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Effect of Foot Massage on Pre- and Post Hysterectomy Anxiety
Zohre Maryami, Maryam Modarres, Simin Taavoni, Abbas Rahimi Foroushani,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (7-2013)
Abstract

  Background & Aim: Hysterectomy is a common gynecologic surgery leading to great concerns in women. This study aimed to determine the effect of foot massage on anxiety level after hysterectomy.

  Methods & Materials: In this double-group randomized clinical trial, 60 women undergone hysterectomy were selected using convenience sampling method and were randomly allocated into two intervention or control groups. Patients in the intervention group received foot massage three sessions during three consecutive days (every session lasted 20 minutes). In the control group, the researcher was only beside the women for 20 minutes. The Spilberger anxiety questionnaire was used to measure the anxiety level. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test.

  Results: The mean of the anxiety score was not significantly different between the two groups before the intervention (P=0.21). After the intervention, there was significant difference between the two groups in the anxiety scores (P<0.001). There was also significant difference between the two groups in the anxiety scores one week after the surgery (P<0.001).

  Conclusion: Foot massage can reduce anxiety in patients who underwent hysterectomy.


The effect of e-learning on childbearing tendency in childless and single-child women: An experimental study
Zohre Maryami, Shahla Faal Siahkal, Razieh Peighambardoost,
Volume 32, Issue 1 (4-2026)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Fertility is one of the most important phenomena determining population changes and fluctuations. Therefore, considering the population decline in the world, including in Iran, this study aimed to determine the effect of e-learning on childbearing tendency in childless and single-child women.
Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, two-stage random sampling was performed on 128 childbearing-age women without children or with only one child (64 in the intervention group and 64 in the control group) from four health centers in Marand County in 2023–2024. The intervention group received e-learning in four sessions (one session per week) remotely via the Eitaa messenger. The control group received routine care. Childbearing tendency before and after the intervention was evaluated in both groups using Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests in SPSS version 24.
Results: The median scores of childbearing tendency in the intervention group before the intervention were 59.0 (range: 52.5-64.5) and one month after e-learning were 68.5 (range: 62.0-73.0). In the control group, the median scores were 64.0 (range: 58.0-69.0) before and 64.5 (range: 58.0-69.0) after the intervention. Statistical tests showed a significant improvement in childbearing tendency after the training (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The improvement in childbearing tendency resulting from e-learning can help enhance women's inclination toward childbearing.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20190826044621N2
 
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