Background & Aim: Achieving to desire patients quality of life can result to programming for make use of strategies for prevention and control chronic complications of diabetes and promote quality of life.

Methods & Materials: This research is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of life among 310 diabetic patients with chronic complications. The data were collected through interview. The tool of data collection was the questionnaire that consisted of two parts, demographic and disease charactristics, and questions about dimentions of Quality of life. Score were analyzed by descriptive and infrerntial methods (Chi square, Fisher exact test, and Pearson correlation coefficient).

Results: The findings of research showed that quality of life in majority of the subjects (71%) was moderate. The most percent of the health perception (68.3%), mental health (67.7%), Physical functioning (56.1%), and social/ role functioning (54.8%) of the quality of life were moderate. Also there was no relationship between the number of complications and Quality of life. Also there was a significant relationship between demographic variables [age (p=0.028), sex (p<0.001), BMI (p=0.024), grade (p<0.001)] and Quality of life.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, quality of life in majority of patients with chronic complications of diabetes was moderate.

Background & Aim: Screening methods of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis is controversy. The survey of relation between GDM and its risk factors helps to determine screening methods. This study was performed to find weather the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is influenced by higher hemoglobin (Hb) level and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) before 14 weeks gestation in GDM women and healthy women.

Methods & Materials: In this case-control study, 33 pregnant women with GDM in case group (diagnosed according to the Carpenter and Costan criteria) were compared with 33 pregnant women in control group without GDM after 24-28 weeks&apos gestation. Data were gathered using a questionnaire and a data registration form by interview and biophysical methods. The data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-squared, Fisher exact test, two samples Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, and Pearson correlation coefficient).

Results: There was no significant difference between two groups in demographic factors and medical history. T-test showed a significant difference between the amount of Hb in the control group (13.23±0.078 gr/dl) and the case group (12.23±0.70 gr/dl) before 14 weeks gestation (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between MCV level in two groups (P=0.294). Also MCV level before 14 weeks&apos gestation was 86.92+ 4.51 fl in the case group and 85/56+5/84 fl in the control group.

Conclusion: The result showed that GDM women had higher Hb level than the control group before 14 weeks&apos gestation. It seems that a high maternal Hb in the first trimester is a risk factor for GDM and it can be used for screening and diagnosing of GDM. Also more investigations of the logic of routine iron supplementation in pregnant women who have a high level of Hb are suggested.

Background & Aim: Regarding the importance of determining the determinants of diabetes self-care, this study aimed to examine two major determinants of self-care activities, i.e. perceived barriers, and perceived self-efficacy among type two diabetic patients in Tehran, Iran.
Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 128 patients were recruited to the study using convenience sampling. The validated diabetes instruments were completed by the patients. The included participants aged older than 18 years. Data were analyzed using bivariate correlation and path analysis.
Results: The mean score of the perceived barriers and perceived self-efficacy were 3.05 and 2.18, respectively. The maximum score of self-care was 4.18. There was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and the self-care (r=0.22 P<0.01). Positive correlations were also found between education with self-efficacy and self-care (r=0.28 P<0.05), (r=0.29 P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between perceived barriers and self-care behaviors (r=-0.68 P<0.000). Using serial multiple regressions and path analysis, we had a final model (RMSEA=0.05 GFI=0.95 CFI=0.98 P=0.44 and Chi-Square=26.5). This model showed that perceived barriers were the strongest predictor for self-care behaviors. Perceived barriers mediated the effect of self-efficacy on the self-care behaviors.
Conclusion: The intervention efforts that address the studied determinants related to self-care behavior could potentially impact type two diabetic patients&apos self-care activities. These determinants should be mentioned in the program developing.

 

Background & Aim: Parents participation in management of diabetes has been recognized to be beneficent. Recognizing parents&apos worries should be addressed to plan effective health promoting programs. This study aimed to explore parents&apos worries about life problems of adolescent girls with diabetes.

Methods & Materials: In this qualitative study, 26 parents (16 mothers and 10 fathers) of adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes were recruited using purposive sampling from the Diabetes Society in west Azerbaijan. Data were collected using in-depth and semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the transcripts was guided by qualitative content analysis.

Results: Qualitative content analysis demonstrated three original categories from parents&apos worries: 1) worries about the future 2) worries about the treatments and 3) worries about the society.

Conclusion: Better perception of parents&apos concerns may promote effective communication between health professionals and parents. Modification of parents&apos personal control and perceived threat through appropriate educational programs that acknowledge and address their concerns may be a means of empowering parents.

  Background & Aim: Demographic transition and aging are global conditions result in increased risk of disability and chronic diseases such as diabetes. Considering stress as having mutual interaction with different aspects of health is vital in treatment of common disorders among older adults with diabetes. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the perceived stress with spiritual health among older adults with diabetes registered to the Association of Diabetes Prevention and Control in Babol .

  Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional (descriptive- analytical) study, 194 older adults aged 60-75 years old were selected using convenience sampling from the Association of Diabetes Prevention and Control in Babol. Data were collected using the demographic form as well as the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire (SWB). The validity and reliability of the scales were confirmed previously. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including ANOVA, Chi-Squared tests, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient in the SPSS-21 . 

  Results: The study findings showed that perceived stress was low in a substantial percentage of the elderly (74.2%) with the mean ± SD of 22.52±8.06. Also, the levels of spiritual health were medium to high among most participants (97.72 ± 11.51). Interestingly, there was a significant negative relationship between the perceived stress and spiritual health (r=-0.48, P<0.001) .

  Conclusion: This study elaborated the relationship between the perceived stress with spiritual health of elderly patients with diabetes. Considering the results, enhancing spiritual health as one of the health dimensions seems necessary .