Mahmood Khayatian, Bagher Larijani, Bijan Farzami, Shirin Pournourmohammadi, Hoda Boushehri,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (19 2006)
Abstract
Background: Sulfonylurea agents such as Glibenclamide (Glyburide) have been widely prescribe in treatment of type 2 diabetic patients for decades, but controversy remains about their precise mechanism of action. On the other hand, glucokinase serves as a glucose sensor in pancreatic β-cells and plays a key role in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Glibenclamide on insulin secretion and glucokinase activity in the rat isolated pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
Methods: The islets from normal and type 2 diabetic rats were isolated by collagenase digestion method. Glucokinase activity was measured via determination the rate of glucose-6-phosphate formation in the fluorometric assay. Insulin secretion from hand-picked islets was evaluated by static incubation technique. Insulin concentration was measured by rat insulin ELISA kit.
Results: Our findings obtained from incubation of Glybenclamide with pancreatic islets revealed that this agent increases basal insulin secretion (at 2.8 mM glucose) in both normal and diabetic rats as compared it with control islet (without drug). However, the increase of insulin secretion in response to 16.7 mM glucose was not significant. On the other hand, Glybenclamide had no activating and/or inhibiting effect on pancreatic glucokinase activity in both diabetic and normal Rats. But reduced activity of this enzyme in diabetic rats was significant in comparison with normal.
Conclusion: These data show that increasing effect of Glybenclamide on insulin secretion is through a mechanism other than affecting Glucose Mediated Insulin Release. Moreover, the regulation of pancreatic glucokinase does not depend on glybenclamid.
Fereshteh Ghaljaei, Mojtaba Lotfi, Mehrnaz , Mahnaz Ghaljeh, Jalal Nourmohammadi,
Volume 25, Issue 5 (12-2025)
Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes affecting children and adolescents. Nursing interventions for children with type 1 diabetes include recognizing the adolescent's problems and providing technical care and emotional support. Nurses play an important role in helping adolescents and their families manage emotions, adjust treatment regimens, and integrate new routines into daily life. The aim of this systematic review is to identify and analyze effective nursing interventions in the management of type 1 diabetes in children and support their families. This study, by reviewing the available evidence, attempts to explain the role of nurses in improving clinical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes in children and promoting awareness, self-care skills, and quality of life in families.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, SID and Magiran between 2010 and 2025. The search strategy was created using the PubMed keywords (Nursing Interventions) [title/abstract], (Type 1 Diabetes), (Child) and (Family). Systematic search with English keywords: ((Nursing Interventions[title/abstract]) AND (Type 1 Diabetes [title/abstract])) AND (Child[title/abstract])) AND (Family[title/abstract]). Out of 500 studies on nursing interventions in pediatric type 1 diabetes with more detailed review, a total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis.
Results: The findings showed that nursing interventions can have a significant impact on diabetes management by children and families, leading to improved adherence to treatment regimens, better blood sugar control, and increased quality of life for children and families.
Conclusion: Nursing interventions play a significant role in improving blood sugar control, increasing awareness and self-care of children with type 1 diabetes, and supporting their families. Interventions such as patient and family education, psychological counseling, regular follow-up, use of educational and care-oriented technologies, and team collaboration have been able to provide favorable results in reducing disease complications, improving quality of life, and increasing psychosocial adjustment. Accordingly, the development and implementation of evidence-based intervention programs, taking into account the individual, cultural, and social characteristics of families, is recommended to improve nursing care in children with diabetes.
