First, using Business Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN), 3,729 activities inside 384 processes were identified, then illustrated and finalized in Bizagi-Modeler software. Overhead costs, were allocated initially to final activity centers then to cost objects based on the workload and time duration of activities. Data management was conducted in Excel and cost analysis was performed via Dptsco cost accounting platform.
Results: Despite the capability of the ongoing accounting system (Nezam Novin) in registering and description of the budget and spending of the faculty, it still needs to be reviewed and upgraded to achieve the objectives of accrual accounting. The total cost of the faculty in the study year is equal to 61,872,545 thousand Rials, of which 57,159,882 thousand Rials are related to education and 4,812,663 thousand Rials are the share of research activities. Based on the results obtained from the BABCS system, the average cost of each course unit in the college was calculated to be 5,102 thousand Rials and the average cost of student education was calculated to be 356,092 thousand Rials. The maximum and minimum cost of student education related to the field of Master of Management and Reforms in the Health System (MPH) was calculated at 800,130 thousand Rials and the Bachelor of Health Information Technology was calculated at 100,171 thousand Rials.
Conclusion: Tabriz School of Management and Medical Informatics has spent most of its resources on staff salaries and benefits. Establishment of activity-based costing system and its connection with other Portals and database of the university can play an effective role in managing the work flows and improving staff productivity and efficiency of the faculty organization.

Analysis of the Publication Process in the Field of Road Accidents and Injuries and Visualization of its Scientific Structure

Afshin Hamdipour

Background and Aim: Road injuries are one of the most important public health problems and the leading cause of death and injury all over the world. The aim of this study is to investigate the trend of publication in the domain of road incidents and injuries and to visualize its scientific structure.
Materials and Methods: The present study is of scientometric type, its method is cross-sectional, and it was done during the period of 2005-2018. A total of 6563 records of road accidents and injuries were selected as the statistical population. The data collection tool was the Web of Science database and the HistCite software was used to visualize the scientific structure.
Results: The United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom ranked first to third with the production of 927, 700, and 651 documents, and the records of these three countries received 26373, 24447, and 23733 citations, respectively. Besides, the rank of road accidents and injuries for these countries were 89, 115, and 132, and the rate of casualties per 100,000 populations was equal to 10.6, 4.5, and 2.9. On the other hand, Libya, Thailand and Malawi (in South-Eastern Africa) are ranked first to third in the areas under study. The number of publications of these three countries was 5, 58 and 18, and their rank in document publications was 100, 34 and 65, respectively.
Conclusion: The relationship between rank in publications and rank in road accidents was negative and significant; countries with higher publications had a lower rank in road accidents and injuries. This indicates an inverse relationship between the number of publications and the number of road injuries; This means that as the number of publications in this field increases, the rank in injuries will improve. It seems that one of the factors that may be effective in reducing injuries and road accidents is the serious intervention of researchers to conduct research in this area in order to raising awareness and create a traffic culture for citizens.

Hippocampal Atrophy Studying in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis Using Brain MRI Images

Mohammad Amin Shayegan

Background and Aim: For effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is important to accurately diagnosis of AD and its earlier stage, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). One of the most important approaches of early detection of AD is to measure atrophy, which uses various kinds of brain scans, such as MRI. The main objective of the current research was to provide a computerized diagnostic system for early diagnosis of AD, using leraning machine algorithms, to help physicians. The proposed system diagnoses AD by examining the hippocampal atrophy of brain MRI images and increases the accuracy of the diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: In this study, hippocampus was segmented from the other parts of the brain by using active contour and convolutional neural network and then, three groups of “Normal Controls: NC”, AD and MCI were classified by using the SVM classifier.
Results: The proposed method has succeeded in classifying AD against NC with 98.77%, 98.74% and 97.96% in average for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Also in classification of MCI against NC, the mean accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 96.14%, 96.23% and 88.21% were achieved, respectively. Compared with the nearest rival method, the proposed method showed improvement accuracy and sensitivity of classification AD from NC with 1.64% and 2.81% respectively. Also, in classification of MCI from NC it showed improvement for accuracy with 8.9% and sensitivity with 2.16%, respectively. Improving in results were due to the use of a modified ACM segmentation algorithm, the use of a combination of features extracted from hippocampal images and features already created by the ImageNet network, the removal of inappropriate features from the feature vector, and the use of deep Inception v3 network.
Concolusion: Based on the results, the combination of polygon surrounding the hippocampus features and deep network features can be useful for detection of AD and MCI.

Human Resource Management in the Shadow of Organizational Entrepreneurship by Approach to Third Generation Universities

malikeh beheshti far

Background and Aim: The presence of a competent and capable human resource management is one of the preconditions for the success of the organization. Factors such as the emphasis on the need to establish knowledge-based companies, the activities of third-generation universities and technology, and the challenges of financing the health sector, the scientific and technological attractiveness of developed countries and the consequent withdrawal of active and specialized forces from the field of health, importance. Attention to the organization of human capital is more prominent and due to the fact that the modern development process of the organization is based on the paradigm of innovation, the interest in ways to guide the human resource management of the entrepreneur is increasing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to predict the human resource management model based on a comprehensive organizational entrepreneurship system in the third generation of medical universities.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, with exploratory interviews, the proposed model for human resource management based on organizational
entrepreneurship was predicted and analyzed using content analysis method. The research population consists of basic and middle managers in the field of health, from which 20 people were selected as a sample by non-probability judgment sampling and snowball sampling.
Results: The results showed that in the field of organizational entrepreneurship (at all organizational levels in the field of health, including queuing and headquarters) 4 main and effective categories on soft and hard skills of human resource management can be classified. The three categories, including structural, behavioral and environmental branches in all government agencies and even in the field of industry have relatively similar concepts, codes and essentially functions. However, regarding the fourth category, namely excellence in the field of health, especially in medical universities, health centers and affiliated hospitals, it is quite noticeable.
Concolusion: Organizational strategies and decisions at the macro level have an undisputed and effective role in laying the groundwork for organizational
entrepreneurship and, ultimately, strengthening processes and feedback from human resource management at the level of health organizations.

Modeling, Designing and Evaluating A Social Network in the Field of Health

Seyed Hasan Sajjadi

Background and Aim: Social networks that provide users with health data not only educate them but also play an active role in the health decision-making process. Health social networks, in addition to being a good tool for better patient communication with health care providers, can play an effective role in connecting similar patients with each other to receive social support. Social networking is one of the biggest achievements of Web 2, which facilitates communication between people. Despite the spread of social networks, their use in the field of health is still at its early levels. To implement an information system, it is first necessary to identify, design and model the related processes. The main purpose of this study was to provide technical documentation for the development of social networks in the field of health in order to facilitate future developments.
Materials and Methods: This study was an applied research. Due to the review of texts in the first phase, this research was descriptive. It is also a developmental research due to its technological dimensions in modeling and pattern model presentation. First, extracted features were confirmed based on experts’ opinions. Then, according to the identified features, social network modeling was performed at three levels of data, functional and process. Based on the modeling, a prototype model was designed and evaluated.
Results: In this research, technical documents were prepared for the development of social networks in the field of health in the three axes of data modeling, functional modeling and process modeling. In the usability assessment by Nielsen model, the created prototype based on modeling was evaluated. Finally, the number of problems in each case of the Nielsen model was determined. The case of "Visibility of system status" with 26.31 and "Consistency and standards" with 5.27 were associated with the highest and lowest problems, respectively.
Conclusion: The growing need and expansion of the use of social networks has created a good platform for using this tool in the field of health and exploiting its benefits. The present study focuses on providing technical documentation for the development of health social networks and to facilitate the development of social networks in the field of health.

Instructional Design Model Based on Control-Value Theory of Achievement Emotions and Its Effectiveness on Academic Achievement Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning

Nida Abdolahi

Background and Aim: Deep and sustainable learning requires a safe and healthy environment. Moreover, paying attention to the intertwined emotional, motivational, cognitive and social processes in the teaching-learning process is vital. Academic achievement motivation and self-regulated learning (SRL) are two important elements in this process that are influenced by the achievement emotions in the learning environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of instructional design model based on control-value theory of achievement emotions (CVT), on academic achievement motivation and self-regulation learning.
Materials and Methods: The research was quantitative and performed by Nonequlment design control group. The statistical population included female second year high school students in Tehran in the academic year of 1997-98, who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group was trained according to the instructional design model based on CVT theory and the control group did not receive this training method. The questionnaire of academic achievement motivation and self-regulated learning was administered to the experimental and control groups as pre-test and post-test before and after the implementation of the model. Data were analyzed by inferential and descriptive statistics using SPSS software and multivariate covariance.
Results: The results of univariate analysis of covariance of group effect on the scores of dependent variables show that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in cognitive strategy (F=11/94, P>0/05, η2=0/14), metacognition strategy (F=56/06, P>0/05, η2=0/44), motivational beliefs (F=6/36, P>0/05, η2=0/08) and academic achievement motivation (F=10/69, P>0/05, η2 =0/13).
Conclusion: The result of this study show that the use of instructional design model based on CVT theory has a positive effect on cognitive strategies, metacognition strategies, motivational beliefs and learners' academic achievement motivation.

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Indicators Following A Long Period of Resistance Training in Sedentary Older Men

Abbas Ali Gaeini

Background and Aim: Excessive production of free radicals and the accumulation of oxidative damages play an important role in accelerating the aging process. However, one of the ways to fight against aging and related diseases is through physical activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on oxidative stress indicators (8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α: 8-iso PGF2α) and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine: 8-OHdG) in elderly men.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 elderly men were selected voluntarily and purposefully as a statistical sample and were randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Participants of the experimental group performed resistance exercises three sessions per week for 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, serum levels of 8-iso PGF2α and 8-OHdG were measured by ELISA method. Correlated and independent t-tests were used to compare intragroup and intergroup means, respectively.
Results: Serum values of 8-iso PGF2α (P=0.007) and 8-OHdG (P=0.013) decreased significantly after 12 weeks of resistance training. Also, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in serum values of 8-iso PGF2α (P=0.009) and 8-OHdG (P=0.02).
Conclusion: It seems that 12 weeks of resistance training reduces the values of oxidative stress (8-iso PGF2α) and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) indicators in older men. Therefore, regular resistance training can play an important role in preventing injuries caused by oxidative stress, especially in old age.