Showing 771 results for Type of Study: Research
Ehsan Aghajanzadeh Omrani, Flora Rahimaghaee, Ameneh Khalatbari,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Rumination is a prevalent issue among medical science students, potentially affecting their academic performance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Mandala therapy in reducing rumination among medical science students at the Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon branch.
Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. A total of 40 medical students from the Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon branch, who exhibited signs of rumination participated in the study in 2023. Participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (20 participants) or the control group (20 participants). The intervention consisted of four 60-minute sessions of Mandala therapy. Data were collected using the Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow's rumination questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed using SPSS version 26 to analyze the data.
Results: Demographic analysis indicated no significant differences between the experimental and control groups concerning gender, age, or semester (P<0.001). The ANCOVA results revealed that the Mandala Therapy intervention significantly reduced the rumination scores of the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.005).
Conclusion: The results suggest that rumination levels in the experimental group decreased significantly following the intervention compared to the control group. Therefore, Mandala therapy may serve as an effective non-pharmacological approach for mitigating rumination among medical science students.
Javad Malekzadeh, Mahsa Quchani, Ahmad Bagheri Moghadam, Tahereh Sadeghi, Mohammad Rajabpour,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: With advancements in treatment and an increase in the prevalence of diseases, the number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation in intensive care units (ICUs) continues to rise each year. The ABCDE bundle is a multi-component, evidence-based approach designed to improve patient outcomes in the ICU. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ABCDE bundle on the risk of pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis and delirium in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
Methods & Materials: This randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted between September 2021 and January 2022. The sample included 100 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the ICU department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, who were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group using block randomization. The intervention group received the ABCDE bundle over a period of 7 days. The control group received routine care. The criteria for assessing complications included the risk of pressure ulcers and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), evaluated at the end of the intervention and on days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7. The study utilized several assessment tools: the COMHON Index for pressure ulcers, the Wells Deep Vein Thrombosis Scale, and the Delirium Evaluation Tool in the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20, employing chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and independent t-tests.
Results: A decrease in the average pressure ulcer risk score was observed in the intervention group on day seven (P<0.05). In this group, the incidence of delirium fell decreased from 64.4% to 13.3% (P<0.05), indicating a statistically significant reduction. Additionally, the risk score for deep vein thrombosis in the control group significantly increased on day seven compared to the intervention group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The use of the ABCDE bundle significantly reduces the risk of pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, and delirium in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation and represents an effective strategy that can be implemented by nurses and other trained healthcare professionals.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20190625044000N1
Kobra Akhoundzadeh, Sakineh Shafia, Zahra Abedini, Ashraf Khoramirad,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Electrocardiography (ECG) is the most widely utilized diagnostic tool in medicine. However, nursing students often have problems with interpreting ECGs, highlighting the need for revised training methods. This study aimed to assess the effect of ECG drawing assignments on nursing students' learning and their perspectives on this teaching method in the context of a critical care nursing course.
Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental study involved 52 fifth-semester BSc nursing students enrolled in the fall and spring terms at Qom University of Medical Sciences. For the fall group, traditional lectures and Q&A sessions were conducted during the first half of the semester, followed by an assignment requiring students to draw common ECGs in the second half. In contrast, for the spring group, students drew ECGs during the first half of the semester. Learning outcomes were assessed through a written test, while students’ perspectives on the drawing assignments were evaluated using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22, employing Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests to compare groups.
Results: The mean score from the perspective questionnaire regarding ECG drawing was 14.86±3.34 (maximum score of 18). In most cases, students had positive or relatively positive views towards this teaching method. A significant difference was observed between the course exam scores of students when they engaged in drawing ECGs compared to when they did not (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Drawing ECGs can be helpful in enhancing learning outcomes in the critical care nursing course and may increase students’ motivation to learn.
Khodayar Oshvandi, Armin Mohamadiparsa, Zahra Khalili, Leili Tapak, Massoud Ghiasian,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Hypotension is a common complication associated with plasmapheresis. Elevating the legs and using elastic stockings are nursing interventions aimed at preventing hypotension. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of elastic stockings and leg elevation on the prevention of hypotension during plasmapheresis.
Methods & Materials: This randomized crossover clinical trial was conducted on 35 patients undergoing plasmapheresis at Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan from 2020 to 2021. Patients were selected based on convenience sampling and then allocated to four different methods in four sessions using random permuted block designs: elastic stockings (A), leg elevation (B), a combination of elastic stockings and leg elevation (C), and a control group (D). Blood pressure was monitored before, during (every half hour), and half an hour after the completion of plasmapheresis. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24, applying repeated measures ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: During plasmapheresis, systolic blood pressure decreased over time in all four methods (P<0.001). Blood pressure measurements in intervention methods A, B, and C were higher than in the control group (P<0.001). Among the intervention methods, blood pressure in method C was higher than in methods A and B, while method B was higher than method A (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The use of elastic stockings in combination with leg elevation is more effective in preventing hypotension. Therefore, it is recommended as an easy and cost-effective method for preventing hypotension in patients undergoing plasmapheresis and for nursing staff to implement.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20191020045166N1
Rasool Solaimani Moghaddam, Fatemeh Samiei, Tahereh Baloochi Beydokhti,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Nurses, due to the demands of their profession, are frequently exposed to high-stress clinical situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which can lead to moral distress and affect their resilience, ultimately contributing to job burnout. This study aims to investigate the relationship between moral distress, resilience, and burnout among nurses.
Methods & Materials: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 188 nurses working in hospitals affiliated with the Birjand University of Medical Sciences during the years 2021-2022 were selected through simple random sampling. The data collection tools included demographic information, the Moral Distress Scale, the Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software version 21.
Results: The results indicated that the nurses experienced low moral distress (30.28±12.59), high resilience (63.70±13.44), and high levels of burnout (54.98±12.30). A direct and significant relationship was found between moral distress and burnout, while a weak and significant inverse relationship was observed between moral distress and resilience (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Given the significant relationship between moral distress, resilience, and burnout, it is recommended that policymakers develop strategies to enhance resilience, which could lead to a reduction in moral distress and burnout among nurses.
Khadijeh Kalanfarmanfarma, Esmaeil Fakharian, Mojtaba Sehat, Faezeh Asgari Tarazoj, Soudabeh Yarmohammadi,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Osteoporosis is a common condition in the elderly, contributing to fracture incidence and associated pain. This study aims to analyze trends in osteoporosis-related fractures within the elderly population from 2017 to 2021.
Methods & Materials: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 involving 448 elderly people over 60 who experienced pelvic, hip, distal hand, or spinal injuries during 2017-2021 in Kashan. Data were extracted from the National Trauma Registry of Iran, including demographic information, injury severity, and frequency of fractures. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and chi-square tests, with a significance level set at P<0.05.
Results: Among the 448 participants, 244 were female (54.5%), with an average age exceeding 75 years among those diagnosed with osteoporosis. The most common fracture types included hip and pelvic fractures, affecting 331 individuals (73.9%), followed by distal hand fractures in 71 individuals (15.8%), and spinal fractures in 65 individuals (14.5%). The average injury severity score increased from 8.43±2.80 in 2017 to 8.96±2.77 in 2021. No significant changes were observed in the age distribution of the elderly population during this period; however, the proportion of males increased by approximately 6%.
Conclusion: The study results indicate a rising trend in hip fractures among the elderly in Kashan. To reduce fracture incidence, it is recommended to implement proactive screening for osteoporosis risk factors in this population.
Arghavan Afra, Noorollah Tahery, Shima Seneysel Bachari, Masoud Torabpour Toroghi,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Modern professional nursing necessitates the use of information technology to facilitate clinical decision-making and obtain optimal patient care outcomes. The aim of this study was to conduct a psychometric evaluation and adapt the Nursing Informatics Competency Self-Assessment tool for use in Iran.
Methods & Materials: The present research employed a descriptive and methodological design. Initially, the original tool was translated into Persian following a standardized procedure. Subsequent assessments of face and content validity were conducted through expert reviews and the calculation of the content validity index. Reliability was evaluated using both Cronbach's alpha and test-retest methods, including the calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient. Data analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis on a convenience sample of 300 nursing students from the School of Nursing and Midwifery at Abadan University of Medical Sciences, utilizing SPSS version 22 and LISREL version 8.8.
Results: The content validity index for all items exceeded the standard threshold of 0.79, indicating satisfactory validity scores for each item. The final version of the tool demonstrated acceptable reliability with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.898 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.893. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the fitness of a five-factor structure for the Persian version of the tool. Standardized factor loadings showed a good fit and satisfactory construct validity for the tool within the Iranian context.
Conclusion: The Persian version of the Nursing Informatics Competency Self-Assessment Tool exhibits acceptable psychometric properties within the Iranian nursing population and is recommended for use as a credible instrument in nursing practice.
Fatemeh Bahramnezhad, Mahdi Shafiee Sabet, Nahid Dehghan Nayeri,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
As explained in the first part, the acquisition of firsthand experiences is an essential element of qualitative research for uncovering and enriching study findings. However, individuals with cognitive disorders are often excluded due to various challenges. In these cases, researchers may rely on caregivers or close associates to understand their feelings and views. This approach not only reduces these individuals to mere objects but also presents ethical dilemmas, thereby impacting the depth and richness of study findings (1). Given that the methods of data collection significantly impacts the results of studies (2), it is imperative for qualitative researchers to strive towards directly gathering information from the individuals themselves. Understanding the experiences of people with cognitive impairments is crucial for providing evidence-based services. However, these patients often encounter challenges such as speech difficulties (3), ‘pseudo-reminiscences’ (4-6), mood fluctuations and behavioral problems (7), and other issues. Therefore, researchers should take into consideration certain factors when conducting interviews with these individuals as in-depth interviews aim to gain a deeper understanding of participants' life experiences (8,9). These interviews require specialized skills across various stages, encompassing the development of interview guides, participant recruitment, obtaining consent, conducting effective interviews, data analysis and interpretation, and proficient communication and dissemination of research findings. This section delves into the key aspects of each of these phases. During interviews, it is important to prioritize the well-being of both the researcher and the participant while reflecting on and ensuring the depth and richness of the interview content (6).
Zahra Fotokian, Sobhan Rahimi Esbo, Zahra Jannat Alipour, Ali Pourhabib, Fatemeh Ghaffari, Mojtaba Qanbari Qalesari, Shahrbanoo Keyhanian, Mohsen Vakili Sadeghi,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Post-treatment follow-up care for breast cancer is crucial in reducing mortality rates, minimizing treatment costs, and enhancing patients' quality of life. This study aims to identify the psychosocial factors affecting post-treatment follow-up care in breast cancer patients.
Methods & Materials: This descriptive-analytical study involved 180 breast cancer patients from Babol and other cities of western Mazandaran province. Participants were selected using a simple random sampling method between 2021 and 2022. Data were collected through personal information questionnaires, the Zigmond Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Psychological Distress Thermometer, the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Scale, and a post-treatment breast cancer follow-up care checklist. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 18, employing descriptive and inferential statistical methods.
Results: The average age of the participants was 51.49 years (SD=12.01). The mean and standard deviation scores for depression, anxiety, and psychological distress were 6.16±2.71, 10.70±4.13, and 5.98±2.54, respectively. The results showed that individuals with higher levels of anxiety, depression, psychological distress, and fear of recurrence are less likely to engage in follow-up care (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results suggest that health policymakers should address the psychological challenges faced by breast cancer patients. Specifically, providing insurance coverage for the screening and treatment of mental health problems may improve mental well-being, encourage self-care behaviors, and promote overall health.
Fatemeh Torabi, Nezal Azh, Reza Zeighami, Mehdi Ranjbaran,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Adolescence is characterized by social, emotional, and physical development, during which aggression emerges as a significant psychological risk factor. This study was designed to compare the effects of puberty counseling for mothers and adolescents on the aggression levels of female adolescents.
Methods & Materials: This field trial was conducted with 92 participants divided into three groups: two intervention groups (mothers and adolescents) and one control group. The study was carried out in schools in Qazvin in 2023, with data collected before and after the intervention. Sampling was conducted using a multi-stage random sampling method, and participants were randomly allocated into three groups across six blocks. Each intervention group attended six one-hour face-to-face sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Novaco Aggression Questionnaire and analyzed with multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS software version 25.
Results: The mean aggression scores before the intervention were 50.10±21.68 for the girls’ group, 57.10±93.32 for the mothers’ group, and 54.56±10.61 for the control group (P=0.018). After the intervention, the scores were 37.68±10.16 for the girls’ group, 43.14±76.66 for the mothers’ group, and 49.60±16.11 for the control group, showing a statistically significant difference (P=0.014). Additionally, the intervention had a significant overall effect on reducing the total aggression score (P=0.020), with an effect size estimated at 0.09 based on Partial Eta Squared.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that puberty education for mothers, as well as for adolescents, can effectively reduce aggression levels in female adolescents.
Amir Musarezaie, Mohammad Javad Tarrahi, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Sedigheh Farzi, Tahere Momeni-Ghale Ghasemi, Amir Hossein Saeidi, Maryam Sadat Shahshahani,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: The evidence shows that prehypertension is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. This study aims to determine the effect of lavender inhalation aromatherapy on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP & DBP) in people with prehypertension in Isfahan.
Methods & Materials: This two-group quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2023, involving 70 prehypertensive patients selected from comprehensive health service centers in Isfahan. Participants were selected through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The intervention included inhalation aromatherapy using two drops of 100% pure lavender essential oil for 20 minutes in a single session. Blood pressure measurements were taken before, immediately after, and 10 and 20 minutes post-intervention under standardized conditions. The control group received routine health center training. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26, employing descriptive and inferential statistics, including repeated measures analysis of variance (RMA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results: The results of the RMA indicated a significant interaction between time and group for both SBP (P<0.001) and DBP (P<0.001). Also, the intergroup effect for SBP was significant (P<0.001), demonstrating that the intervention group experienced a significantly greater reduction in average SBP compared to the control group. Intra-group analysis revealed a significant decrease in SBP before and after aromatherapy in the intervention group (P<0.001). In contrast, the control group did not show a significant change (P=0.068). Unlike SBP, the intergroup analysis for DBP did not yield significant results (P=0.141).
Conclusion: Considering the rising trend of high blood pressure and its widespread complications, along with the positive effects of aromatherapy as a cost-effective and accessible intervention, lavender inhalation aromatherapy is recommended as a complementary treatment strategy in conjunction with other methods.
Faeze Mohammadi, Sakineh Taherkhani, Maryam Zamanian, Elaheh Elahy,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background & Aim: The coping strategies employed by women in facing violence can influence the frequency and intensity of violence or related stress. Life skills training may serve as a way for improving these coping strategies. This study aims to determine the effect of life skills group counseling, using a cognitive-behavioral approach, on the coping strategies of abused women.
Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental study involved 120 abused women who attended health centers affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2022. Participants were assigned to an intervention group or a control group (60 people each). The intervention group participated in eight group counseling sessions focused on life skills training through a cognitive-behavioral approach. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Conflict Tactics Scale, and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Coping strategies were assessed at the end of the intervention and again 12 weeks later. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted to analyze the data.
Results: The intervention led to a significant increase in mean scores for the subscales “distancing” (P<0.001), “planning” (P<0.001), “seeking social support” (P=0.002), and “problem-solving” (P<0.001) in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conversely, there was a significant reduction in the mean score for the “wishful thinking” subscale (P<0.001). The most substantial effect of the intervention was observed in the “planning” subscale, while the “seeking social support” subscale exhibited the least effect. Specifically, the mean±standard deviation scores for the “planning” subscale in the intervention group were 8.95±3.61 pre-test and 14.82±2.40 post-test. For the “seeking social support” subscale, the scores were 5.28±3.21 pre-test and 7.03±1.77 post-test.
Conclusion: Life skills group counseling, utilizing a cognitive-behavioral approach, significantly increased the adoption of coping strategies, such as distancing, planning, seeking social support, and problem-solving, while reducing reliance on wishful thinking among abused women. Therefore, this method can serve as a means to promote coping strategies for abused women.
Maryam Taheri, Marziyeh Asadizaker, Simin Jahani, Mohammad Hosein Haghighizadeh, Mina Rezaei,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Patients with heart failure often experience inadequate self-care and diminished quality of life, leading to significant constraints in their daily personal and social activities. This study aims to evaluate the effect of individually designed energy conservation training on enhancing self-care capabilities and improving the quality of life for patients with heart failure.
Methods & Materials: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 2022 to May 2023 and involved 60 heart failure patients in the CCU and cardiology ward, as well as cardiovascular clinic at Shahid Madani and Shohadai Ashayer Hospital in Khorramabad, Lorestan. Based on established inclusion criteria, participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=30) or the control group (n=30). The intervention group received individually designed training in four sessions, each lasting 30 minutes, spaced over three weeks (total duration of nine weeks). In contrast, the control group received standard nursing education upon discharge. Participants completed the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire both prior to the intervention and at the tenth week post-intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24, employing the Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, independent t-test, and chi-square tests.
Results: After the intervention, the intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in mean scores for self-care and quality of life compared to the control group (P<0.001). These findings indicate an enhancement in self-care practices and an improvement in the quality of life.
Conclusion: Individually designed energy conservation training effectively improves self-care and quality of life in patients with heart failure. Therefore, using this complication-free, non-pharmacological approach can be beneficial for this patient population.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20220612055150N1
Tahere Momeni-Ghale Ghasemi, Amir Musarezaie, Shahnaz Alikhah, Amir Hossein Saeidi,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Postoperative pain, anxiety and sleep disturbances are common among patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, often leading to increased physical complications and substantial healthcare costs. Given the rising interest in non-pharmacological methods such as aromatherapy, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of lavender inhalation aromatherapy in alleviating pain, anxiety and enhancing sleep quality in patients post-orthopedic surgery.
Methods & Materials: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2022 at a trauma center in Isfahan, involving 80 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Eligible patients were recruited through consecutive sampling and were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=40) or the control group (n=40). The intervention included inhalation of 100% pure lavender essential oil over a period of three days, while the control group received standard postoperative care. The study employed the Standard Spielberger anxiety questionnaires, the St. Marry’s Hospital Sleep Questionnaire (SMHSQ), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for data collection. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests, independent t-tests, chi-square tests, and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance, utilizing SPSS software version 26.
Results: Post-intervention analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the average scores of anxiety and sleep quality between the intervention and control groups (P<0.001). Additionally, the average pain scores exhibited significant differences at all time points across both groups (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The findings show that lavender aromatherapy significantly reduces pain and anxiety while improving sleep quality in patients following orthopedic surgery. Given these positive effects, the integration of this cost-effective and easily accessible intervention is recommended as a complementary treatment, alongside conventional methods.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20111002007692N3
Najmeh Khakshour Moghadam, Fatemeh Rezaee, Behrouz Golmohammadi,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Aging is often accompanied by a decline in cognitive and motor performance. Various interventions have been proposed to improve cognitive function and balance, with recent approaches focusing on cognitive-motor training methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of body percussion rhythmic exercises on the balance and cognitive flexibility of the elderly.
Methods & Materials: This clinical trial utilized a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The study population comprised healthy male seniors from a neighborhood hall, a center for the elderly in Kashmir, during 2022-2023. A total of 60 elderly men, aged 60 to 75 years, were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group, with each consisting of 30 participants. Data were collected using the Sharpened-Romberg test, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The intervention group participated in 36 sessions of rhythmic body percussion exercises based on the BAPNE method, while the control group continued with their regular daily activities. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) in SPSS version 19.
Results: The results showed that rhythmic body percussion exercises significantly enhanced static balance (F=232.31, ƞ2=0.83, P=0.004), dynamic balance (F=359.68, ƞ2=0.86, P=0.002), cognitive flexibility (the number of categories achieved) (F=11.45, ƞ2=0.16, P=0.001) and preservatives errors (F=108.77, ƞ 2=0.65, P=0.001) in the elderly.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that rhythmic body percussion exercises improve both balance and cognitive flexibility in the elderly. Therefore, these cognitive-motor exercises are recommended for the elderly population.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20220704055369N1
Mobarakeh Abbasi Firoozjah, Zahra Fotokian, Abbas Shamsalinia,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Anxiety is a significant psychological concern for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Orlando's nursing theory offers a framework for nursing interventions to mitigate this anxiety. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nursing intervention based on Orlando's theory on the level of situational anxiety in patients undergoing CABG.
Methods & Materials: This clinical trial was conducted in 2023 at Fatemeh-Zahra Hospital in Sari. A convenience sample of 70 patients scheduled for CABG was recruited and randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n=35) or a control group (n=35). The intervention group received nursing care based on Orlando's theory the evening before surgery, in addition to standard care. The control group received only standard care. Situational anxiety was measured using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (assessing situational anxiety) before the intervention and again on the morning of the surgery. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test, independent t-tests, and paired t-tests in SPSS version 21.
Results: Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in mean situational anxiety scores between the intervention and control groups (t=1.31, P=0.196). However, following the intervention, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (49.29±5.29 vs 59.08±6.52; P<0.001). Specifically, the intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in situational anxiety compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The results suggest that a nursing intervention based on Orlando's theory can effectively reduce situational anxiety in patients undergoing CABG. Therefore, it is suggested that nursing managers consider implementing educational programs based on this model to address situational anxiety in CABG patients.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20230528058319N1
Mohammadreza Shamshiri, Mahbobeh Sajadi, Sharareh Khosravi, Fatemeh Rafiei,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Children are a particularly vulnerable group, and mothers' knowledge and awareness play a crucial role in fostering their developmental progress. Insufficient knowledge of the cognitive, emotional, and social aspects of child development may lead to a decrease in parental self-efficacy. This study aims to investigate the effect of a family-centered empowerment model on mothers' self-efficacy regarding the growth and development of toddlers.
Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022 at Amir Kabir Hospital in Arak. A total of 72 mothers of hospitalized toddlers were selected and randomly assigned to either a control group (n=36) or an intervention group (n=36) through block randomization. The control group received standard hospital care, while the intervention group participated in a five-session, family-centered empowerment model program, with each session lasting 60 minutes. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires and parenting self-efficacy assessments, administered before the intervention, immediately after, and one month post-intervention. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, incorporating both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The results showed that the mean self-efficacy scores before the intervention had no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.416). However, post-intervention, the mean parenting self-efficacy scores demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the groups (P<0.001). Additionally, the mean parenting self-efficacy scores measured one month after the intervention also showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The family-centered empowerment model significantly improved mothers' self-efficacy. It is recommended as an effective approach for improving the management of children's growth and development.
Parvaneh Vasli, Zohreh Komijani, Meimanat Hosseini, Malihe Nasiri,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Postoperative care presents diverse needs that affect the quality of life in children with congenital heart disease. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of a family-based care transition program on the health-related quality of life of children with congenital heart disease undergoing corrective surgery.
Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental study involved 78 mother-child dyads diagnosed with congenital heart disease and undergoing corrective surgery at the Shaheed Rajaie Cardiovascular Hospital in Tehran. The samples were divided to one of two groups: an intervention group (n=40) and a control group (n=38). Convenience sampling was employed to select participants during the 2023-2024 period. Data were collected using the TNO-AZL Preschool Quality of Life Scale across four assessment stages. The intervention group participated in 11 sessions of the family-based care transition program, while the control group followed routine discharge protocols. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22, employing independent t-tests, the Bonferroni test, and both one-way and two-way repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: Within-group comparisons showed a significant increase in quality of life scores for both the intervention and control groups (P<0.001), with the intervention group indicating a more pronounced improvement. However, between-group comparisons showed no significant differences in quality of life scores at baseline, immediately post-intervention, or one month post-discharge. Notably, a significant difference was observed three months post-discharge (P=0.003).
Conclusion: The implementation of a family-based care program may improve the health-related quality of life of children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgery. These findings suggest that pediatric nurses can utilize family-centered interventions to improve the health-related quality of life of these children.
Hadiseh Bayat, Mahdiyeh Ghalenoee, Fataneh Ghadirian,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most debilitating challenges faced by families and children affected by this disorder. It reduces the functioning of both affected individuals and their families, especially mothers. This study aims to explore the relationships among distress tolerance, spiritual well-being, and mother-child interaction, and their effects on health-related quality of life, mediated by parenting stress and family functioning in mothers of children with ADHD.
Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive-correlational study conducted with mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD in Tehran in 2022. Participants were selected through convenience sampling, resulting in a sample of 250 mothers. Research tools included a demographic information questionnaire, the Simons Distress Tolerance Index, the Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire, the Pianta Mother-Child Interaction Questionnaire, the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Abidin Parental Stress Questionnaire, and the McMaster Family Functioning Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and AMOS software version 24.
Results: The results showed an inverse relationship between distress tolerance and quality of life (r=-0.67), spiritual well-being and quality of life (r=-0.65), mother-child interaction and quality of life (r=-0.51), and parenting stress and quality of life (r=-0.62). Conversely, a direct relationship was identified between distress tolerance and parenting stress (r=0.73). Additionally, parenting stress and family functioning served as mediators in the relationship between distress tolerance and quality of life.
Conclusion: The results indicate that increased distress tolerance in mothers of children with ADHD correlates with a decrease in quality of life and an increase in parenting stress. Moreover, enhanced family functioning appears to facilitate greater distress tolerance.
Saeideh Mazidi, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Seyed Amir Soltani, Golbahar Akhoundzadeh,
Volume 30, Issue 4 (1-2025)
Abstract
Background & Aim: Raising a mentally retarded child imposes significant psychological and economic burdens on families, which can adversely affect their sense of hope. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a family-centered empowerment model on the hopefulness of parents with mentally retarded children.
Methods & Materials: This clinical trial was conducted in 2023 in Aliabad Katol, focusing on parents with mentally retarded children. A total of 48 participants were selected through simple random sampling from a list of these parents and were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted before and after the intervention. The intervention group participated in six family empowerment sessions, while the control group received routine care training. Data were collected using the Schneider's Hope Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, employing univariate analysis of covariance, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results: In the intervention group, the average age of mothers was 36.27±8.07 years, compared to 34.83±5.12 years in the control group. The average age of children was 11.88±2.88 years in the intervention group and 10.16±1.94 years in the control group. No significant difference was observed in the mean hope scores between the intervention and control groups prior to the intervention (P=0.582). However, post-intervention, the mean hope score significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.021). After controlling for pre-test scores, a significant difference emerged between the groups (P<0.001, Eta=0.48), indicating that 48% of the variance in parents' hopefulness scores could be attributed to the effects of the family-centered empowerment model.
Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of the family-centered empowerment model in enhancing parents' hopefulness, as well as the crucial role that parents play in caring for mentally retarded children, this low-cost and effective intervention should be incorporated into programs aimed at supporting and empowering these parents.
Clinical trial registry: IRCT20191229045934N1
