Mohamad Saleh Mohamadabadi , Abdulaziz Aflakseir ,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present research is to predict the self-care behaviors based on emotional distress and physician – patient’s relationship in adolescents with diabetes.
Methods: The research design was correlation and the study population included all adolescents with diabetes at Shiraz city. For this purpose, 198 adolescent patients participated in the study through the convenience sampling method. Research instruments included the Questionnaire of Diabetes Self-management, Emotional Distress Questionnaire and finally Physician–Patient’s Relationship Questionnaire. To analyze the data, the simultaneous multiple regression methods were applied using SPPS (version 17).
Results: Regression analysis showed that emotional distress (β=-0.58, P<0.001) significantly (negative) predicted diabetes self-care behaviors. Also, among the components of emotional distress only barriers to treatment (β=-0.53, P<0.001) significantly (negative) predicted diabetes self-care behaviors. However, results showed that physician–patient’s relationship did not significantly predicted diabetes self-care behaviors.
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be argued that the emotional distress (especially barriers to treatment) variable, play an important role in addressing diabetes self-care behaviors in adolescents.
Rasoul Soleimani Moghadam, Shabnam Mohammadi , Nayereh Kargar Kakhki , Maryam Mohammadi, Abolfazl Ghadimifar , Abolfazl Ahmadnejad , Atefeh Talaei Bagestani , Mahmoud Reza Nemat Allahi , Alireza Mohammadzadeh , Majid Ghayour Mobarhan, Fatemeh Mohammadzadeh ,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background: According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. Behavior modification to improve lifestyle habits can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the health promoting lifestyle in Patients with cardiovascular disease in 2014.
Methods: After approval of the study, 352 patients with cardiovascular disease in Gonabad city were enrolled 2014. Data were collected using Health Promoting Lifestyle Promoting (HPLP2) questionnaire. Then analyzed using SPSS software and the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The significance level of P value was considered to be less than 0.05.
Results: Three hundred and fifty-two patients (232 females and 120 males) were recruited, with a mean age of 61.89 ± 1.34 years. The highest mean score of lifestyle was 24.45 ± 8.05 in personal relationships and the lowest was 12.65 ± 5.60 in the area of stress management. All structures had the direct impact on the lifestyle that the most direct impact was social relations (R2= 0.329) and the least direct impact was stress management (R2= 0.164) and the strongest predictor of lifestyle in the mechanisms related to physical activity with the overall effect 14.38 was based on the pattern walker.
Conclusion: Considering, life style has a significant effect on cardiovascular disease. It is possible to improve the lifestyle of patients by providing steps to prevent and control this disease.
Farzane Saeidifard, Akbar Soltani, Fereshteh Ghadiri, Sahar Manavi, Motahareh Taleba, Moein Foroughi, Parvaneh Ansari, Mostafa Qorbani, Hamideh Moosapour,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (5-2018)
Abstract
Background: It is critical to understand how accurately physicians can estimate the importance of each clinical finding in estimating the probability of a specific diagnosis in the process of clinical decision making. This study aimed to investigate whether physicians’ estimates of the importance of various clinical findings of ascites correlated with the positive likelihood ratios of these findings in diagnosis of ascites.
Methods: One hundred and ten physicians were asked to respond to a questionnaire. In this questionnaire they were presented with a clinical scenario about a patient suspected of having ascites followed by a list of clinical findings. Participants were asked to assign a weight (between 0 and 100%) to each clinical finding based on their perception of how much the presence of that finding changed the probability of ascites for the patient. Positive likelihood ratios of those findings were extracted from current best evidence. We investigated if the weights assigned by physicians were associated with the positive likelihood ratios of those findings.
Results: Significant differences were discovered between the weights assigned by the physicians and the positive likelihood ratios for each clinical finding. Significant positive correlation was observed between the weights assigned by different groups of physicians.
Conclusion: Physicians inaccurately estimated the importance of various clinical findings in the diagnosis of ascites. Further research is needed to determine if such inaccurate estimations would lead to any adverse clinical outcomes.
Sima Zahedi, Ali Darvishpoor Kakhaki, Meimanat Hosseini, Zahra Razzaghi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (5-2018)
Abstract
Background: Hemodialysis is the most common treatment in patients with end stage of renal disease (ESRD). Patients undergoing hemodialysis due to multiple drug treatments, special food programs and being able to cope with their illness need to self-care activities. Due to lack of information about the role of health literacy in effectiveness of self-care in these patients, this research aimed to determine the correlation between self-care and health literacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Valiasr Hospital of Arak in 2015.
Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, 93 undergoing hemodialysis patients selected by objective sampling method. Data collecting instruments were "demographic questionnaire", "self-care questionnaire " and "Health Literacy for Iranian Adults questionnaire". The content and face validity of questionnaires was assessed. Reliability assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and Intra- Class Correlation Coefficient. Data were analyzed by SPSS, version 21, using, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Descriptive Statistics and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.
Results: The results showed that 79/6% of patients were male and 20/4% were female with an average age of 54/18 ± 13/9 year. The mean score of self-care and health literacy were 146/90± 45/46, 88/14± 36/42 and were at a moderate level. The lowest score of self-care and health education related to the field of fluid intake and decision-making and behavior. There was a significant positive correlation between self-care and health literacy (p<0/0001, r= 0/6).
Conclusion: The existence of a significant positive correlation between self-care and health literacy showed that the hospital managers and the nurses must pay more attention to what patients undergoing hemodialysis need. Considering the importance of health literacy in the care of patients undergoing hemodialysis, it seems necessary to nursing administrators and Politicians use educational programs tailored to the patient's health literacy level in order to promote their health and quality of life.
Seyed Habibollah Mousavi Bahar, Mehdi Komaki, Nasim Karimi, Ronak Hamzehei,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in the health, survival and fertility of humans, This Vitamin has a significant role in calcium homeostasis and cellular growth and facilitating normal immune system function. In recent years, the role of vitamin D in various diseases has been highlighted. Regarding high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran, The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and status of vitamin D of Hamadan.
Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study in a one-year period, 7816 patients were referred to the laboratories of Shahid Beheshti and Farshchian Sina Hospitals of Hamadan Were investigated. The data was analyzed using R-version 3.2.3 and at a significant level of 0.05. The modified effect of age and sex factors on vitamin D level was investigated using logistic regression model.
Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 0.69 in Hamadan province. 20.2% had severe deficiency (less than 10 Ng/ml) vitamin D, 20.5% moderate deficiency (10 to 20 Ng /ml), 28.6% mild deficiency (20 to30 Ng/ml), the prevalence of this deficiency was 46.7% in men and 38.7% in women. According to the results, there is a significant relationship between sex and age with vitamin D levels (p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Based on this study and other studies, vitamin D deficiency is common in Iran and requires further investigation to improve the quality of life and prevent complications from deficiency of this essential vitamin.
Mohammad Azimi Alamouti , Niloufar Shayan, Maryam Momeni, Masoumeh Nouri, Azam Koohkan, Ensiyeh Hajizadeh-Saffar, Fatemeh Soltanolizadeh, Maliheh Mahmoudi, Mahin Jamshidi Makiani, Marzieh Ebrahimi,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: For nearly 100 years, amniotic membranes have been used to treat various types of skin wounds. Amniotic extract is one of the derivatives of amniotic membrane that contains all the properties of amniotic membrane. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of the amniotic membrane extract in the treatment of diabetic ulcers.
Methods: This study was an Open labeled clinical trial without control group. A total of 10 patients with Wagner Grade 2 diabetic foot ulcers were selected in both sexes. The extract was used every 48 hours in the first week and every 72 hours from the second week until the end of the wound treatment. Patients were followed up weekly until wound healing.
Results: In this study 80% of patients were men and 20% were women with mean age (56.7 ± 8.7) years. The ulcer duration was 8.9 ± 2.12 weeks. The mean area of ulcers at the time of entry into the wound group ≥ 500 mm2, 977.5 ± 201.9 and in the wound group ≤500 mm2 was 145.6 ± 36.4. At 4 weeks post treatment, the wound healing rate in the wound group was ≤500mm2 ,98.9 ± 2.40 % and in the wound group ≥mm2 500 was 92.1 ± 7.23%. in sixth week of treatment, ulcers were complete closure in both groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the use of amniotic extract can be effective in the healing of diabetes foot ulcer without any side effects.
Ata Pourabassi, Zahra Kheiry, Sarah Nouriyengejeh, Solmaz-Sadat Naghavi Alhosseini, Farnaz Banakar,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: The main problem of modern humans is non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc. Diabetes has the highest prevalence. It imposes many costs on society and the patient. Diabetics have special needs for a better life; hence, the researcher's aim is to accomplish them by defining researches and technology missions. Our purpose was to understand the real needs of a diabetic patient. Previous studies were evaluated to find out which one was effective.
Methods: In this research, 120 diabetic children's parents were requested to write a letter entitled "Hi Inventor" and describe any efficient inventions, which could make life easier for their children. Besides, research papers and patents from Iran over the past ten years have been evaluated in terms of their compliance with patients' needs.
Results: Parent's statements gathered in the form of 12 real needs. The main concern was the invasive method of blood glucose testing and they were asking for innovative method to measure blood glucose with less pain. Among published articles by Iranian researchers over the past ten years, 3% of the articles were in some way related to the actual needs of patients with diabetes. A total of 1017 patents from Iran was looked for, there were 3 diabetes-related patents.
Discussion: To sufficiently support the conducting research and identifying research priorities in the country, it is necessary to consider a balanced ratio between fundamental and applied research so that the patients' community can benefit from the early results of research as well.
Elma Tabari, Hamid Mohebbi, Pouran Karimi, Kamilia Moghaddami, Mousa Khalafi,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 12 weeks interval training with high and moderate intensity on PGC-1α of skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetic male rats.
Methods: 40 male rats were divided into two groups: High fat diet (HFD) (n=32) and standard diet (C) (n=8) for 10 weeks. After inducing type2 diabetes via STZ, 8 diabetic rats (D) and 8 rats in group C rats sacrificed and the remaining 24 Rats were randomly assigned to three groups of diabetic control (DC), moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT).The MIIT protocol includes 13 bouts of 4-minute activity with equivalent intensity of 60-65% vo2max and the HIIT protocol includes 10 bouts of 4-minute activity with equivalent intensity of 85-90% vo2max with 2 minute active rest periods that was applied for 12 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Western Blot method was used to measure PGC-1α protein levels.
Results: The results showed that PGC-1α protein levels were significantly lower in the D group compared to the HC group. In contrast, the HIIT protocol resulted in an increase in protein levels of PGC-1α compared to DC2 group. While MICT had no significant effect on protein levels of PGC-1α (P <0.05). Also, there was no significant difference between the two training groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that the intensity of interval training plays an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle PGC-1α and possibly mitochondria biogenesis in type 2 diabetic rats.
Zahra Nourollahi, Vahid Valipour Dehnou, Rasoul Eslami,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: Physical activity is an effective stimulant for improving the health of elderly people with metabolic syndrome by increasing energy consumption and thus reducing body fat. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of high intensity circuit training (HICT) on serum BDNF and Irisin levels and body weight in elderly women with metabolic syndrome in Khorramabad city.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 18 females (age 71.00 ± 6.17 years; weight 62.22 ± 9.18 kg; height 153.67 ± 3.27 cm) with metabolic syndrome voluntarily participated. During their daily routine, the subjects participated in an 8-week HICT protocol that performed 3 sessions per week. 24 hours before the training protocol and 48 hours after the training protocol, the fasting blood sample was taken by the laboratory expert between 7:30 minutes to 8 hours. ELISA kits were used to measure serum levels of BDNF and Irisin. The paired-Samples T test was used to identify any significant differences and statistical significance was set at p < .05.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in serum BDNF (p = .001) and Irisin (p = .033) levels and significant decrease in body weight (p = .001) in comparison with pre-test values in elderly women with metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: High intensity circuit training in elderly women with metabolic syndrome increases serum BDNF and Irisin concentrations and possibly, the increase in these two factors can have beneficial effects on the lipid profile and finally body weight of these individuals.
Fereshteh Shahidi, Faramarz Yazdani, Abbasali Gaieni, Poran Karimi,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the first cause of death in diabetic patients and angiogenesis is the most important mechanism for the recovery of heart blood flow in physiologic and pathologic conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of moderate continuous and sever interval training on heart angiogenesis in Wistar male diabetic rats.
Methods: 32 Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups: healthy non-exercised, diabetic no exercise, diabetic + moderate continuation and diabetic + severe interval exercises. Two types of exercises were calibrated and the exercise intensity was determined based on the maximum oxygen consumption and 5 days a week. The pro-angiogenic (VEGF, MMP2, TGFβ1) and anti-angiogenic (TIMP2) agents of the left ventricle of the heart were taken from the rat after 48 hours of the last training session. Western blot method was used to evaluate the synthesis of proteins involved in angiogenic route. Data were measured by one-way variance analysis with repeated measurements (P =0/000).
Results: The results showed that the levels of proangiogenic VEGF, MMP2, TGFβ1 significantly increased, but the anti-angiogenic factor of TIMP2 decreased (P <0.05). In addition, the maximum level of oxygen consumed in both continuous and periodic training groups showed a significant increase.
Conclusion: Moderate and continuous exercise increases angiogenic factors in the heart of diabetic Wistar rats, which is a good way to reduce the mortality rate of diabetes.
Benazir Golavar, Ali Sheibani, Masoumeh Tabatabaee,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: The ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an analytical technique that is widely used due to its high sensitivity and speed for the detection of ionized molecules in gas phase and under atmospheric pressure. Breath analysis is a new method for obtaining information about person's clinical conditions that is considered by researchers. Human exhaled air contains a variety of components such as water vapor, hydrogen, acetone which in case of disease changes the amount of them. Some of these substances are highly related to diseases like asthma, lung cancer, diabetes. In this research work, the detection and measurement of acetone in breath of diabetics is described using an ion mobility spectrometer with a corona-positive ionization source.
Methods: Instrumental parameters such as cell and injection temperatures, drift and corona voltages, carrier and drift gas flow rates, and pulse width were investigated. Under optimum conditions, calibration curve and other figures of merits were determined. Under optimum conditions, the breath of diabetics were sampled by syringe and then injected to IMS.
Results: Under optimum experimental conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range of 10-80 ng. The relative standard deviation for 20 and 50 ng of acetone with 6 times the measurement were 7.2 and 6.2%, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were 2.7 and 9 ng, respectively. The developed method has been used satisfactory to determine of acetone in the breath of diabetics.
Saeideh Tabibirad, Hosein Abednatanzi, Hojatallah Nikbakht, Farshad Ghazalian, Mandana Gholami,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Obesity increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes with regard to the hormones involved. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on Dpp-4 and GLP-1 in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: From among obese women with type-2 diabetes mellitus 35-50 years old referred to the Diabetes Association of Saveh, 20 people were voluntarily selected and randomly assigned to two groups of control (10) and Experiment group (10) were divided. Twenty four hours before the beginning of the training, the individual characteristics of the subjects included age, height, weight, body mass index and research variables (insulin resistance, Dpp-4 and GLP-1) in the pre-test and the training group Aerobic exercise lasted for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 45-60 minutes each session, and the control group did not practice. After 8 weeks and 24 hours after the last training session, the individual characteristics and variables of the research were again measured. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and dependent t-test at p≤0.05.
Results: There was a significant increase in the level of GLP-1 (P= 0.001) and a significant decrease in DPP-4 level (P= 0.001) in the aerobic exercise group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Results showed that Dpp-4 and GLP-1 values were significantly different in aerobic training group after 8 weeks compared to control group. It was also found that aerobic training significantly increased the level of GLP-1 and decreased the level of DPP-4.
Reza Omidi Ghanbari, Rahman Soori, Ahmad Hemmatfar,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Adropin is a peptide hormone playing a role in energy homeostasis and prevention of obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise with low intensity on serum adropin levels and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in obese sedentary adolescent boys.
Methods: This study was carried out in a quasi-experimental design. 26 obese adolescent boys were recruited (Mean ± SD: 13.4±0.81 yr; weight: 85.44±8.51kg) and were randomly assigned into two groups: aerobic exercise and control group. The training group performed running with intensity of 50-65% of maximal heart rate, three times a week for 10 weeks. Before and after intervention, blood sampling for measurement of serum adropin, fasting insulin and glucose was carried out. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and independent t-test at significant levels of P≤0.05.
Results: Weight (P=0.001) and body fat percent (P=0.017) showed significant reduction in aerobic group in posttest compared to pretest and control group. Serum adropin levels were increased significantly in aerobic exercise group compared to pretest and control group (P=0.0001). Significant correlation was seen between changes of adropin with changes of weight, body fat percent and HOMA-IR (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: According to the relationship between adropin with body composition and insulin resistance and also, its influence from aerobic exercise, adropin may play a special role in weight and obesity management.
Mohammad Sharif Bagheri, Vahid Valipour Dehnou, Ahmad Hematfar,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background: Increased expression of HDAC5 reduces the expression of GLUT4 in slow-twitch fibers, and this mechanism has not been studied in diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of study was to investigate the effect of six weeks endurance training on protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 in soleus muscle in diabetic rats.
Methods: For this purpose, 32 male Wistar rats (weight: 245±9.4 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetic, diabetic and training, training, and control. At 8 weeks of age, diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. The endurance training was carried out five times per week for 6 weeks. 24 hours after the completion of the protocol, the mice were sacrificed and their soleus muscle was extracted. Then, the protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 were measured using ELISA method. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data at a significant level of P<0.05.
Results: Results showed significant differences between control and training (P=0.008), training and diabetic training (P=0.004), and training and diabetic (P=0.0005) groups in GLUT4 levels. But, in HDAC5, results showed that there is not significant differences only between control and training groups (P=0.99), and there are significant differences among other groups (P<0.05). Also, there is a significant inverse relationship between the protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 (P=0.012, r =-0.439).
Conclusion: It seems that six weeks moderate intensity endurance training increases protein levels of GLUT4. But endurance training only can decreases protein levels of HDAC5 in diabetes.
Masoud Jokar, Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a complication type 2 diabetes mellitus that can lead to cardiac muscle autophagy through the proteins FOXO3a and Beclin-1. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 8 weeks High intensity interval training (HIIT) on the content of FOXO3a and Beclin-1 proteins in heart muscle tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats with type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270±20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, diabetic training (6 heads) and diabetic control (6 heads). The training group trained for 4 days a week in accordance with the training program (each session 42 minutes, 10-30 m/m) for 8 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. Also, rats did not receive any insulin treatment during the study period. The independent t-test was used to analyze the data. Significance level is considered p≤0.05.
Results: Eight weeks of HIIT training resulted in a significant decrease in FOXO3a (P=0.008) and Beclin-1 (P=0.002) proteins content in diabetic training group compared to diabetic control group.
Conclusion: It can be said that eight weeks of HIIT training decreased the FOXO3a/Beclin-1 autophagy pathway by decreasing FOXO3a and
Beclin-1 protein content. Therefore, the use of HIIT exercises may be useful for diabetic subjects who are prone to diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Babak Hooshmand Moghadam, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Sahabeh Mahdian, Ali Bakhtiyari, Mozhgan Eskandari,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes and obesity are associated with a decrease in sexual function and sexual activity due to changes in sex hormones. The purpose of this study was to investigate the Independent and interactive effect of Tribulus terrestris supplementation and resistance training on testosterone, FSH, LH and erectile function in obese men with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 obese men with type II diabetes (41.97±8.01 years old, BMI 31.97±1.87 kg/m2) were divided into four groups: 1) Resistance training+ placebo 2) Tribulus terrestris 3) Resistance training+Tribulus terrestris 4) Control. Subjects in the first and third groups performed a Resistance training protocol for 8 weeks. Also, the subjects in the second and third groups received Tribulus terrestris 1000 mg daily (two 500 mg capsules) and the first group received the same amount of placebo. Blood samples and questionnaires were collected in two stages before and after the test to assess the biochemical values and erectile function. Statistical analysis of data was performed using t-test, one way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Results showed that erectile, testosterone, FSH and LH values increased significantly in the three groups of resistance training, tribulus terrestris and resistance training+tribulus terrestris (P≤0.05). Also, were observed significant difference in all variables between resistance training+tribulus terrestris group whit resistance training and tribulus terrestris groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: It seams that eight weeks of independent Tribulus terrestris Consumption and performing Resistance training increases sexual and erectile function. But it seams, combining these two, causes more sexual and erectile dysfunction in obese men with type 2 diabetes.
Zahra Moradi, Mehrnaz Sadat Ravari, Effat Farrokhi, Morteza Hashemzadeh Chaleshtori,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: Type II diabetes is a chronic inflammatory condition that is associated with a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Tumor necrosis factor alpha or TNF-α as an adipocyte cytokine, which affects the signaling pathway of insulin, can contribute to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients. Considering the importance of epigenetic changes in multifactorial diseases, this study aimed to investigate TNF-α promoter methylation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This study was performed on 61 patients with type 2 diabetes and 31 non-diabetic patients. The Groups were matched in terms of demographic characteristics. The lipid profiles were measured by standard kits. TNF-α promoter methylation levels were measured by bisulphite treatment method, Nested PCR and sequencing.
Results: There was no association between TNF-α promoter methylation gene promoter and type 2 diabetes in the studied groups. Also, there was no association between TNF-α promoter methylation in diabetic and non-diabetic groups between males and females.
Conclusion: The epigenetic changes in cytokines that contribute to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients seem to be ineffective in peripheral blood samples, and other tissues may need to be investigated in this regard.
Fatemeh Zarei, Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam, Maryam Shabani, Masoud Jokar,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes can impair the function of important cellular pathways. Activation of the mTOR pathway results in regulation of the SREBP1 protein for metabolism and regulation of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval training on the content of
mTOR and SREBP1 in adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 to 2-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300 20± 20 g were selected and after being diabetic by induction of STZ and nicotine amide, randomly divided in two groups, diabetic training (6 rats) and diabetic control (6 rats). Exercise group training 4 days a week for 4 weeks according to the training HIIT; The control group had no exercise program. Independent t-test and dependent t-test were used for data analysis.
Results: There was no significant change in mTOR protein content (p=0.12); But the SREBP1 protein content (p=0.001) increased significantly. The weight of control group (P=0.0001) and HIIT group (P=0.010) showed a significant increase. Blood sugar in the control group also increased significantly (P=0.0001), but HIIT mice did not show a significant change (P = 0.14).
Conclusion: 4 weeks of HIIT
training did not significantly change weight, blood glucose and mTOR protein content. But it did increase the SREBP1 content, so factors such as duration and intensity of training should be adjusted in order to achieve the best results when administering HIIT.
Maryam Seyed Heaydari, Abbas Aadeghi, Ali Hemati Afif,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: Cytokines are immune related factors. Production of pro inflammatory cytokines in diabetic patients is increased, which is exacerbated by vigorous training. This study investigates the response of serum IL-2 and IL-4 to eight-week high Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) with caffeine intake on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in diabetic rats.
Methods: In a clinical-interventional animal study, 50 male rats were randomly assigned to 5 equal groups (control group (C), diabetes group (D), diabetes + caffeine group (D+Ca), diabetes + training group (D+T), diabetes + training + caffeine group (D+Ca+T)) and subjected to 8 weeks of caffeine supplementation (70 mg / kg of caffeine powder was injected five days each week) and 8 weeks of 5 sessions per week with 6 to 12 times, 2-min intervals with intensity of 85-90% of maximal speed. 48 hours after the last training session, immunological factors including IL-2 and IL-4 were measured. Statistical analysis of variables was performed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests at the significant level (P<0.05).
Results: The results showed that (D+Ca) group had the lowest IL2 in comparison with (D) group (P= 0.001). IL-4 had the highest in (D+Ca) and (D+Ca+T) groups (P = 0.001). But these differences were not statistically significant between (D+Ca) and (D+Ca+T) groups (P= 0.67).
Conclusion: It seems that caffeine to play a role in improving the status of IL-2 and IL-4 in streptozotocin-induced diabetes, but HIIT exercises are not effective in this regard.
Amir Akbari, Hamid Mohebbi, Elma Tabari,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high fat diet-induced obesity and interval and continuous exercise training on visceral fat SIRT1 and insulin resistance in male rats.
Method: Forty male rats were divided into two groups: high-fat diet (HFD; n=32) and standard diet (C; n=8). After 10 weeks inducing obesity, eight rats from the HFD and C groups were sacrificed, and rest of obese rats were randomly divided into three groups: obesity control (OC), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT). The HIIT and MICT protocols were performed for 12 weeks and 5 sessions per week. Visceral fat samples were collected to measure protein levels of SIRT1 by western.
Results: Induction of obesity was associated with a significant decrease in visceral fat SIRT1 and an increase in insulin resistance (P˂0.05). In contrast, both HIIT and MICT significantly increased visceral fat SIRT1 protein levels (P˂0.05), whereas HIIT effects were significantly higher (P˂0.05). Also, both HIIT and MICT protocols improved insulin resistance (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: Exercise training is likely to play an important role in regulation of visceral fat SIRT1 and because of that may be effective in improving insulin resistance. The increase in SIRT1 also appears to be dependent on the intensity of exercise training.
