Showing 2 results for Jaafari
Fariba Karimi, Iraj Nabipoor, Mojtaba Jaafari, Farkhondeh Gholazmzadehi,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (17 2003)
Abstract
Background: The American Diabetes Association in 1997 switched its recommendations regarding the screening of pregnant women from universal to risk factor-based screening. The ADA specifically recommended that screening is not cost-beneficial in women under the age of 25, with a normal weight and negative family history of diabetes.
Methods: 910 pregnant women attending the diabetes clinic at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences were screening for gestational diabetes using a 50-gram glucose challenge test. All the women were 24-28 weeks pregnant at the time of testing. Women with a post-load blood glucose of ≥140mg/dl were referred for a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test. The presence of ADA risk factors was recorded, as was the absence of all three risk factors, and compared with the results of 50-gram GCT. We evaluated the predictive value of different combinations of risk factors relative to the results of screening.
Results: 66 women (6.9%) had a positive screening test, with 16 (1.75%) eventually diagnosed with GDM based on OGTT results. GCT was negative in 616 (95.3%) women, who had at least one of the three risk factors – age >25 years, BMI ≥27kg/m2, or a positive family history of diabetes – and in 231 (27.3%) women who had none of these risk factors [odds ratio = 70.3, 95%-CI = 2.23-22.21 p<0.0001].
Conclusion: Selective screening of pregnant women will detect most cases of gestational diabetes where resources to implement universal screening are limited. The most important factors in selecting screening candidates are age, body mass index, and family history of diabetes mellitus.
Asal Ataie Jaafari, Farideh Tahbaz, Hamid Alavi Majd, Hasan Joodaki,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (17 2005)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death in Iran and hypercholesterolemia is one of the most important risk factors. This problem could be partially managed by dietary modifications such as supplementation of diet with dairy products and probiotic bacteria. The aim of this study was to comprise the effect of consuming a probiotic yoghurt and ordinary yoghurt on serum cholesterol levels in mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia.
Methods: This randomized cross-over trial was conducted on 14 healthy subjects aged 40-65 years with total serum cholesterol 200-300 mg/dl. We asked the subjects to avoid consumption of yoghurt for a two-week pre-study period and add 300 g/day of milk to their diet. Then they were randomly allocated to 2 groups to receive either 300 g of ordinary yoghurt (fermented with S.thermophilus and L.bulgaricus) or probiotic yoghurt (fermented with a starter composed of L.acidophilus and B.lactis plus bacteria in ordinary yoghurt) for 6 weeks as substitution for milk. After a wash-out period of 7 weeks, the cross-over was made (those consuming probiotic yoghurt, changed to ordinary yoghurt and vice versa) and the study lasted for another 6 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, a 3-day dietary recall and blood lipid tests were done at the beginning (after a 2-week elimination period of yoghurt from diet) and at the end of each period.
Results: Comparison of weights, BMIs and dietary confounding factors during the period of consuming ordinary yoghurt and probiotic yoghurt, did not show any significant differences. Consumption of probiotic yoghurt in comparison with ordinary yogurt caused a significant decrease in total serum cholesterol (P=0.049). Comparison of other blood lipid criteria did not show any significant differences between these two periods.
Conclusion: Consumption of the yoghurt containing two probiotic bacteria, L.acidophilus and B.lactis, in comparison with ordinary yoghurt causes reduction in total serum cholesterol in mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia.
