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Showing 8 results for Rehabilitation
Prevalence of Pancreatic insufficiency & FTT in Cystic Fibrosis
M Najafi,
Volume 56, Issue 1 (3-1998)
Abstract

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease that affects multiple organ systems. It is the most common cause of severe progressive lung disease and exocrine panceratic insufficiency. In our investigation 67 patients had CF. Of these, 79% had panceratic insufficiency and 92% had lung disease under 2 years age. Also 67% of patients were < 2 percentile and 28% between 3-10 percentile weight for age. Unfortunately 27% of them died because of respiratory problems


Speech Rehabilitation For 10 Alaryngeal Patients Using Tracheoesophageal Puncture And Prosthesis Insertion In Amir Alam And Imam Khomeini Hospitals 2002-2003
M.t Khorsi Ashtiani, Gh.a Dashti Khavidaki , S.h Samimi Ardestani,
Volume 64, Issue 1 (3-2006)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Total laryngectomy following laryngeal cancer has many sequelae , that loss of voice is the most important of them. Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) and prosthesis insertion has evolved into the most widely used and accepted technique for vocal rehabilitation.

Materials and Methods: 10 patients that underwent TEP in Amir Alam and Imam Khomeini hospitals from Feb. 2002 through Nov. 2003 were included in this study. Prosthesis insertion in 4 patients is primary and in 6 patients is secondary and all patients are men.

Results: The age of patients was between 50 to 70. 90% of patients had history of cigarette smoking and 10% of them had history of drinking alcohol. Salivary leakage was seen in 30% of patients that was improved with conservative management. Fluency of speech in 30% of patients and intelligibility of speech & voice quality in 40% of patients is good.

Conclusion: We could conclude that TEP has less complication & better speech results of other vocal rehabilitation methods. Carefully selection of patients & size of prosthesis has important role in results of TEP.


Survey of post polio syndrome in Tehran
Talebian S, Olyaei Gr, Moosavi Ghomi S,
Volume 67, Issue 1 (4-2009)
Abstract

Background: The long-term effects of poliomyelitis are known in many of countries. In despite of one accrue title for these signs and symptoms there are similarity aspects in patients' problems. In the signs of explained, absence of strength and endurance, musculoskeletal difficulties, respiratory dysfunction, sleep disorders are more generalized. Prevalence of post polio syndrome (PPS) is aim of this study.

Methods: 150 subjects with history of poliomyelitis (80 male and 70 female) in Tehran city contributes in this study and complete question forms.

Results: Muscle pain was reported in 88% of subjects. Thigh muscle weakness was at 42/28%, also muscle spasm indicated at 66%. Recurrent falling of subjects appeared in 74/7%. Early fatigue reported 86%. Above five signs selected for PPS. In this study 85 subjects had four signs of above criteria or 56.66% of subjects had PPS.

Conclusion:  Depended of evaluation and observation there is post polio syndrome in Tehran. Recommended for physical therapy of post polio syndrome attend to stages of progression of this syndrome. In aim to this procedure, physical treatment of these patients must limit to muscle fatigue and also severe physical and exercise activities must be reduce, also some mild aerobic activities without fatigue can be useful.


The effects of "Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy" on fine motor skills in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Abootalebi Sh, Khoshnevisan A, Kohan Ah, Pishyareh E, Rahgozar M,
Volume 68, Issue 2 (5-2010)
Abstract
Background: Constraint-Induced movement therapy (CIMT) is a promising treatment for improving upper limb function in adults after stroke and traumatic brain injury. It involves constraint of the less affected limb and intensive practice with the more affected limb. The purpose of this study on children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) was to evaluate the effects of CIMT on upper extremity and to make a comparison with conventional treatment. Methods: I a randomized clinical trial twelve children (seven females, five males aged between 48 and 72 months with mean±standard deviation of 59.91±9.15mo) were randomly assigned in two groups. An intensive occupational therapy program including five hours per day for 21 consecutive days was performed for all of them, while less affected limbs were placed in sling for immobilization. Before and after intervention, upper extremity function, spasticity, and motor neuron excitation were evaluated by means of peabody developmental motor scales, modified Ashworth scale, and H reflex and H/M ratio, respectively. Results: The children who received CIMT did not improved their ability to use their hemiplegic hand significantly more than the children in the control group (p>0.05). However, reports of caregivers and clinical observations showed increases in more affected limb frequency of use and quality of movement. Conclusion: Results suggest that the use of CIMT needs to more studies and should be considered experimental in children with hemiplegic CP
The effects of aerobic and strength exercises on pulmonary function tests and quality of life in asthmatic patients
Fesharaki M, Omolbanin Paknejad Smj, Kordi R,
Volume 68, Issue 6 (9-2010)
Abstract

Background: Asthma is a major health condition in Iran. This randomized clinical trial was aimed for the comparison of the effects of two exercise protocols (aerobic and aerobic-strength) on the pulmonary indices and quality of life of asthmatic patients.

Methods: The study was conducted in pulmonary ward of Dr Shariati Hospital in Tehran, and Research Center of Exercise Medicine of Tehran in 2009. Fifty six asthmatic patients were selected and after two weeks of education, their spirometric parameters were recorded and the St George's respiratory questionnaire was completed. Then patients were randomly assigned to two groups of A and B. For ten weeks group A did the aerobic-strength exercises and group B did only the aerobic ones at home. At the end, again their spirometric parameters were recorded and the questionnaire was completed. Finally 42 patients completed the study.

Results: After the intervention, FEV1 and FVC but not FEV1/FVC increased in group A. There were no changes in these parameters in group B. In addition, post-intervention FEV1 and FVC were significantly higher in group A than group B. All scores of St George's respiratory questionnaire were significantly improved in both groups but they were not different between them.

Conclusions: Our findings showed that regular aerobic exercises, individually or concomitant with strength exercises, could improve vital signs and quality of life of mild to moderate asthmatic patients. However, only aerobic exercises with strength ones improve spirometric parameters. Therefore, a combination of both aerobic and strength exercises could be considered in treatment protocols of asthmatic patients.


Neuroplasticity and neuromotor synergies in context of rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review
Fariba Yadolahi , Masoud Mehrpour,
Volume 77, Issue 7 (10-2019)
Abstract
Background: Alterations of neuroplasticity and cortical excitability are important pathophysiological factors in stroke. Modulation of the neuroplasticity has been proposed as an underlying mechanism of recovery in different neurological disorders. But it is not still clear how the CNS faces the complexity of muscle control. Neuroplastic processes may be used for the functional improvement of stroke, in particular for improving cortical functions. Neuromotor synergies is one of the most attractive hypotheses in motor control. Emerging evidence suggests that rehabilitation efforts that challenge to maximize the extent of neuroplastic changes can provide the greatest potential for rehabilitation success. A better understanding of the basic mechanisms of neuroplasticity will guide advances in neural repair and rehabilitation. Resolving the relationship of neural plasticity and individual field differences and may also have important clinical utility in developing appropriate neurorehabilitation outcomes and recovery. The objective of the present study was to review evidence of the effect of neuroplasticity on neuromotor synergies in healthy and stroke individuals on rehabilitation programs.
Methods: In the present systematic review study, we investigated the neuroplasticity interventions in stroke individuals. Articles published between January 2005 and January 2017 were reviewed. We searched for five keywords (neuroplasticity, motor learning, muscle synergy, rehabilitation, and stroke) using ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
Results: After initial screening and deleting irrelevant studies, 41 studies were chosen for the analysis. Studies were assessed and analyzed methodologically. Proper interventions were selected according to the least error criteria and outcome. Using a targeted selection approach. During the review process, eight articles were selected as the main articles for the review.
Conclusion: Considering the results of the current study, it seems that the neuroplasticity affects the domain of rehabilitation and muscle synergy in individuals with stroke and provides a desirable environment for plasticity-based intervention aimed at motor learning in this population. Large studies with long follow-ups are needed to explain the beneficial effects of neuroplasticity based training combined with rehabilitation protocols.

Effect of cardiac rehabilitation on endothelial function in smoker patients with ischemic heart disease
Ahmad Reza Assareh , Marzieh Jafarpor, Mohammad Hossein Haghighzadeh, Nehzat Akiash,
Volume 80, Issue 6 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: smoking enhances the risk of cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease. So, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on endothelial function and functional capacity among smoker patients.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 56 non-diabetic smokers with a history of percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft surgery in Imam Khomeini Hospital from May to August 2015. Based on cardiac rehabilitation, patients were divided into intervention and control groups. Before rehabilitation, fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglyceride, and total cholesterol), and Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) were measured for endothelial function. Besides, METs were measured based on the Duke activity status index. After 24 rehabilitation sessions (3 sessions of 1 hour each week for 2 months), all values were checked again and compared with the initial values.
Results: The mean age of the subjects in the cardiac rehabilitation and control groups were 61.18 and 52.32, respectively. Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the ABI variables, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol and FBS; only HDL and  METs showed significant differences. After exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation, the mean rate of ABI changes was +0.078 on the right side of the body and +0.084 on the left side of the body. In the control group, these values were 0.002 and 0.003, respectively (P=0.001). The amount of changes in increasing METs as well as decreasing body mass index (BMI), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the rehabilitation group were statistically significant compared to the control group. In addition, there were no significant differences in terms of FBS and lipid profiles either (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Two months of cardiac rehabilitation with regular exercise was associated with improved ABI as an indicator of endothelial function and prognosis of cardiovascular disease, as well as improved cardiac functional capacity among smoker patients.

The relationship between stroke and physical activity: effects of exercise on prevention and rehabilitation: a review article
Hamid Reza Choobdari , Mohammad Ali Gharaat ,
Volume 81, Issue 10 (1-2024)
Abstract
Stroke is a medical condition in which occluded blood flow to the brain causes cell necrosis. The main types of stroke are ischemic (due to lack of blood flow with much higher prevalence) and hemorrhagic (due to bleeding with low prevalence). Ischemic stroke is caused by the reduction of blood to the brain tissue or complete occlusion of brain vessels by a blood clot following arterial plaques rapture of cerebral arteries due to atherosclerosis, cerebral myocardial infarction and small vascular lesion infarction. Inflammatory reactions, increased oxidative stress, cell death and autophagy are the most aggravating factors in this condition. Instead, hemorrhagic stroke is caused by spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, highly common in men. To prevent the possible causes of stroke, investigators attempted to study about the ways that may decrease the risk factors such as trauma, high arterial hypertension, alcohol, low-density lipoprotein and glycerides, tobacco and drugs. Physical activity is a potent inhibitory factor which reported to be effective in prevention of stroke and post-stroke rehabilitation. Aerobic, combined or strenuous activities protect brain tissue by balancing apoptotic and anti-apoptotic pathways, stimulating angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress, increasing antioxidant activity, optimizing Integrity and preservation of the blood-brain barrier, improving nerve functions and preventing neuronal death. The mechanisms involved in rehabilitation after ischemic stroke with physical activity mostly refer to improved dendrites and synapses, synaptic flexibility, regulation of inotropic receptors with glutamate, increased BDNF, GAP43 and insulin-like growth factor. In patients with cognitive impairments following acute ischemic stroke, high intensity exercise improves processing timing and attention allocation, self-independence, walking ability, aerobic power and reduces memory degradation. Moreover, early start of physical activity after ischemic stroke inhibits the initial physiological response to stroke and prevents optimal recovery. In contrary, reports show positive effects of onset of physical exercise a day after stroke. In hemorrhagic stroke, exercise reduces systolic blood pressure, moderates resting blood pressure via parasympathetic regulations and triggers angiogenesis in the nervous system. Light to moderate or long-term physical training is recommended in comparison to short-term high-intensity training. In addition, early onset of physical activity during recovery after stroke may be beneficial.

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