Showing 11 results for Shadi
Shahin Yarahmadi, Bagher Larijani, Ebrahim Javadi, Mohammad-Hassan Bastan Hagh, Mohammad Pajouhi, Reza Malekzadeh, Mahmood Mahmoudi, Aliereza Shafaei, Mohammad-Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Ali Rajabe, Mohammad Farshadi,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (16 2004)
Abstract
Celiac disease and typel diabetes mellirus have been linked to the same HLA markers and chromosomal loci, which may account for the concurrence of the two disorders in a significant number of patients. This study was designed to investigate the frequency of anti-gliadin antibodies, a marker for celiac disease, in diabetic patients.
Methods: In this study, 182 diabetic patients (52 with typel and 130 with type2 diabetes) were screened for anti-gliadin IgG by indirect immunofluorescence. Age range was 3-29.5 and 42-65 years for type 1 and type 2 diabetes groups.
Results: Anti-gliadin IgG was found in 1.9% and 1.5% of patients with type land type 2 diabetes. In Tehran, 0.02% of healthy blood donors have been reported to be seropositivitive for anti-gliadin IgG.
Conclusion: The prevalence of anti-gliadin seropositivity in type 1 and type 2 diabetics, was respectively 30 and 24 times higher than the general population of Tehran. This concurs with other reports indicating higher occurrence of celiac disease in diabetic populations. The rather low sensitivity and specificity (both around 80%) of the antigliadin antibody test has made it a suboptimal diagnostic test. However, it is quick and inexpensive and can be suitable for screening programs. We recommend the test in all at-risk populations including diabetics.
Mahin Hashemipour , Ghasem Ali Javanmard, Hamid Hourfar, Roya Kelishadi, Silva Hovsepian, Sasan Haghighi ,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (16 2004)
Abstract
Background: Increased echogenicity of pancreas, due to hemosiderosis, is a frequent finding in - thalassemic paitents. Hemosiderosis also leads to - cell dysfunction. So diabetes and glucose intolerance are common consequences of hemosiderosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of increased pancreas echogenicity (IPE) with insulin sensitivity in - thalassemic children aged 10-20 years.
Methods: After exclusion of thalassemic paitents with diabetes or familial history of diabetes, pancreas ultrasonography was performed in 42 -thalassemic children and they were divided into 2 groups with normal (21) and increased (21) pancreas echogenicity. Serum ferritin was measured, as well as serum insulin and glucose values, during an OGTT, at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. A control group was selected randomly (n= 23). Insulin Sensitivity Index and Fasting Glucose/Insulin Ratio were calculated and the data were analysed using t-test and ANOVA statistical methods.
Results: Serum feritin differed significantly between 2 groups of thalassemic paitents (P<0.005), but the insulin and glucose values were not significantly different among studied population (P>0.05). Serum feritin was inversely correllated with ISI in patients IPE and 28.6% of them had IFG, as compared to patients with normal echogenicity (P<0.05).
Conclusion : Regarding the detection of all IFG cases among thalassemic paitents with IPE and the relation of feritin with ISI in this group, pancreas ultrasonography may be used to investigate the early stages of diabetes in these patients. however after conducting further studies with larger sample size and on older paitents are recommended.
Farzad Hadaegh, Maryam Tohidi, Hadi Harati, Marjan Farshadi, Parisa Estaaneh,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (17 2004)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes type 1 is an autoimmune disease that is associated with other autoimmune disorders like Hashimoto thyroiditis. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) in type 1 diabetic patients in the south of Iran (Bandar Abbas).
Methods: A cross-sectional study, was conducted 48 type 1 diabetics and 41 age and sex matched healthy controls were evaluated for the presence of ATD. Blood sample were collected from all of the subjects for the measurement of thyroid autoantobodies [anti thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti thyroglobulin (anti-TG)], T3, T4, TSH, RT3U and HbA1c.
Results: Prevalence of positive anti-TPO and anti-TG was 29 % and 29% respectively in diabetic patients and 2% and 7% respectively in control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of ATD (positive anti TPO or anti TG) in diabetic patients and control subjects was 35% and 7% respectively (P<0.05). The prevalence of positive anti TPO and anti TG was higher in girls. There was no association between the prevalence of positive autoantibody and duration or age of onset of diabetes. 17.6% of diabetic patients with positive autoantibody had thyroid dysfunction (subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism).
Conclusion: Regarding high prevalence of ATD in type 1 diabetic patients in Bandar Abbas (approximately 1 out of 3 patients), screening for ATD and thyroid dysfunction is recommended for all type 1 diabetic patiens and in those with positive autoantibody consecutively.
Heydar Shadi,
Volume 5, Issue 0 (Vol5,Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2005)
Abstract
The history of Medical ethics is as longer as the history of the medicine. In medical literature of all great civilizations such as Greek, Babylon, Egypt, Indian, Christian and Islamic, is full of ethical codes and oaths. Nevertheless the medical ethics as an academic filed appeared in 1960s. This article is a short review of medical ethics history in ancient, medieval and modern periods. In introduction after defining medical ethics and clarifying its relation to similar fields such as bioethics and clinical ethics we have explained the reasons of medical ethics emergence. In the next three parts "ancient period", "medieval period" and "modern period" the development of medical ethics was explained from initial societies to ancient Greek, Indian, Christian, and Islamic civilization to modern period. In the last part the recent developments of medical ethics in Iranian society has been reported.
Heydar Shadi,
Volume 5, Issue 0 (Vol5,Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2005)
Abstract
Biomedical ethics is a branch of professional or practical ethics that examine the moral aspects of profession of medicine. Every professional ethics due its issues and problems determine an especial theory and principles. In this article after referring to the three branches of ethics and describing important schools of ethical theory we have explained the six main approaches to biomedical ethics: Utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, principlism, care-based ethics and case-based ethics.
Habibeh Taghavi Kojidi, Farshad Farzadfar, Niloofar Peykari, Bagher Larijani, Shadi Rahimzadeh, Ehsan Rezaei-Darzi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common form of endocrine cancer. The age and gender-adjusted incidence of thyroid cancer has increased faster than that of any other malignancy in recent years, with the increased incidence seen in both genders, all ethnic backgrounds and all sizes of thyroid cancer. It appears that the rise in thyroid cancer incidence is not only due to medical surveillance and improved disease detection. In Iran, also scattered studies had been accomplished in different provinces and requirement to more attention and planning for thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer’s control and prevention requires to the evidence–based strategies in different population groups based on national and provincial comprehensive studies on the prevalence and incidence. Thus we aimed to provide the comprehensive information about thyroid cancer prevalence and trend in national, provincial levels among Iranian population.
Methods: In this study we used some steps respectively to show how thyroid cancer prevalence changes in 1990 to 2010 between different provinces. We aggregate cancer registry data set by province, age categorized, gender and merge with other national covariates that were gathered in Iran. Then, linear regression model and logistic regression model were used to modeling and predicting for other provinces and years.
Results: Mean of thyroid cancer prevalence displayed that prevalence increased with increase in years especially more rapidly from 2002-2010 the prevalence rates were estimated to be (0.0-0.25) and (4.2-13.7) per 100000 in 1990 and 2010 respectively and increased in both females and males. Female to male ratio was 2.5. Highest prevalence thyroid cancer were in four provinces of Iran, Isfahan (mean rate 4.3 per 100000), Yazd (mean rate 4.1 per 100000), Tehran (mean rate 4 per 100000) and Qazvin (mean rate 3.1 per 100000) respectively.
Conclusion: Iran map displayed with increase in years, thyroid cancer prevalence become larger. Additional research on the risk factors for thyroid cancer is needed to explain the difference of thyroid cancer prevalence between provinces.
Parisa Hajihashemi, Leila Azadbakht, Mahin Hashemipor, Roya Kelishadi, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 6 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background: Whole-grain foods have been reported to affect serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. However, we are aware of no study examining the effect of whole-grain intake on inflammatory biomarkers among children
Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effect of whole grain intake on serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers in overweight or obese children.
Methods: In this randomized cross-over clinical trial, 44 overweight or obese (BMI>85th percentile for age and sex) girls aged 8-15 y participated. After a 2-wk run-in period, subjects were randomly assigned to either intervention or non-intervention groups. Subjects in the intervention group were given a list of whole grain foods and were asked to obtain 50% of their grain servings from whole grain foods each day for 6 weeks. Individuals in the non-intervention group were also given a list of whole-grain foods and were asked not to consume any of these foods during the intervention phase of the study. A 4-wk washout period was applied following which subjects were crossed over to the alternate arm for an additional 6 wk. Fasting blood samples were taken before and after each phase of study to quantify markers of systemic inflammation.
Results: Mean (±SD) age of study participants was 11.2±1.49 years. Mean weight and BMI of subjects was 51.2±10.2 kg and 23.5±2.5 kg/m2, respectively. No significant effect of whole-grain intake on weight and body mass index (BMI) was seen compared with the non-intervention group. We found a significant effect of whole grain intake on serum levels of hs-CRP (changes from baseline in intervention group: -0.55 vs. 0.20 mg/L in non-intervention group, P=0.03), soluble inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (-121 vs. 23 μg/L, P=0.02), serum amyloid A (-0.59 vs. 0.32 mg/L, P=0.02) and leptin (-11.5 vs. 36.8 ng/L, P=0.02) after 6 weeks. A trend toward the significant effect of whole grain intake on serum levels of sVCAM-1 (-166 vs. -32 μg/L, P=0.07) was also observed.
Conclusion: This study provides evidence supporting the beneficial effects of whole-grain foods on biomarkers of systemic inflammation in obese children.
Marzieh Arshadi Mashkani, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli, Iman Salahshorifar, Farideh Razi,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (3-2017)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is the most common endocrine disorder that affects many people every year. Diabetic nephropathy is main complication of diabetes type 2. Renoprotective effects of vitamin “D” in chronic kidney disease have been reported that including diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between polymorphism (rs731236 (Taq1)) at gene receptor vitamin D (VDR), and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods In this case-control study, 104 patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy, 100 patients with type 2 diabetes and no nephropathy, and 98 people without diabetes and nephropathy who referred to the Diabetes Clinic of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were included . Clinical data were obtained and biochemical parameters were measured. The DNA samples were extracted from blood samples by phenol chloroform method. TheTaqI polymorphism (rs731236) was studied by TaqMan specific genotypes.
Results: Urea, creatinine and urine albumin values were significantly higher and glomerular filtration rate was lower in nephropathy group. Although frequency of TT genotype and also T allele was higher in nephropathy group, the difference was not significant.
Conclusion: There was no association between Taq1 polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in the studied population
Samira Majidi, Abdolali Banaeifar, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Sajad Arshadi,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is the most common glandular disease in the world. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three types of endurance, resistance and combination training on inflammation and insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: For this purpose, among eight-week-old male Wistar rats, 48 rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups (diabetic endurance training, diabetic resistance training, diabetic combination training, healthy combined training, healthy control and diabetic control). The rats became diabetic by injecting 95 mg of nicotinamide and after 15 minutes of STZ injection at the rate of 55 mg/kg body weight. 4 days after injection, rats with serum glucose above 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Then, the endurance training group trained for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week with moderate intensity (50-60% of maximum oxygen consumption). The initial load to start resistance training was 50% of the rat's body weight. Each session added 15% of body weight to the weights. The combined exercise group also performed resistance and endurance exercises in a row. 48 hours after the last session, the rats were anesthetized and visceral adipose tissue was removed to examine the variables.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effect of six weeks of endurance, resistance and combined exercise on inflammation and insulin resistance in the visceral adipose tissue of male diabetic mice.
Conclusion: The results confirm the effect of three training methods on the mechanisms involved in diabetes.
Fahimeh Kalhor, Sajad Arshadi, Ardeshir Zafari, Abdolali Banaeifar,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background: Obesity has been recognized as one of the top 10 health problems by the World Health Organization. The purpose of the present study was to the effect of aerobic training on atrogin, eotaxin and IL-10 indices in obese women.
Method: The present applied research was a quasi-experimental study in which 30 obese women aged 30-45 years were selected by available method from South Tehran Azad University (2016-2017) and randomly divided into two groups of aerobic exercise and control. 24 hours before the start of training, the individual characteristics of the subjects and the research variables (atrogen, eutoxin and IL-10) were measured in blood tissue, then the subjects of the experimental group had their training program for 8 weeks, 3 They performed one session per week and each session lasted 45-60 minutes under the supervision of a researcher. Dependent and independent t-test was used to analyze the data.
Results: Due to the lack of differences in pre-test scores, it was found that the groups were identical. It was also found that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise had a significant effect on the levels of eutoxin, atrogen and interleukin-10 in obese women (p = 0.001)
Conclusion: According to the research results, it is recommended that obese women exercise aerobically. Use to reduce the negative effects of obesity.
Shadi Jalalian, Hossein Abednatanzi, Mandana Gholami, Farshad Ghazalian,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes are one of the factors in the development of cognitive disorders and Alzheimer's. So measuring the changes in beta amyloid gene expression and insulin resistance as one of the prominent disorders in type 2 diabetes, following HIIT and thyme’s honey consumption is the aim of the research.
Methods: The present study was conducted with 36 young male Wistar rats, which were divided into 4 groups: control (C), interval training (T), thyme’s honey (H) and interval training-thyme’s honey (TH) was performed. The rats in the T and TH groups were trained for two months with intervals and intensity gradually increasing, and in the H and TH groups, they received 3 g/kg of thyme’s honey. Weight, fasting glucose and insulin were measured through the kit and insulin resistance index was done through the formula and gene expression were evaluated by RT-PCR. The findings were subjected to one-way and two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's test.
Results: Non-significant (NS) increase in weight, significant increase in insulin and significant decrease in gene expression in all intervention groups compared to C, significant decrease in fasting glucose in T and TH groups compared to C, significant decrease in insulin resistance in T group compared to other groups, NS increase was observed in group H and TH compared to C.
Conclusion: HIIT and thyme’s honey had synergistic effect to reduce glucose and beta-amyloid gene expression as a preventive strategy for the occurrence of pathological features related to Alzheimer's and memory impairment in diabetics.
