Background & Aim: The Roy’s adaptation model is a helpful instrument to be used in treatment processes of patient s with chronic diseases. According to chronic nature of amputee veterans' diseases, it is expected that the implementation of care plan s based on this model can increase adaptation in the patients . The present study was performed to design and determine validity and reliability of a researcher-designed adaptation questionnaire based on the Roy’s adaptation model on war veterans with lower limb amputation .

  Methods & Materials: This study was conducted among war veterans referred to the veteran clinic of Orthotics and Prosthetics center using convenience sampling method during 2012-2014 . M ain concepts of adaptation defined based on the Roy’s adaptation model were used to provide items. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using the content validity index (CVI), content validity ratio (CVR), face validity, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), and stability (test-retest reliability) tests.

  Results: Thirty five items were developed including 15 items on physiological area, 11 items on self-concept area, four items on dependence/ independence area, and five items on role playing area. The CVI was 0.95 . The Cronbach's alpha was 0.78. The correlation coefficient values ​​were more than 0.7 in each area .

  Conclusion: The psychometric analysis of the questionnaire showed proper validity and reliability for measuring adaptation on war veterans with lower limb amputation. The questionnaire is recommended to be used in nursing practice .

Background & Aim: Increasing understanding of death anxiety among different cultures and patient populations is critical to provide quality patient care. Researchers who investigate death anxiety, are looking for a reliable and valid instrument compatible with culture in order to achieve this goal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale-Extended (TDAS-E) among a sample of chemical veterans of Iran–Iraq warfare.

Methods & Materials: In this methodological study, 300 veterans completed the Persian version of the 51-item TDAS-E in 2015. The face, content and construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity) of the TDAS-E were assessed. Also, its reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, construct reliability and intra correlation coefficient.

Results: Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses extracted four stable distinct factors including fear of the hereafter, fear of facing death, fear of the shortness of life, fear of dying following an incident and mishap. The fitness of the four-factor model of the Templer’s death anxiety construct was approved based on standard indices (c²/df=2.832, GFI=.915, AGFI=.873, PCFI=.657, PNFI=.612, RMSEA=.078). Discriminant and convergent validity of all factors were acceptable. Also, scale reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.88), construct reliability (higher than 0.70) and intra correlation coefficient (0.87).

Conclusion: The results of the current study revealed that the four-factor construct of TDAS-E had suitable validity and reliability among Iranian chemical warfare veterans. Given the proper psychometric properties, this scale can be used in future research to evaluate death anxiety in this population.

Background & Aim: Increasing understanding of death anxiety among different cultures and illness populations is critical to provide quality patient care. Researchers who investigate death anxiety, are looking for a reliable and valid instrument compatible with culture in order to achieve this goal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale-Extended (TDAS-E) among a sample of chemical veterans of Iran–Iraq warfare.

Methods & Materials: In this methodological study, 300 veterans completed the Persian version of the 51-item TDAS-E in 2015. The face, content and construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity) of the TDAS-E were assessed. Also, its reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, construct reliability and intra correlation coefficient.

Results: Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses extracted four stable distinct factors including fear of the hereafter, fear of facing death, fear of the shortness of life, fear of dying following an incident and mishap. The fitness of the four-factor model of the Templer’s death anxiety construct was approved based on standard indices (c²/df=2.832, GFI=.915, AGFI=.873, PCFI=.657, PNFI=.612, RMSEA=.078). Discriminant and convergent validity of all factors were acceptable. Also, scale reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.88), construct reliability (higher than 0.70) and intra correlation coefficient (0.87).

Conclusion: The results of the current study revealed that the four-factor construct of TDAS-E had suitable validity and reliability among Iranian chemical warfare veterans. Given the proper psychometric properties, this scale can be used in future research to evaluate death anxiety in this population.