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Factors Affecting Women's Birth Intervals: The Case of Women Referred to Health Centers in Ahwaz
Roya Choromzadeh, Mohammad Reza Akhound, Abdolrahman Rasekh,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (2-2015)
Abstract

  Background & Aim: Reproductive behavior of a society can be studied in different ways. One of these ways is to check the birth intervals. The aim of the present study was to assess the childbirth along with factors influencing childbirth behavioral patterns in Ahwaz .

  Methods & Materials: In this study , factors affecting birth intervals of women aged 15-49 were investigated . To achieve this goal, given the nature of the birth intervals, the accelerated failure time model was applied. To estimate the parameters of this model, the R statistical software was used . 

  Results: Results indicated that women's educational level , husbands' ethnicity , place of residence , use of contraceptives , age at marriage and pregnancy status were factors significantly influencing first birth interval. Furthermore, women's ethnicity, contraceptive use, number of abortions or stillbirths, pregnancy status , duration of breast feeding and type of childbirth were the most important variables affecting the second birth interval. Also, husband's ethnicity, contraceptive use and duration of breast feeding had significant effects on the third birth interval in this study .

  Conclusion: Comparing the results of this study with those of previous studies shows a recent decline in pregnancy acceleration and an increase in average birth interval. In other words, changes in socio-economic and cultural statuses have caused longer birth intervals and fertility decreases .

  


Effect of ECG drawing assignments on nursing students' learning and perspectives at Qom University of Medical Sciences
Kobra Akhoundzadeh, Sakineh Shafia, Zahra Abedini, Ashraf Khoramirad,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Electrocardiography (ECG) is the most widely utilized diagnostic tool in medicine. However, nursing students often have problems with interpreting ECGs, highlighting the need for revised training methods. This study aimed to assess the effect of ECG drawing assignments on nursing students' learning and their perspectives on this teaching method in the context of a critical care nursing course.
Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental study involved 52 fifth-semester BSc nursing students enrolled in the fall and spring terms at Qom University of Medical Sciences. For the fall group, traditional lectures and Q&A sessions were conducted during the first half of the semester, followed by an assignment requiring students to draw common ECGs in the second half. In contrast, for the spring group, students drew ECGs during the first half of the semester. Learning outcomes were assessed through a written test, while students’ perspectives on the drawing assignments were evaluated using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22, employing Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests to compare groups.
Results: The mean score from the perspective questionnaire regarding ECG drawing was 14.86±3.34 (maximum score of 18). In most cases, students had positive or relatively positive views towards this teaching method. A significant difference was observed between the course exam scores of students when they engaged in drawing ECGs compared to when they did not (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Drawing ECGs can be helpful in enhancing learning outcomes in the critical care nursing course and may increase students’ motivation to learn.

 
The effect of a family-centered empowerment model on the hopefulness of parents with mentally retarded children
Saeideh Mazidi, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Seyed Amir Soltani, Golbahar Akhoundzadeh,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Raising a mentally retarded child imposes significant psychological and economic burdens on families, which can adversely affect their sense of hope. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a family-centered empowerment model on the hopefulness of parents with mentally retarded children.
Methods & Materials: This clinical trial was conducted in 2023 in Aliabad Katol, focusing on parents with mentally retarded children. A total of 48 participants were selected through simple random sampling from a list of these parents and were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted before and after the intervention. The intervention group participated in six family empowerment sessions, while the control group received routine care training. Data were collected using the Schneider's Hope Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, employing univariate analysis of covariance, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results: In the intervention group, the average age of mothers was 36.27±8.07 years, compared to 34.83±5.12 years in the control group. The average age of children was 11.88±2.88 years in the intervention group and 10.16±1.94 years in the control group. No significant difference was observed in the mean hope scores between the intervention and control groups prior to the intervention (P=0.582). However, post-intervention, the mean hope score significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.021). After controlling for pre-test scores, a significant difference emerged between the groups (P<0.001, Eta=0.48), indicating that 48% of the variance in parents' hopefulness scores could be attributed to the effects of the family-centered empowerment model.
Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of the family-centered empowerment model in enhancing parents' hopefulness, as well as the crucial role that parents play in caring for mentally retarded children, this low-cost and effective intervention should be incorporated into programs aimed at supporting and empowering these parents.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20191229045934N1
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