Showing 146 results for Training
Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi, Mehdi Mahdavi,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background: Myokines released from skeletal muscle have multiple metabolic and hypertrophic effects. On the other hand, one of proposed pathways for effects of exercise training on metabolic diseases is calcineurin signaling pathway. With considering to relation between interleukin-6 (IL-6) and calcineurin, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the resistance training has an effect on mRNA expression of IL-6 myokine and regulator of calcineurin 1(RCAN-1) in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.
Methods: Thirty two Rats randomly were divided into the control, training, diabetic control and diabetic training groups. Diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Training groups performed the 17 sessions of resistance training. The IL-6 and RCAN-1 mRNA expression were measured in Soleus skeletal muscle using the Real-time PCR method. Two-way analysis variance was used for statistical analysis. Also, Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The results of this study showed that the mRNA expression of RCAN-1 was increased with resistance training in skeletal muscle of training groups (P<0.05). Also, diabetes was decreased expression of RCAN-1 in skeletal muscle of diabetic groups (P<0.001). Moreover, resistance training was increased mRNA expression of IL-6 in skeletal muscle (P=0.08).
Conclusion: With considering to our results, resistance training with direct effects on skeletal muscle could regulate calcineurin pathway in diabetes and concurrent increase in expression of IL-6 myokine. It seems that activation of this signaling pathway with resistance training could maintain skeletal muscle mass in diabetes.
Leila Zamanpour, Ebrahim Banitalebi, Seyed Ehsan Amirhosseini,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (7-2016)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to the comparison of the effect of 12 weeks of sprint training and concurrent aerobic and strength training on high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and insulin resistance in women with diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Methods: 52 overweight female type 2 diabetic patients (age; 45-60 years old and fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l)) were assessed for eligibility. Participants were assigned to intense interval training group (N=17), concurrent resistance- endurance training group (N=17) and control group (N=18). The combined strength-endurance group did 12 weeks, three sessions per week endurance training with 60 % of maximal heart rate and two session resistance training with 70 % 1-RM. Intense interval training group did three session/week of 4-10 repetition of all out 30s Wingate on ergometer were included 10 weeks of concurrent resistance- endurance training and intense interval training.
Results: The results showed that following sprint training, there were significant changes in hs-CRP (p<0.001), but it wasn’t significant following concurrent training (p=0.062). According to results, TNF-α change were not significant in intense sprint (p=0.11) and concurrent training (p=0.23). Differences were not significant for the fasting blood glucose in the intense interval training groups (p=0.000). Serum insulin levels showed significant increases in the SIT (p<0.000) and concurrent training (p=0.000) significantly. The data showed significant differences in insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in intense interval training (p=0.000) and concurrent resistance- endurance training (p=0.008). ANCOVA test showed no significant difference in fasting blood glucose concentrations (P=0.171).
Conclusion: Intense sprint training compare to concurrent strength-endurance training can have better inflammatory status for patients with type 2diabete.
Mehdi Zarei, Mohamadreza Hamedinia, Amirhossein Haghighi, Raha Noorafshar, Sara Amini,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare effects of three combined aerobic-resistance exercise training protocols with different intensities on metabolic control and Visfatin levels in men with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: 43 male patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into 4 groups (three combined aerobic-resistance exercise training groups 1, 2, 3 and control). Training groups performed combined aerobic-resistance exercises for 12weeks, 3 times a week with given intensities )group 1:resistance 50-60% one repetition maximum- aerobic 70-80%maximum heart rate, group 2:resistance 60-70% one repetition maximum- aerobic 60-70% maximum heart rate and group 3:resistance 70-80% one repetition maximum- aerobic 50-60% maximum heart rate). Blood sampling to determine the levels of Visfatin, insulin, HbA1c, fasting glucose before and after 12weeks, were conducted.
Results: Visfatin levels and HbA1c in all training groups and fasting glucose in 2 combined training groups significantly decreased compared with control group (P<0.05). Vo2max was significantly increased in all training groups (P<0.05). No significant difference were observed between groups in body weight, Body mass index, fat mass, insulin levels and resistance insulin.
Conclusion: 12 weeks of combined aerobic-resistance exercise training protocols with were executed intensities through decreasing Visfatin and HbA1c levels and improving aerobic capacity could be helpful in patient with type 2diabetes. In addition to the above benefits, combined exercise training protocols of with intensity of 60-70% maximum heart rate–intensity 60-70% repetition maximum due to reducing fasting blood glucose could give greater benefits to patients.
Rasoul Mohammadi, Hasan Matin Homaee, , Mohammad Ali Azerbaijani, Kazem Baesi,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (1-2017)
Abstract
Background: Cardiomyopathy is a side effect caused by diabetes. Prolonged hyperglycemia gives rise to an increase in the expression of the receiver gene RAGE subsequently triggering pathogenesis cardiac signaling pathways in the heart of rats with type II diabetes. The present paper aims to examine how a 12 week Resistance training on gene expressions RAGE, ICAM, VCAM in the heart of diabetic rats with STZ.
Methods: 16 male Wistar rats with weight mean ranging from 200 ± 20 g were randomly assigned to two groups of Resistance diabetes (n = 8) and control diabetes (n = 8) and were kept under lab circumstances. A 12 week Resistance training was administered with the experimental group and 48 hours after the end of the last training session the rats were made unconscious and examined. Their hearts were, afterwards, cut out and the extent of gene expressions RAGE, ICAM, VCAM in the left ventricular heart was measured using Real time-PCR method.
Results: The results indicated there was a significant difference between left ventricular heart of the Resistance diabetes and that of control diabetes in terms of gene expression RAGE, yet no significant difference was detected between the two groups in terms of gene expressions ICAM, VCAM.
Conclusion: According to the results, in seems that Resistance trainings effectively reduce gene expressions RAGE and reduction pattern but non-significant in the Gene ICAM, VCAM in left ventricular heart of diabetic rats and therefore can be considered an effective way in reducing pathogenesis cardiac signaling pathways in the heart of rats with type II diabetes.
Hamed Rezaei Nasab, Roohollah Ranjbar, Abdolhamid Habibi, Mohammad Taher Afshoon Pour,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract
visfatin secreted by various factors, including cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 is affected. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of combined training (resistance circular - aerobic) visfatin concentration, IL-6 and TNF-α in obese men with type II diabetes.
Methods: The population of the research was all men with diabetes type II in District 2 of Ahwaz. Twenty four patients with diabetes type II, aged 40-55 years and fasting blood glucose lower than 200 mg /dl were selected by purposive sampling. First, the anthropometric variables and body composition were measured, then subjects were randomly divided into two groups (experimental, n=12 and control, n=12). Combined exercise training was done for 8 weeks (5 days/week, 30 to 50 minutes) for experimental group. To analyze the changes in the covariance analysis and dependent t test measured variables at a significance level of p≤05.
Result: After eight-week combined exercise training, fasting blood glucose and plasma visfatin significantly decreased p≤05. But no significant changes were observed in the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α p≥05. Also, the inverse relationship between plasma visfatin with IL-6 and TNF-α was observed (P≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of combined training despite a positive effect on plasma visfatin, due to no significant changes in plasma IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with type 2 diabetes, it seems this type of exercise in reducing obesity and visceral fat and thereby reducing plasma visfatin is appropriate, but the potential change in IL-6 and TNF-α does.
Mohsen Omidi, Mehrzad Moghadasi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (3-2018)
Abstract
Abstract: Pancreatic β-cells function and insulin sensitivity resistance were impaired in type 2 diabetes. Exercise training may improves these impairs, however, this is not well known. The aim of present study was to examine the Effect of 8 weeks aerobic training on pancreatic β-cells function and insulin resistance in female patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Twenty middle-aged women (age, 40 -50 years) with type 2 diabetes participated as the subject. The subjects were randomly assign to control group (n=10) or the training group (n=10). The subjects in the training group performed 30 to 45 min aerobic training on the treadmill with 60- 75% of their maximum heart rate, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The subjects in the control group were instructed to maintain their normal physical activity throughout the study.
Results: The results indicated that fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin and insulin resistance index decrease in the training group compare to the control group (P<0.05); however, pancreatic β-cells function has no significant change after the intervention (P=0.2).
Conclusion: In summary, it seems that aerobic training utilized in this study improves glucose entry into cells but it had not effective on pancreatic β-cells function.
Mahdi Ghafari, Mohamad Faramarzi, Ebrahim Banitalebi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (5-2018)
Abstract
Background: Lipid metabolism disorder in muscle plays an important role in creating insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Perilipin 3 (PLIN3) is one of PLIN proteins in regulation of muscle lipolysis. The purpose of this study was compared two different endurance training intensities on perilipin 3 protein expression in skeletal muscle, serum insulin levels and glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Method: 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. Low and high and high-intensity and control group. Endurance training was applied three times a week for eight weeks. The low-intensity exercise group was trained to the treadmill by running at a speed of 60 percent of vo2max and high-intensity training 85%Vo2max. The expression of the plin2 protein was analyzed by Western blot technique. To determine the significance of differences between the groups, the results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α= 0.05).
Results: Direct comparison between the groups by ANOVA showed significant differences in perilipin 3 (p=0.0006). Tukey's post hoc test showed that there was a statistical difference between the mean values of the diabetic control group and high-intensity endurance group (P = 0.01). Perilipin 3 not significantly increased in low-intensity exercise compared to the control group (P=0. 67). Also, the comparison between groups showed, there was significant difference between the three groups. The serum levels of glucose and insulin (respectively p=0.001 and p=.001).
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the Effects of with high-intensity endurance training increase the expression perilipin 3 in diabetes rats.
Bahareh Heidari Sharif Abadi, Farzaneh Taghian,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 10 weeks of Intensity Interval Training and Supplementation green tea on serum level of irisin and insulin resistance in obese women with type 2 diabetes
Methods: In this semi-experimental study,48 women with type II diabetes (aged 49/55±3/04 years with Weight 76/72±5/78 kg, Height 153/33±5/06 Cm, BMI 31/75±1/41 Kg/m2, selected and grouped randomly into four groups the intensity interval training (n=12), combined (green tea extract along with intensity interval training) (n=12) green tea extract (n=12), and the control group(n=12). Training group performed training programs including 3sessions per week at maximum intensity of 75-85% heart rate and the supplement group consumed 3 tablets of green tea (500 mg) daily for 10 weeks high intensity interval training and the supplement group both underwent intervention. Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention in fasting state. The obtained data was analyzed using of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test and paired t-test analysis. The significant level was P<0/05.
Results: The results showed that irisin levels and maximum oxygen consumption in all three groups increased significantly after 10 weeks compared to the control group (P≤0.05) Also, the results indicate a significant increase in irezin in the combined group compared with the green tea group. Serum insulin level, glucose, insulin resistance and weight, body mass index decreased significantly in all three groups compared to control group and green tea group and combination group (P≤0.05).No significant difference was found between the groups in the irisin levels)P>0.05).
Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, it seems that performing periodic exercises along with supplementation of green tea due to increased irisin and glucose reduction can be helpful in improving insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Perhaps the desired results can be achieved by increasing the duration of exercise and supplementation with iyrosin and the maximum oxygen intake.
Khalid Mohamadzadeh Salamat,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background: The relationship between adipokines, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes has been well documented. However, the effect of exercise training modalities on some of the new adipokines and their association with insulin resistance is not clear. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of endurance and progressive resistance training on serum adiponectin, vaspin and insulin resistance in overweight and obese men.
Methods: 33 overweight men (mean BMI= 27.3 kg/m2) were randomly divided into 3 groups of n=11, including; 1- continues training, 2- progressive resistance training and 3-control. The training protocols was lasted to eight weeks, three days a week in continues and progressive resistance training groups. Before the beginning of the training and 72 hours after the last training session, blood samples were collected for measuring serum adiponectin, vaspin, glucose and insulin.
Results: There was a significant decrease in insulin levels and a significant increase in serum adiponectin and vaspin in both groups of continuous and progressive resistance training (P<0.05). After the training, there was a significant difference between the groups in the concentration of adiponectin (P= 0.001) and vaspin (P= 0.021). However, there was no significant difference between continuous and progressive resistance training groups in any of the variables.
Conclusion: It seems that progressive resistance training like the endurance training, improves anti-inflammatory indices and insulin resistance of overweight and obese men.
Rahman Soori, Mahdi Angouti, Mohammad Reza Asad, Sadegh Sattarifard, Azam Ramezankhani,
Volume 17, Issue 6 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background: Zinc-Alpha 2-Glycoprotein (ZAG) has recently been implicated in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism due to its negative association with obesity and insulin resistance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of eight weeks HIIT on level of ZAG in plasma and adipose tissue in type 2 diabetic male rats.
Methods: Twenty one male rats were divided into the three groups of sham control (healthy), control (diabetic), and interval training (diabetic with training). The training group received 8 weeks of training sessions each with 5-12 repetitions of high intensity training for 15-30 seconds at the speed of 27-34 meters per second on a treadmill followed by one minute of active rest. Twenty four hours after the training session blood and body fat samples were taken to measure ZAG levels. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hock test at the significance level of 0.05 (P<0.05).
Results: There were significant differences between the sham control and the control with respect to ZAG contents in adipose tissue, which was lower in the diabetic control group (P<0.001). Moreover, significant differences in ZAG contents of adipose tissue were also observed between the sham control and the group receiving the training, with the sham control having higher ZAG contents in adipose tissue (P<0.005). The eight-week HIIT significantly increased the amount of secreted ZAG in adipose tissue compared to the control diabetic group (P=0.003). No significant differences were recorded between the groups in ZAG plasma levels.
Conclusion: The HIIT increased ZAG content in the adipose tissue of the male diabetic rats. This can reduce insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
Karim Azali Alamdari, Mousa Khalafi,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays an important role in regulation of energy metabolism and insulin resistance; however, the synergistic effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on FGF21 and insulin resistance are not elucidated which was focused in this study.
Methods: This experimental research was conducted by pretest- posttest design with control group. In this study, 24 obese men were assigned into two groups including
HIIT (n=12, age: 39.83 ± 5.63 years, weight: 100.83 ± 5.81 kg and body mass index: 32.73 ± 2.8 kg/m2) and Control (n=12, age: 39.41 ± 5.23 years, weight: 100.08 ± 4.71 kg, and body mass index: 32.34 ± 1.43 kg/m2). The HIIT group experienced eight weeks of intensive exercises (three sessions per week, four bouts in each session at the intensity of 85-90% of maximum heart rate (MHR) with 3-minute active rest intervals (at 60-50% of MHR) between exercise bouts. Blood samples were collected at baseline and also 48 hours following to the last training session. The data were compared using paired and independent samples t tests.
Results: HIIT resulted in a contemporary reduction of plasma glucose and serum insulin and FGF21 and also improved HOMA index (P˂0/05).
Conclusion: High intensity interval training plays an effective role in improvement of insulin resistance and reduction of serum FGF21 in obese subjects, which may be due to an improved FGF21 resistance.
Saleh Afrasyabi, Seyed Mohammad Marandi, Mehdi Kargarfard,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (1-2019)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity training on IL-
6, GLP-1 and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetic patients
Methods: 80 participants (40-50 years old) volunteered to participate in the study and divided into eight groups (four groups of severe periodic exercises and four uncontrolled control groups). Blood samples were collected and analyzed for measuring IL-6, GLP-1, lipid profile and glycemic index before and after weeks 4, 8 and after the training program.
Results: After 12 weeks of training, the effect of time and interaction between time × group on GLP-1 and IL-6 variables was statistically significant. Also, there was a significant difference between groups based on 12 weeks of training in these indices. Lipid profile was significantly improved in type 2 diabetic and glycemic control in obese and non-diabetic groups that had 12 weeks of high intensity interval training.
Conclusion: Overall, high intensity interval training, through changes in various mechanisms, lead to improvement in lipid and glycemic disorders, inflammation and appetite in obese people with type 2 diabetes. Hence, according to the findings of the study, researchers suggest that performing high intensity interval training can lead to significant improvements in obese subjects (with and without type 2 diabetes).
Smaneh Rahnavard, Nasrin Elahi, Darush Rokhafroz, Mohamad Hossin Hagighi, Mehrnosh Zakerkish,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (2-2019)
Abstract
Background: The lack of self-care is the most important in diabetic. Because it is important factor that lead to dead of diabetic patients.
The aim of this study was to Comparison of the Effect of Group Based and Mobile Based Education on Self-Care Behaviors in Type II Diabetic Patients
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients' diabetic type 2 who referred to diabetic clinic of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. Initially, patients were divided into three groups of homogeneous mobile-based education, group training and control group based on individual characteristics. . In group training, eight sessions of training were conducted, mobile education was installed on the patient's phone and the control group through had given routine education. The data collection tool was self-care questionnaire, demographic, and demographic questionnaire for type II diabetic patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and one-way and one-way ANOVA tests at a significant level was (0.05).
Results: Group training and mobile-based education had a significant effect on routine education (P = 0.001). Self-care education, except in the field of foot care that the effect of mobile-based education was more than group training. In comparison, self-care score in the three groups was statistically significant. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the two educational groups, the effectiveness of education in the mobile group was more effective.
Conclusion: However, the findings found the effectiveness of group-based and mobile-based education. However, the use of mobile-based training programs is recommended because of easy access, lack of time and space restrictions.
Neda Aghaei, Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam, Farhad Daryanoosh, Saeedeh Shadmehri, Shiva Jahani Golbar,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: The mTORC1 pathway is one of the important pathways for protein synthesis in the heart, which can lead to physiological or pathological hypertrophy. Diabetes can lead to defects in this pathway. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of 4 weeks’ aerobic training on the content of mTORC1 signaling pathway proteins in heart tissue of type 1 diabetes rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 16 Sprague-Dawley male rats (mean weight of 300 ± 20 gr) were selected and after induction of diabetes by STZ was randomly assigned into two groups: diabetic training and diabetic control. The experimental group performed HIIT training for 4 weeks’ accordance with the training program (each session 42 minutes, 10-20 m/m) for 4 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. Dependent t-test and independent T-test were used to analyze the data
Results: Significant increase was observed in the content of AKT1 (p<0.015), mTOR (p<0.001), P70S6K1 (p<0.006), 4EBP1 (p<0.05) proteins in the aerobic training group compared to control group.
Conclusion: Aerobic training for 4 weeks enabled to activate the pathway AKT1/mTOR/P70S6K1 and AKT1/mTOR/4E-BP1 in mTORC1 pathway; therefore, due to cardiac complications in type 1 diabetic patients, aerobic training can lead to protein synthesis and physiological cardiac hypertrophy through mTORC1 pathway.
Elma Tabari, Hamid Mohebbi, Pouran Karimi, Kamilia Moghaddami, Mousa Khalafi,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 12 weeks interval training with high and moderate intensity on PGC-1α of skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetic male rats.
Methods: 40 male rats were divided into two groups: High fat diet (HFD) (n=32) and standard diet (C) (n=8) for 10 weeks. After inducing type2 diabetes via STZ, 8 diabetic rats (D) and 8 rats in group C rats sacrificed and the remaining 24 Rats were randomly assigned to three groups of diabetic control (DC), moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT).The MIIT protocol includes 13 bouts of 4-minute activity with equivalent intensity of 60-65% vo2max and the HIIT protocol includes 10 bouts of 4-minute activity with equivalent intensity of 85-90% vo2max with 2 minute active rest periods that was applied for 12 weeks, 5 sessions per week. Western Blot method was used to measure PGC-1α protein levels.
Results: The results showed that PGC-1α protein levels were significantly lower in the D group compared to the HC group. In contrast, the HIIT protocol resulted in an increase in protein levels of PGC-1α compared to DC2 group. While MICT had no significant effect on protein levels of PGC-1α (P <0.05). Also, there was no significant difference between the two training groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that the intensity of interval training plays an important role in the regulation of skeletal muscle PGC-1α and possibly mitochondria biogenesis in type 2 diabetic rats.
Hamed Rezaei Nasab, Abdolhamid Habibi, Masoud Nikbakht, Mohamad Rashno, Saeid Shakerian,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress plays a key role in the onset and development of diabetes Complications, Including diabetic cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of dichloroacetate (DCA) on SOD and GPX expression following six weeks’ endurance training in cardiac muscle of diabetic male rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 64 male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into eight groups after streptozotocin (STZ) solution diabetic treatment. The endurance training protocol was performed on a treadmill for 6 weeks. In the present study, for Inhibition of PDK4 in the cardiac muscle, intraperitoneal injection of DCA of 50 mg/ kg body weight was used. Gene expressions were measured by Real-Time PCR method. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of the study showed that after endurance training, PDK4 gene expression increased and SOD and GPX genes expression in training endurance + diabetic group and endurance training group decreased compared to control group (P <0.05). By Inhibition of PDK4, the of SOD and GPX genes expression increased in DCA + training endurance + diabetic group and DCA + endurance training group compared to control group (P <0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, DCA injections may reduce the recurrence of free radicals induced by endurance training in diabetic patients by mitochondrial adaptation. Which can reduce the oxidative stress in the heart tissue of diabetic patients and increase cardiac efficiency.
Saeideh Tabibirad, Hosein Abednatanzi, Hojatallah Nikbakht, Farshad Ghazalian, Mandana Gholami,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Obesity increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes with regard to the hormones involved. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on Dpp-4 and GLP-1 in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: From among obese women with type-2 diabetes mellitus 35-50 years old referred to the Diabetes Association of Saveh, 20 people were voluntarily selected and randomly assigned to two groups of control (10) and Experiment group (10) were divided. Twenty four hours before the beginning of the training, the individual characteristics of the subjects included age, height, weight, body mass index and research variables (insulin resistance, Dpp-4 and GLP-1) in the pre-test and the training group Aerobic exercise lasted for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 45-60 minutes each session, and the control group did not practice. After 8 weeks and 24 hours after the last training session, the individual characteristics and variables of the research were again measured. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and dependent t-test at p≤0.05.
Results: There was a significant increase in the level of GLP-1 (P= 0.001) and a significant decrease in DPP-4 level (P= 0.001) in the aerobic exercise group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Results showed that Dpp-4 and GLP-1 values were significantly different in aerobic training group after 8 weeks compared to control group. It was also found that aerobic training significantly increased the level of GLP-1 and decreased the level of DPP-4.
Mohamad Baghadam, Khalid Mohamadzadeh Salamat, Kamal Azizbeidi, Kazem Baesi,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Cardiomyopathy is one of adverse effects of diabetes that associated with cardiac muscle metabolism and function disruption. Exercise training decreases adverse effects of diabetes on heart by changing genes involved in cardiac metabolism and increasing myokines secretion. So, the aim of this study was to investigate of 8 weeks aerobic training on cardiac PGC-1α gene expression and plasma irisin in STZ-induced diabetics’ rats.
Methods: 16 STZ-induced diabetics Wistar rats (10 weeks old) divided into control and aerobic training groups. Time and intensity of exercise session began with 15 minutes and 10 m/min, and gradually increased to 40 minutes and 25 m/min at seventh week and kept to the end of eighth’s week (8 weeks). Cardiac PGC-1α gene expression analyzed by PCR, and plasma concentration of insulin, glucose were analyzed by ELISA method 48 hours after the last session of exercise training. Data were analyzed by independent t test at alpha level of 0/05.
Results: the results showed that aerobic exercise training increased PGC-1α concentration (P<0/001) and plasma irisin (P<0/001). Further analysis showed that aerobic exercise training decreased glucose concentration (P<0/001) and increased insulin concentration (P<0/001), but had no effect of insulin resistance (P=0/79). In addition, the results revealed that there is a positive correlation between PGC-1α and plasma irisin (P<0/001) and insulin (P=0/019), but it has a negative correlation with plasma glucose (P=0/001). There is also a positive significant correlation between isirin and insulin (P=0/001), and a negative correlation between irisin and glucose (P=0/002).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that aerobic exercise training induces increased cardiac PGC-1α gene expression and plasma irisin. These changes have a significant correlation with lowered glucose and increased plasma insulin insulin in STZ-induced diabetics’ rats.
Zahra Shafipour, Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo, Masoumeh Hoseini,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background: Nesfatin-1 is an adipokine that released by adipose tissue and participated in the regulation of insulin activity and glucose metabolism. The aim of this research is the investigation the effect of aerobic training and walnut consumption on nesfatin-1 and insulin resistance index of women Type 2 diabetes.
Methods: 40 women aged 40 to 50 years old with type 2 diabetes after homogenization based on Bruce test were selected through targeted sampling and they were randomly assigned to four groups of training, walnut, training + walnut and control (each group was 10). The 8-week aerobic training was three sessions per week for 16 minutes with 65% of maximal heart rate in the first week, while in the eighth week it reached 30 minutes with 80% of maximal heart rate. The walnut groups each day replaced 25 to 27 grams of walnuts as part of a diet rich in PUFA fatty acids, replacing one third of total dietary fat. 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last session of the protocol, all subjects received blood samples. The inter-subject inter-analysis variance analysis was used. The significance level was considered as P <0.05.
Results: In the training groups, weight, body mass index, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance decreased significantly and the maximum oxygen consumption and nesfatin -1 increased significantly(P<0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic training with this intensity and amount can be recommended as auxiliary treatment for type 2 diabetic women. Walnut consumption with this value did not affect the level of blood glucose, insulin resistance index and nesfatin-1 in type 2 diabetic women. It is recommended that high-dose walnuts be used for effective operation.
Mohammad Sharif Bagheri, Vahid Valipour Dehnou, Ahmad Hematfar,
Volume 18, Issue 6 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background: Increased expression of HDAC5 reduces the expression of GLUT4 in slow-twitch fibers, and this mechanism has not been studied in diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of study was to investigate the effect of six weeks endurance training on protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 in soleus muscle in diabetic rats.
Methods: For this purpose, 32 male Wistar rats (weight: 245±9.4 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetic, diabetic and training, training, and control. At 8 weeks of age, diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. The endurance training was carried out five times per week for 6 weeks. 24 hours after the completion of the protocol, the mice were sacrificed and their soleus muscle was extracted. Then, the protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 were measured using ELISA method. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data at a significant level of P<0.05.
Results: Results showed significant differences between control and training (P=0.008), training and diabetic training (P=0.004), and training and diabetic (P=0.0005) groups in GLUT4 levels. But, in HDAC5, results showed that there is not significant differences only between control and training groups (P=0.99), and there are significant differences among other groups (P<0.05). Also, there is a significant inverse relationship between the protein levels of GLUT4 and HDAC5 (P=0.012, r =-0.439).
Conclusion: It seems that six weeks moderate intensity endurance training increases protein levels of GLUT4. But endurance training only can decreases protein levels of HDAC5 in diabetes.
