Background & Aim: Youths are the most at risk group for HIV/AIDS in the world and education of the preventive measurements is the most effective way for decreasing the incidence of HIV/AIDS among them. Due to ever-increasing cases of HIV and the importance of education, we compared the effects of three educational methods (peer education, education by physician and giving pamphlets) on knowledge of female high school students&apos of Kerman shah on HIV/AIDS.

Methods & Materials: One thousand and five hundred female third grade students were recruited from 21 high schools using stratified random sampling method. An average of 73 students were selected from each school and participated in a pre-test exam using a questionnaire. Of 1500 students, 498 and 502 students were taught by general practitioners and peers, respectively. Pamphlets were presented to 500 other students. Twenty days after the educational intervention, the participants were contributed in a post-test exam using the very questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via SPSS version 11.5.

Results: The students&apos mean age was 16.78 (SD=0.7). The mean scores of pretests and post-tests in all 3 groups were significantly different (P<0.001). The mean score for the group taught by general practitioners (10.7±3.6) was higher than the scores of other two group scores (8.8±3.4 and 7.3±3.9, respectively for peer education and pamphlet groups) after the interventions. Bonferroni statistical test showed the significant difference (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Education presented by general practitioners seems to be more effective than the other two ways in increasing students&apos knowledge about HIV/AIDS.

Background & Aim: Blended E-Learning is an educational method which has been used recently in higher education worldwide. So, it seems that it is crucial for the Iranian academic members to accept it as a new educational method. This study was conducted to investigate attitudes of the faculty of Nursing and Midwifery School at Tehran University of Medical Sciences toward blended E-learning.

Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study, all faculty members of Tehran University of Medical Science (n=60) were recruited to the study. Data were gathered using validated and reliable self-designed questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: The response rate was 93.33% (n=56). Most of the respondents (85.7%) were female. The mean age was 44.88 (SD=5.6). The years of teaching ranged from 5-30 years (mean=16.75). The majority of the respondents (66%) had positive attitude toward blended e-learning thirty four per cent had completely positive attitude and none of them had negative attitudes. About 41% reported that they were eager to provide their course syllabuses according to this approach and 87.5% said that they were willing to attend the blended e-learning education workshops. There were no significant relationships between demographic variables and the attitudes. There was a significant relationship between willing to attend the workshops and positive attitude toward blended e-learning (P=0.012).

Conclusion: According to the positive attitude of the respondents toward blended e-learning, it is recommended that further studies take place in order to design and implement the approach in formal education in the school of Nursing and Midwifery of Tehran University of Medical Science.

Background & Aim: Diet rich in fruits and vegetables is shown to be an important factor in prevention of chronic diseases. Adolescence is a critical period in adopting eating behaviors. Schools are important social environments in adolescents' lives and are important settings for interventions that aim to improve eating behaviors, including fruit and vegetable intake. This study aimed to assess effectiveness of a school-based intervention based on social cognitive theory on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake of female adolescents in Tehran.

Methods & Materials: This experimental school based field trial was conducted on 296 female students aged 10-13 years old (157 in the intervention and 139 in the control groups). The intervention included classroom nutrition education on F&V and increasing availability of F&V through school buffet. Psychosocial characteristics of the students were assessed using a questionnaire and F&V intake were measured using 24-hr recall method, at baseline and after three months intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.

Results: After the intervention, vegetable and fruit intake were 0.6 and 0.63 servings higher in the intervention group compared to the controls. Knowledge and self-efficacy scores were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Home availability and observational learning scores were significantly decreased in the intervention group.

Conclusion: Through the intervention process, many valuable experiences were gained to be used in future interventions.

Background & Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate perspectives of managers regarding change management in nursing and midwifery schools.

Methods & Materials: In this qualitative study, we used a descriptive exploratory approach with triangulation. We used snow ball sampling to recruit faculty members of nursing and midwifery schools in Tehran. The participants were included in the study if they had at least 1-year experience as a faculty member. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews in which a guide and field notes were used. Data were saturated after observing repetition of the codes. Latent content analysis was used for data analysis. The trustworthiness was achieved using a prolonged field experience, member check, peer check and sharing the content with two qualitative research experts.

Results: Ten participants (seven females and three males) aged 38-54 were interviewed. Three participants were employed in highly recognized management levels. Immediately after interviews, conceptual codes were extracted. Suggested themes were classified as concentration in management, managers&apos characteristics, and attitude toward change.

Conclusion: Accordingly, the concept of change management was postulated as the purpose of this study. Furthermore, its influencing factors were identified. The results of this study can be used by faculties of the nursing and midwifery schools to use them according to their organizational culture.