Iranian Journal of

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Abstract: Pancreatic β-cells function and insulin sensitivity resistance were impaired in type 2 diabetes. Exercise training may improves these impairs, however, this is not well known. The aim of present study was to examine the Effect of 8 weeks aerobic training on pancreatic β-cells function and insulin resistance in female patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Twenty middle-aged women (age, 40 -50 years) with type 2 diabetes participated as the subject. The subjects were randomly assign to control group (n=10) or the training group (n=10). The subjects in the training group performed 30 to 45 min aerobic training on the treadmill with 60- 75% of their maximum heart rate, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The subjects in the control group were instructed to maintain their normal physical activity throughout the study.
Results: The results indicated that fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin and insulin resistance index decrease in the training group compare to the control group (P<0.05); however, pancreatic β-cells function has no significant change after the intervention (P=0.2).
Conclusion: In summary, it seems that aerobic training utilized in this study improves glucose entry into cells but it had not effective on pancreatic β-cells function.

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Background: The apoptosis process as a common status in heart injuries could be imposed significantly by hyperglycemia chronically. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of concurrent training and antioxidant supplementation individually and in combination on biogenesis and function of mitochondrial in the heart tissue of diabetic rats with STZ.
Methods: In this experimental study, fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were classified into five groups (n=10 each group): healthy rats as control, diabetic rats, diabetic combined resistance/endurance training, diabetic rats which consumed supplementation vitamin E and C, and the combined supplementation and training. Here, we calculated changes in genes expression based on artificial intelligence methods and evaluated genes expression in apoptotic influencing combined training and antioxidants vitamins consumption in heart injured models by streptozotocin via Real-Time PCR. Combination training including, respectively, resistance training, 5 days a week with increasing intensity of 5-45% of rat weight and endurance training on treadmill increasingly from 10-30 minutes and intensity of 40-75% of maximum speed during 8 weeks. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (P<0.05).
Results: the relative expression of PGC1α and Tfam were significantly decreased between healthy control and diabetes controls group. The results indicated that significantly increased of PGC1α and Tfam in the training(P<0.05), supplement(P<0.05) and combination groups(p<0.05). In addition, in this study, it was observed that supplementation and exercise had an increasing effect on the expression of PGC1α and Tfam genes. On the other hand, glucose concentration and weight of rats treated with supplementation and exercise were significantly reduced compared to other groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, interaction between antioxidant supplements and exercise reduced the glucose concentration and improved the mitochondrial biogenesis of heart tissue, while the combination of these two interventions compared to the effect of each alone, the effect has more.