Showing 47 results for Rad
Fateme Moshirenia, Moradali Zareipour, Mahdieh Joukar, Faezeh Afkhami Aghda,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (2-2025)
Abstract
Background: gestational diabetes is one of the most common diseases during pregnancy, and health literacy of pregnant mothers plays an important role in the prevention and management of the disease. The study aimed to examine and compare the health literacy of pregnant women with gestational and non-diabetic diabetes visiting health centers in the city of Yazd in 1402.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 206 diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant women; the cluster health center sampling method and pregnant mothers were randomized sampling method. The data was collected using a health literacy questionnaire and analyzed using Chi Square tests, independent t-Tests and variance analysis.
Results: The results of the study showed that the average health literacy score of non-diabetic pregnant mothers (74.26 ± 13.75) was significantly higher than the average health literacy score of diabetic mothers (47.527 ± 21.06) (P< 0.001) and the percentage of diabetic women with insufficient health literacy was reported as 69% and 3.9% of non-diabetic women, which indicates a significant difference in the level of health literacy between diabetic and non-diabetic pregnant mothers (P< 0.001). In addition, diabetic mothers showed an inverse relationship between health literacy and the number of pregnancies and their children, while this trend was not observed in non-diabetic mothers (P< 0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that non-diabetic pregnant women have higher health literacy than those with gestational diabetes, highlighting the importance of enhancing health literacy in this group of mothers. Additionally, the strong relationship between health literacy and the mother's diabetes status underscores the need for targeted programs and training to improve health literacy among diabetic pregnant women. Therefore, enhancing health literacy can be crucial in better managing gestational diabetes and improving maternal health outcomes.
Abdullah Alauddin Ahmed Al-Ma'amouri,, Keyvan Sharifmoradi, Mousa Khalafi, Zahra Pezeshki,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (4-2025)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of interval and continuous training on apolipoprotein M, TNF-α and IL-6 of visceral fat in rats fed a high-fat diet.
Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups including standard diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet with moderate intensity continuous exercise (HFD+MICT), high-fat diet with high intensity interval training (HFD+HIIT). The HIIT and MICT groups performed their group specific training for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week. The HIIT protocol consisted of 6 bouts of 4-minute exercise at 85-90% of the maximum speed, which had a 2-minute active rest, and the MICT protocol performed at 65-70% of the maximum speed. Protein levels of apolipoprotein M, TNF-α and IL-6 in visceral fat were measured using western blot method.
Results: Eight weeks of HFD increased the protein levels of apolipoprotein M, TNF-α, and IL-6 in visceral fat compared to the ND group (P< 0.05). In contrast, both HIIT and MICT protocols led to a significant reduction of visceral fat IL-6 compared to the HFD group (P= 0.001). Also, MICT caused a significant decrease protein levels apolipoprotein M compared to the HFD group (P= 0.04). However, both exercise protocols had no significant effect on TNF-α (P< 0.05). Also, there was no significant difference between training groups (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Exercise training improves adipose tissue inflammatory markers in high-fat diet-fed rats, and moderate-intensity continuous training may be a more appropriate approach.
Alireza Bagheri, Mehdy Morady, Mohammad Malekipooya, Bahram Abedi,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a multifactorial disease whose incidence and burden on societies around the world is increasing. Sexual performance in these patients is an important aspect that is often ignored. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a period of endurance training along with electrical stimulation on the gene expression of some sex markers in testicular tissue of fasted obese rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, with a control group of 40 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old, weighing 200±19 grams), after induction of obesity and weight gain, randomly divided into 5 groups of 8: control, fasting-obese, fasting-endurance exercise, fasting-electrical stimulation and Fasting-endurance training-electrical stimulation were divided. Intervention groups for a period of 4 weeks under endurance sports activity (with a speed of 10 to 20 m/min and duration of 20 to 40 minutes), electrical stimulation (foot shock device for 0.5 mA and 20 minutes) and fasting (8 to 16 hours) were placed. After exercise and anesthesia, tissue sampling was done and after molecular processes, gene expression was measured using Real time-PCR machine. For data analysis, two-way analysis of variance test was used at a significance level of P< 0.05 and GraphPad software.
Results: The results showed that endurance training led to a significant increase in the expression of 5αR and aromatase genes in fasting obese rats compared to the obese group (P= 0.0001). Also, electrical stimulation and its combination with endurance training led to a significant increase in the expression of 5αR gene (P= 0.0001), but this increase was not significant in Aromatase gene (P= 0.377).
Conclusion: It seems that endurance training and electrical stimulation during fasting by increasing the expression of 5-alpha reductase and aromatase genes in obese samples is effective in their sexual health and leads to its improvement. Also, a combination of electrical stimulation and exercise can have positive effects on this process, but more studies are needed.
Zeinab Mohebbi, Keivan Kakabraee, Khodamorad Momeni,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2025)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stigma associated with type 2 diabetes and subjective well-being measures (life satisfaction and positive/negative affect) mediated by emotional stress and illness perception in people with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: The present research was descriptive based on correlation models. The statistical population included patients with type 2 diabetes who referred to the diabetes clinic of Ayatollah Taleghani hospital in Kermanshah, 207 adults were selected using the convenient sampling method and data were collected using questionnaires Type 2 Diabetes Stigma Assessment Scale (DSAS-2) (Browne et al., 2016), life satisfaction (Diener, 1985), Positive/Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al., 1988), Illness Perception (Broadbent et al., 2006) then analyzed with SPSS and Amos software.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between stigma, life satisfaction, and positive/negative affect (P < 0.01). Stigma was also able to predict life satisfaction indirectly and negatively through emotional distress, and negative affect indirectly and positively through emotional distress and illness perception.
Conclusion: The results indicate the need for interventions to reduce the stigma associated with type 2 diabetes and improve the mental well-being of people with this disease.
Omid Zafarmand, Morad Hosseini, Parvane Khajepoor,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2026)
Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training on lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, body composition, and Vo2max in patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity.
Methods: The type of research conducted is a systematic meta-analysis review. A systematic search of published articles was conducted from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Sid, and Magiran databases up to January 2024. The mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the (I2) test and publication bias was assessed using visual analysis of funnel plots and Egger's test.
Results: The results showed that high-intensity interval training significantly reduced body fat percentage [standard mean difference (SMD)=-0.796, P=0/001], BMI (SMD=-0.378, P=0/001), WHR (SMD=-0.424, P=0/001), LDL (SMD=-0.694, P=0/001), TC (SMD=-0.495, P=0/001), TG (SMD=-0.317, P=0/001) and fasting blood glucose (SMD=-0.557, P=0/001) in patients group compared to the control group had a significantly higher VO2max. However, high-intensity interval training significantly increased Vo2max (WMD=-0.997, P=0/001), and HDL (WMD=-0.558, P=0/001) in patients group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, high-intensity interval training can have a positive effect on metabolic indices, body composition, and aerobic capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity and improve the condition of these individuals. Therefore, it is suggested that in medical centers for diabetic and obese patients, under the supervision of sports and medical specialists, the beneficial effects of high-intensity interval training should be utilized and used as an auxiliary strategy for the treatment and improvement of these individuals.
Mahin Nomali, Mahdi Mazandarani, Narges Lashkarbolouk, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri Tehrani, Neda Mehrdad, Keyvan Salehi, Amir Mahdi Raeisi, Orod Jalali, Shiva Armani Moghadam, Pedram Pirmoradian, Mohammad Reza Amini,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2026)
Abstract
Background: Since 1999, the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) has consistently provided evidence-based guidelines aimed at the prevention and management of diabetic foot (DF). The latest version of these guidelines was published in 2023. Despite similarities such as being compiled by a working group, based on systematic reviews, and using the GRADE methodology to grade recommendations, it has some differences from the 2019 version. Awareness of these similarities and differences facilitates the faster implementation of evidence into clinical practice. The aim was to compare the similarities and differences between the 2019 and 2023 versions of the IWGDF guidelines.
Methods: In this comparative review study, both guideline versions were reviewed as primary sources. Data were extracted in two domains: structural (methodology) and content (number of chapters and recommendations, and key points). A comparison was then conducted on the data both quantitatively and qualitatively, whereby the similarities and differences between the two versions were identified and analyzed by juxtaposing the extracted information.
Results: The 2019 version consists of six guidelines, while the 2023 version includes seven separate guidelines. Both versions contain individual guidelines for prevention of foot ulcers (14 recommendations in 2023 vs. 16 in 2019), classification of foot ulcers (5 recommendations in both versions), diagnosis and treatment of foot infections (26 recommendations in 2023 vs. 27 in 2019), diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery disease (25 recommendations in 2023 vs. 17 in 2019), offloading interventions (12 recommendations in 2023 vs. 9 in 2019), and wound healing interventions (29 recommendations in 2023 vs. 9 in 2019). A significant difference in the 2023 version compared to 2019 is the addition of a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy, which includes 26 recommendations.
Conclusion: Despite content similarities, the 2023 version differs from the 2019 version in the number of recommendations, with the most notable difference being the inclusion of a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of active Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy.
Benyamin Fazayeli Rad, Furugh Alsadat Jamaladini , Abbas Etminan, Mohammadhossein Gozashti,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (7-2026)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of diabetes, linked to cardiovascular disorders. QTc interval prolongation on electrocardiography increases the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. This study evaluated the relationship between diabetic nephropathy severity and QTc prolongation.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 180 patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes at teaching hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Based on albuminuria, patients were classified into microalbuminuria (30–300 mg/g) and macroalbuminuria (>300 mg/g) groups. QTc was measured using a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram and corrected with Bazett’s formula. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed with appropriate statistical tests.
Results: Among 180 patients, 14(7.8%) had microalbuminuria and 166(92.2%) had macroalbuminuria. Mean age was 59.65 ± 10.59 years. QTc was significantly longer in the macroalbuminuria group compared with the microalbuminuria group (436.07 ± 39.97 vs. 411.64 ± 23.63 ms, p= 0.002). Albumin excretion rate showed a weak positive correlation with QTc (r=0.182, p= 0.016). Logistic regression revealed macroalbuminuria was associated with a 10.5- fold higher odds of abnormal QTc (95% CI: 1.33–82.79, p=0.026).
Conclusion: Macroalbuminuria, indicating advanced diabetic nephropathy, is significantly associated with QTc prolongation. Regular electrocardiographic monitoring in diabetic patients with macroalbuminuria is recommended for early detection of cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities and prevention of cardiovascular complications.
