Mohammad Ali Boroumand, Leila Sam, Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi, Mojtaba Salarifar, Ebrahim Kassaian, Saeedeh Forghani,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (17 2004)
Abstract
Background: This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iranian population.
Methods: Between March 2003 and December 2003, 202 nonpregnant women with diabetes type 2 who were between 31 to 78 years old and had no abnormalities of the urinary tract system were included. We defined ASB as the presence of at least 105 colony-forming units/ml of 1 or 2 bacterial species, in two separated cultures of clean-voided midstream urine. All the participants were free from any symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). Risk factors for developing bacteriuria was assessed and compared in participants with and without bacteriuria.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of ASB was 10.9% among diabetic women. E.coli was the most prevalent microorganism responsible for positive urine culture. Most of the isolated microorganisms were resistant to Co-trimoxazole, Nalidixic acid and Ciprofloxacin. Pyuria (P<0.001) and glucosuria (P<0.05) had meaningful relation with bacteriuria but no association was evident between age (P<0.45), duration of diabetes (P<0.09), macroalbuminuria (P<0.10) and HbA1c level (P<0.75), and the presence of ASB.
Conclusion: The prevalence of ASB is more prevalent in women with type 2 diabetes, which pyuria and glucosuria can be considered as risk factors in this regard. Routine urine culture can be recommended for diabetic women even when there is not any urinary symptom.
Hossein Salari, Bijan Farzami, Parvin Pasalar, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (18 2005)
Abstract
Background: The determination of insulin receptors on RBC membrane is a suitable tool for the study of these receptors in diabetes and its related complications. The common methods for the study is the biopsy of fat or muscular tissues, cell culture or a preparation of certain amount of monocytes which is associated with some difficulties. Present study utilizes RBC's for this purpose.
Methods: Certain amount of RBCs were exposed to a known amount of labeled Insulin and varying concentration of unlabelled Insulin. The competitive effect of Insulin replacement was determined by the measurement of residual receptor radioactivity. This study was carried out in three groups of healthy, poor controlled and good controlled diabetics.
Results: There were significant differences between the normal and poor controlled diabetics (P=0.017). In addition differences in receptor binding was obtained between good controlled diabetics and normal which were not significant (P=0.09). All changes were inversely proportional to the HbA1C of specimen. Using Scat chard plots the number of receptors in each group, normal, poor controlled and good controlled were determined to be 1820 (± 72.8), 1026 (±40.4) and 1230 (± 49.2) respectively.
Conclusion: Considering the above results, it could be seen that the evaluation of the number of receptors in RBC could be a suitable tool for studying the state of insulin receptor in both physiological and pathological conditions.
