Fear is an undesirable feeling which most of the time results in physiological changes and can affect on the cardiovascular function of the patient. This research is a cross-sectional descriptive study that describes the congruency opinions between 91 patients /nurses about the reasons for patients’ fear related to coronary angiography in two affiliated hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The tools which were used included: questionnaire for study and recognition of patient and nurses demographic characteristics, a check list containing thirty probable reasons for patients’ fear which were filled out by patients and nurses, and a scale for analysis of the reasons for fear which were filled out by patients, descriptive statistics indicators, sign test, and t-test were applied in order to analyze the data, by SPSS software. The results showed that patients’ and nurses’ ideas about the reasons for fear before angiography are similar in two cases and only in one case after the operation. Among the thirty probable reasons which were mentioned for patients’ fear, seventeen cases caused less fear after angiography and two cases caused more fear after that. In the comparison between the intensity of fear caused by other reasons no insignificant result was observed. The comparison of intensity of fear showed that the intensity of patients’ fear after angiography is less than before (p= 0.005). According to these cases it may be concluded that because of the different reasons for patients’ fear concerning angiography, nurses need to pay more attention to patients’ fear. It is also suggested that an assessment tool be used in order to assess issues relating to patients, level of care and training related to coronary angiography.
Introduction: In hypertensive patients M position (sitting, right arm at the level of heart and both plantar surface of foots on the floor) is the standard position for measurment of blood pressure since it reveals the “true” pressure. Materials and
Methods: It is a quaziexperimental study that compares effect of different positions of limbs on blood pressure of hypertensive patients. The sample size was consisted of 100 hypertensive patients. A questionnaire and a check list for systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the patients in different positions were used. One researcher collected all of the data. At first demographic data, weight and hight were recorded. After 5 minutes in sitting position in 3 different comparing positions, M (sitting, right arm at the level of heart and both plantar surface of foots on the floor), A (sitting, right arm hanging beside the body and both plantar surface of foots on the floor) and B (sitting, right arm hanging beside the body and right foot on the left knee), blood pressure was measured and recorded. The study methods included interview and physiologic measurement. The paired t-test for related measure was applied in order to analyse the data.
Results: The results showed that the difference of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in “A & M”, “B & M” and “B & A” positions was significant (paired t test, p<0.0001) and the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in “A” position was more than “M” position, “B” position was more than “M” position and “B” position was more than “A” position.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, “B” position has the greatest effect and “M” position has the lowest effect on increasing the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. This research indicated that attention to the limbs position during the measurement of blood pressure is very important.
Introduction: To reduce the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, patients are emphasized on following the exact prescription order of their antihypertensive and other cardio vascular medications.
Materials and Methods: The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to medication compliance in patients with coronary heart disease. A descriptive analytical study was designed and a total of 150 patients with coronary heart disease were chosen with convenience sampling among patients in one of the cardiovascular clinics affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The instrument included a questionnaire for the demographic data, side effects of the drugs, physical condition, level of cognition and self-reporting of the patients about medication non-compliance A questionnaire which was about attitude evaluation A data evaluation form to calculate the rate of medication compliance Biophysiologic measurments and finally, available documents. The data were collected in two consecutive steps: at the first appointment, the questionnaires were filled. At the second appointment (1 month later) medication compliance rates which was based on counting of pills, were calculated.
Results: The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Fisher’ exact test and Tchoprof coefficient. Only 28% of the patients had met the drug regimens appropriately but 56% of them had a poor record. There was a meaningful relationship between the self – reporting of the patients and counting of the pills (p value<0.005). In addition, some factors such as age, education, occupation, teaching and its sources, duration of acquiring the cardiac disease, number of hospitalization and level of cognition of patients under investigation were assessed as effective elements to use the pills properly.
Conclusion: No meaningful relationship was found between sex, marital status, parenthood status, living arrangement, health insurance situation, health personnel availability, positive family history of cardiac disease, co-existence of another disease, difficulty in providing of the drugs, side effects of the drugs, physical condition and attitude and medication compliance. In conclusion, by providing some educational programs about drug regimens, based on the level of cognition, experiences, capabilities, and also the living style of the patients, medication compliance can be improved.
Introduction: Massage of the limbs is a safe procedure that could have therapeutic effects and cause physical and psychological relaxation of patients in intensive care unit (ICU).
Materials and Methods: This survey is a quaziexperimental study that assessas immediate effects of foot massage on patient’s vital signs in a general ICU. After a pilot study, a sample size of 50 patients was chosen. A questionnaire about demographic data and a 3-table checklist for recording vital signs (heart rate, peripheral O2 saturation and mean arterial pressure) was used. The data gathered by interview and physiologic measurement. For every patient, vital signs were recorded every 1 minute interval for 5 minutes (after completing the demographic data). Then foot massage was applied for five minutes and during the massage patients’ vital signs recorded every minute. Immediately the patients’ vital sings were recorded every minute for five minutes. The mean of each parameter was calculated and compared the values at baseline, during massage, and after massage.
Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between mean heart rate, mean arterial pressure and mean spO2 before and during foot massage (p<0.0001). Difference between mean heart rate, mean spO2 and mean arterial pressure during and after foot massage was not significant but, deference of mean heart rate and mean arterial pressure before and after massage was significant (p< 0.0001). Difference of mean spO2 before and after massage was also significant (p<0.003).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, foot massage has a potential beneficial effect on patients vital signs and last at least for 5 minutes. This effect could be due to increasing relaxation which moderates the changes of vital signs, caused by stress.
Introduction: Evaluation of health care services is an essential step in improving health care quality and without it such an improvement could not be achieved.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, parent’s satisfaction of child’s health care in the health and treatment centers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences was evaluated. Four hundred parents who had attended 25 health and treatment centers were participated in this research. A questionnaire was completed through the interview with parents of 1 to 12 months old children. Analytical and descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of data.
Results: The finding of this study showed that the majority of parents had average levels of satisfaction concerning communication’s skills of health care providers and high levels of satisfaction about availability of these cares. Satisfaction of parents in the section of the vaccination was high and majority of samples had average levels of satisfaction about growth monitoring of children. There was a relationship between infant&aposs age and parent’s satisfaction.
Conclusion: Based on these findings recommendations have been made for future research. The findings of this study can be utilized in public health planning in order to improve the quality of the infant’s health care services.
Introduction: A variety of maladies, sometimes disabling, beset many ovulatory women in a recurrent manner during the luteal phase of each ovarian cycle. These problems can deteriorate interpersonal relationships and/or interfere with normal activities of life. Present research was performed to evaluate effects of hypericum perforatum for treatment of physical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group compassion study performed over two menstrual cycles on student of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Tehran University. Volunteers underwent a preliminary screening interview, completed Beck questionnaire as a screening test for depression and attended a medical screening visit before being diagnosed as having premenstrual syndrome. Participants administrated hypericum or placebo, 30 drops BD, for two complete cycles. Premenstrual symptoms were evaluated by a daily symptom report form. Data analysis performed by Chi square, Fisher exact, Wilcoxon and t tests.
Results: Premenstrual daily hypericum caused a significant improvement in mean daily score of severity of premenstrual problems compared to placebo (p<0.05). Premenstrual administration of hypericum, 30 drop BD, showed significant advantage over placebo for physical disorders (%49, p=000).
Conclusion: Daily premenstrual administration of hypericum perforatum treats physical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. It seems that hypericum perforatum can improve symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Introduction: Gathering information about quality of life is an essential step in designing more effective treatments and also helps developing better supportive and rehabilitation programs.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional to investigate the relation between cancer characteristics and quality of life in patients under chemotherapy, 200 patients with different types of cancers were selected by simple sampling method. The data were collected through interview, reviewing patients’ files and patients’ self-reports. The data were collected by a questionnaire consisted of three parts: part one, demographic characteristics part two, questions about cancer type, stage and duration, pain, acceptance or refusal of cancer by patient, decrease or loss of organs’ function and degree of fatigue, and part three, designed to investigate different aspects of quality of life, including questions about general appearance, physical activity, occupational status, social function and sleep. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used.
Results: The results showed that quality of life in majority of the subjects (66%) was moderate. There was a meaningful relationship between some of cancer characteristics like type of cancer (p=0.007), intensity of pain (p=0.007), decrease or loss of organs’ function (p=0.001) and degree of fatigue (p=0.0) with quality of life, but there was no meaningful correlation between acceptance or refusal of disease, duration of disease from diagnosis time and stage of cancer with quality of life.
Conclusion: It seems that there is a relationship between some cancer characteristics and quality of life. Attention must be paid to these aspects to improve quality of life in cancer patients.
Introduction: Caring is the essence of nursing and medication process is an important part of nursing related interventions in the health care systems. Medical and/or nursing errors can lead to severe problems for both patients and nursing system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ethical practice in medication process among nurses working in selected hospitals related to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Method: This study is a descriptive–analytic research. Samples of the study were 305 nurses employed in adult units of selected hospitals. The research data gathering tools were a checklist and a questionnaire. Questionnaire included questions about demographic data and errors in medication process. Checklist included 17 questions related to expected behaviors regarded medication process. The researcher first completed the questionnaire and then the checklist was completed on two separate occasions at least 15 days apart. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics such as Chi square, Fisher exact test and Pearson correlation coefficients.
Results: The majority of subjects were 26-35 years old, female and single. About half of nurses (49.6%) had undesirable performance in process of medication. Ethical practice had a significant correlation with type of ward (p=0.005), the mean number of occupied beds in a week (p=0.000), number of co-workers in the shift (p=0.001), educating (p=0.037), satisfaction with place of work (p=0.0043) and technical possibilities in the ward (p=0.029).
Conclusion: According to the results, the majority of nurses had an undesirable performance in medication process. It is suggested that managers, program planners and nursing teachers pay more attention to ethical practice in medication process in order to enhance performance of nurses in this field.
Introduction: It is necessary to understand that psychological reactions after a natural disaster are as complex as disaster itself. Following a catastrophic earthquake like Bam’s, such reactions can be seen in nursing team members as well.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive cross sectional analytic research, conducted with cooperation of Japanese Nursing Association to identify somatic and psychological problems of nursing team members of Bam. A total of 92 members of nursing team affiliated to healthcare centers of Bam were studied. Data collection tools were 2 questionnaires first for evaluating demographic characteristics and general health and second- questionnaire of Goldberg and Williams- for evaluation of four domains of psychosomatic problems, anxiety and insomnia, psychosocial functioning and severe depression. Each domain contained seven questions, each scored from 0 to 3 based on Likert score. Complete score of general health was 0-84. Scores were classified in four groups: 0-20 as optimal, 21-4 as approximately optimal, 41-6 as approximately suboptimal and 61 and higher as suboptimal.
Results: One year after the earthquake, evaluation of general health of nursing team members showed 30.3% of subjects had optimal psychosomatic status, 34.8% had moderate problems of anxiety and insomnia, 40.2% had approximately optimal psychosocial functioning and 44.2% of subjects were not severely depressed. Overall, 38.4% of nursing team members had approximately optimal general health.
Conclusion: This study showed that following a catastrophic earthquake, most of the victims suffer from several psychological and somatic reactions. In addition to on time rescue procedures, other important allaying factors are cultural and religious values and believing in God.
Introduction: Self-burning is a cruel method of suicide and prevention is the most effective way to decrease its morbidity and mortality.
Material and Methods: This investigation is a descriptive prospective study performed at Shahid Motahari Burn Center, Tehran, Iran from December 2001 to December 2002. Inclusion criteria included being female, married, having no history of medical and mental disorders and admission of self-burning. Data were collected by a questionnaire and interviews and were analyzed with descriptive statistics methods and chi-square test.
Results: A total of 35 cases entered our study. The mean age of patients was 24.573.94 years and 48.6% of cases were in the 21-25 year age group, 80% had primary school education, 97.1% were housekeeper and 68.8% had low economical status. There were statistically significant differences in all of these variables. In 42.9% self-burning had happened at 12-18 hour period and in 45.7% it had occurred at yard. Kerosene had been used by 91.4% of the women as the burning agent 94.3% of the women had experienced husband’s violence (verbal and physical), 60% of the women stated that their husbands were guilty in their action and 91.4% of the women didn’t know any supportive sources in the society. The mortality rate was 100%.
Conclusion: This research showed that family violence and marital problems are the most important causes of self-burning in the married women. Because of close relationship to families, community health nurses can prevent self-burning in married women by detecting and eliminating these risk factors.
Background & Aim: In order to present any level of education and care of children by nurses, there is need to be a strong and favorite interrelationship between parents and their children. Background of this relationship must be recognized in texture of family (parental control) and regard to the duty of nurses continuance of family relationship is necessary. At the same time it must be adopted policies to compatible with child mentality and help to reduce his/her anxiety.
Methods & Materials: This study is a descriptive correlation research to determine association between patterns of parental style of control with adolescents anxiety, it performed in Ten schools in Tehran in this research data have been collected with two questionnaire for (student, parents) the samples was consisted 370 students (13 to 15 years) and their parents, these instrument consisted demographic characteristics (for student and parents), Physiological indicator anxiety (for parent), and Reynolds and Richmond anxiety test for students. The data were the Analyzed by (SPSS) computer software.
Results: Result show that Anxiety in the student was 33% and Anxiety 7.6% and student have been Authoritarian parents had high score of Anxiety 92%. This finding shows a significant correlation between Anxiety and parental style of control (p<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the finding parent style control has important role in mental health of children. School nurses can important role in education of best style control of parenting with adolescents and decries of Anxiety from it.
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