Showing 42 results for Interval Training
Porya Mohammadiyan, Davood Khorshidi, Fatemeh Kiani,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background: Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is directly associated with increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on FTO expression of subcutaneous fat tissue in T2DM rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, twelve males Wistar rats (220±10 g) with T2DM induced by streptozotocin-nicotinamide injection were randomly divided into exercise (n=6) and control (n=6) groups. The training group performed the HIIT protocol on a treadmill for 12 weeks and 5 days per week. FTO expression in subcutaneous fatty tissue, blood glucose level, insulin and insulin resistance were measured 48 hours after the last training session. Data were analyzed by independent T test at P< 0.05.
Results: Blood glucose level, insulin resistance and FTO expression in fat tissue decreased significantly in training groups compared to control group after the exercise intervention (P˂0.05). Serum insulin increased significantly in training groups compared to control group (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that HIIT can decrease glucose, insulin resistance and FTO expression of fat tissue of T2DM rats. Improved glycemic control in diabetic rats might be attributed to reduced FTO expression in response to HIIT.
Abdol Nasser Seidi, Neda Aghaei Bahmanbeglou, Habib Asgharpour, Mozhgan Ahmadi,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: MAFbx and MuRF1 proteins are important factors in the ubiquitin pathway and are responsible for muscle atrophy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the intracellular content of MAFbx and MuRF1 proteins in the left ventricular of the heart of rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 18 rats 2-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270±20 g were selected. 12 rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin and nicotinamide solutions. These rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: diabetic training and diabetic control; A healthy control group was also considered. The training group practiced HIIT 4 days a week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests.
Results: MAFbx protein content showed a significant decrease after 8 weeks of HIIT (P=0.0001); Tukey post hoc test showed that this change was significant between pairs groups of diabetic training and diabetic control and also between pairs groups of diabetic control and healthy control (P=0.0001). MuRF1 protein content showed a significant decrease (P=0.0001); This was a significant difference between the pairs groups of diabetic training and diabetic control, diabetic training and healthy control groups, as well as diabetic control and healthy control groups (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: HIIT seems to can inhibit the process of atrophy and autophagy of cardiomyocytes by reducing the content of MAFbx and MuRF1 proteins in the hearts of diabetic subjects.
Mahboobeh Rangraz Tabatabaei, Masoud Nikbakht, Rohollah Ranjbar, Farhad Daryanoosh, Mohsen Ghanbarzadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: The release of adipokines from adipose tissue depots plays a key role in regulating metabolic homeostasis and several other physiological processes, including diabetes, obesity, and vascular diseases. This study investigated the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on asprosin, lipid profile and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic male rats.
Methods: 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: control (C), control traning (C+T), diabet (D) and diabet traning (D+T). Diabetes was induced by the combined method of high fat diet and low dose strepotozocin injection. The traning group performed the HIIT program on the treadmill for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and bonferroni post hoc test at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The results showed increased plasma asprosin in D group compared to C (P=0.0001) and decreased in C+T group compared to C (P=0.03) and D+T group compared to D (P=0.04). There was no significant difference in HOMA-IR between the C and C+T group (P=0.9) but decreased in D+T compared to D (P=0.0001). HDL increased in D+T group compared to the D (P=0.0001) and decreased TG and LDL (P=0.001). There was no significant difference between TG and LDL in the C group compared to the C+T, but HDL increased in C+T (P=0.01).
Conclusion: Plasma asprosin increases in rats with type 2 diabetes and HIIT can reduce the complications of diabetes by improved lipid profile and reduce asprosin and insulin resistance.
Sedigheh Babaee, Maghsoud Peere, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Maryam Delfan,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
Impaired insulin function with exogenous changes is a major cause of heart failure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four weeks of high intensity interval training with curcumin supplement on the expression of IRS-1 and IRE-1α gene in the Left ventricle of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: In the present experimental study, 30 male mice with diabetes were divided into five groups of 6; high intensity interval training (HIIT), High intensity interval Training+Curcumin(S+HIIT), Diabetic control+curcumin(S+DC), Diabetic Control (DC), Normal control (NC). The High intensity interval training protocol was performed five days a week for four weeks. Curcumin gavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg was performed daily. The expression of IRS-1 and IRE-1α were measured by the qReal-TimePCR method, and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA at the alpha level of 0.05.
Results: IRS-1 gene expression in the S+HIIT group compared to the DC (P=0.003) and S+DC (P=0.001) groups and in the HIIT group compared to the DC (P=0.002), and S groups +DC had a significant decrease (P=0.019). IRE-1α gene was significantly decreased in S+HIIT group compared to DC (P=0.003), S+DC (P=0.001) and HIIT (P=0.008) groups.
Conclusion: It seems that HIIT with curcumin supplement can reduce the process of myocardial apoptosis in diabetic patients by improving metabolic conditions and genetic factors.
Moazameh Malekpour, Rasoul Rezai, Mohsen Salesi, Farhad Daryanoosh, Javad Nemati,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes leads to numerous side effects in the cardiovascular system and also to improper functioning of the body's antioxidant system. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of six weeks of high-intensity interval training with coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the values of Nrf2 and NQO1 in heart muscle of elderly diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 48 elderly male rats (18 months old) were randomly divided into four groups of intense aerobic exercise with coenzyme Q10 supplementation, intense aerobic exercise group, coenzyme Q10 supplement intake group, and control group. Induction of diabetes was done by injecting a single dose of streptozotocin in the amount of 60 mg/kg intraperitoneally. The program of high intensity interval training was done for six weeks. Coenzyme Q10 supplement group received orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Western blot method was used to measure Nrf2 and NQO1 values. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of P <0.05.
Results: The results showed taking coenzyme Q10 supplement (P= 0.014), intense intermittent exercise (P= 0.001) and intense intermittent exercise with coenzyme Q10 supplement (P= 0.001) significantly increased Nrf2 values in the hearts of diabetic elderly rats. Also, the use of coenzyme Q10 supplement (P=0.0366), intense intermittent exercise (P= 0.014) and intense intermittent exercise along with coenzyme Q10 supplement use (P= 0.002) significantly increased the amount of NQO1 in the hearts of diabetic aged male rats.
Conclusion: Intermittent intense training along with supplement consumption improves heart function in elderly diabetic patients through increasing endogenous antioxidant enzymes.
Hamed Alizadeh Palavani, Mehdi Yaghmaei, Sanam Mirzaee Moghamir, Reza Salboukhi,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: Several proteins regulate the autophagy pathway, and one of the most important regulators is the BECLIN family proteins. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training on the amount of BECLIN1/2 family autophagy proteins in the left ventricle of the heart of rats with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 18 three-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 300±20 grams were selected. 12 rats were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin solution. These rats were randomly divided into two groups, diabetic exercise, and diabetic control; A healthy control group was also considered; The HIIT was performed for 6 weeks and 4 sessions each week including 5 bursts of 4 minutes with an intensity equal to 85-95% of the maximum speed and 3-minute active rest periods with an intensity equal to 50-60% of the maximum speed. Data analysis was done through one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests in SPSS version 26 software. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.
Results: The intracellular content of BECLIN1 and BECLIN2 protein showed a significant decrease between the research groups in the left ventricle of the heart after six weeks of HIIT (p=0.0001).
Conclusion: It seems that BECLIN family proteins are decreased by HIIT and this can decrease the autophagy mechanism in cardiac cells.
Mehdi Zarei, Javad Nakhzari Khodakheir,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: Physical activity and exercise training are known as an integral part of weight management and control in overweight or obese people. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and intense resistance training on asprosin and C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein1 (CTRP1) serum levels in overweight and obese men.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 31 overweight and obese men were randomly divided into three groups: HIIT training (n=10), intense resistance training (n=11) and control (n=10). The subjects of the experimental groups performed HIIT exercises and intense resistance exercises three times a week for nine weeks. Before and after the intervention, blood samples were taken to measure the serum concentration of asprosin and CTRP1 from the subjects. Analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the data and the significance level was considered as p_value less than 0.05.
Results: The concentration of asprosin in the HIIT group (p=0.013) and intense resistance training (p=0.042) decreased significantly compared to the control group. No significant difference in CTRP1 concentration was observed between groups. However, the concentration of CTRP1 in the HIIT group decreased significantly in the post-test compared to the pre-test.
Conclusion: HIIT training and resistance training in overweight and obese men led to a decrease in asprosin levels. Considering the changes in asprosin, CTRP1 and other anthropometric indicators and lipid profiles, HIIT training seems to have a better efficiency in overweight and obese men.
Shadi Jalalian, Hossein Abednatanzi, Mandana Gholami, Farshad Ghazalian,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes are one of the factors in the development of cognitive disorders and Alzheimer's. So measuring the changes in beta amyloid gene expression and insulin resistance as one of the prominent disorders in type 2 diabetes, following HIIT and thyme’s honey consumption is the aim of the research.
Methods: The present study was conducted with 36 young male Wistar rats, which were divided into 4 groups: control (C), interval training (T), thyme’s honey (H) and interval training-thyme’s honey (TH) was performed. The rats in the T and TH groups were trained for two months with intervals and intensity gradually increasing, and in the H and TH groups, they received 3 g/kg of thyme’s honey. Weight, fasting glucose and insulin were measured through the kit and insulin resistance index was done through the formula and gene expression were evaluated by RT-PCR. The findings were subjected to one-way and two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's test.
Results: Non-significant (NS) increase in weight, significant increase in insulin and significant decrease in gene expression in all intervention groups compared to C, significant decrease in fasting glucose in T and TH groups compared to C, significant decrease in insulin resistance in T group compared to other groups, NS increase was observed in group H and TH compared to C.
Conclusion: HIIT and thyme’s honey had synergistic effect to reduce glucose and beta-amyloid gene expression as a preventive strategy for the occurrence of pathological features related to Alzheimer's and memory impairment in diabetics.
Hamed Alizadeh Pahlavani, Mahya Sharifi Rayeni, Arman Rastegari, Reza Moayedi,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (12-2023)
Abstract
Background: Muscle atrophy is one of the serious complications of type 1 diabetes. Important cellular mechanisms including pathways related to mTOR protein are very important in regulating muscle mass; Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the intracellular content of the central protein of mechanical target of rapamycin 1/2 complexes in EDL skeletal muscle of rats with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 three-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with an average weight of 300±20 grams were selected. Type 1 diabetes was induced through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin solution (50 mg/kg of body weight). These rats were randomly divided into two groups, diabetic exercise, and diabetic control; The training group performed HIIT for six weeks at an intensity of 85-95% of maximum speed. Data analysis was done through an independent t-test in SPSS software version 28. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.
Results: The intracellular content of total and phosphorylated forms of mTOR protein showed a significant increase after six weeks of HIIT (P=0.0001). Also, the ratio of total to phosphorylated intracellular content of mTOR protein showed a significant increase in the training group compared to the control group (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: HIIT increased the intracellular content of total and phosphorylated forms of mTOR protein, which could possibly lead to protein synthesis and increased muscle hypertrophy.
Fatemeh Nikseresht,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of exercise in the prevention and treatment of diseases related to obesity the objective of this experimental study was to determine the effect of six weeks of intensive interval training on PEPCK expression in liver tissue, glucose and insulin and insulin resistance in obese rats with type 2 diabetes and compared with non-diabetic obese group.
Methods: 28 male Wistar rats aged 10 weeks (220 ± 20 g) were obesed by six weeks of high-fat diet (HFD). Then type 2 diabetes was induced in 14 rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (30 mg/kg). Finally, the studied rats were divided into 4 groups (n= 7): 1) control obese, 2) interval obese, 3) control obese diabetic, 4) interval obese diabetic. Interval groups participated in an interval exercise program of five sessions per week for six weeks consists of 10 repetitions of a 40-second run on the treadmill with 2-minute rest (active rest) between repetitions. Finally, 48 hours after the last session, the fasting levels of glucose, insulin, PEPCK expression in liver tissue were measured and compared by two-way ANOVA.
Results: Compared with control groups, interval training in diabetic and obese rats resulted in significant decrease of fasting glucose (P= 0.001). Interval training also led to an increase in serum insulin compared to the diabetic control group (P= 0.006) and a decrease in PEPCK expression compared to the diabetic control group (P= 0.005).
Conclusion: Improved glucose response to interval training in type 2 diabetic rats may be rooted in increase insulin with decrease in hepatic PEPCK expression. Measurement of activity or expression of other liver enzymes is suggested for general conclusion.
Mohammad Javad Pourvaghar, Saeid Reza Noorimofrad, Mousa Khalafi,
Volume 23, Issue 6 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is one of the most well-known adipokines with anti-inflammatory effects that plays an important role in regulating the whole-body metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) on the circulating levels of adiponectin in individuals with and without metabolic disorders.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Jihad Center and Magiran using the keywords "HIIT" and "adiponectin" to identify Persian and English languages published articles until October 2022. Effect size (SMD) and 95% confidence interval were calculated using CMA2 software. I2 test for calculation of the heterogeneity and visual interpretation of funnel plot test and Egger test for assessment of the publication bias were used.
Results: Data analysis of 28 interventions (24 studies) showed that HIIT resulted in a significant increase in adiponectin [0.40 CI: 0.12 to 0.68), P=0.004]. Also, the data analysis of eight interventions showed that HIIT led to a non-significant increase in adiponectin compared to the MICT [0.41 CI: -0.04 to 0.86), P=0.07].
Conclusions: The findings of the present study showed that HIIT is a suitable and efficient training method to increase adiponectin, especially in people with metabolic disorders.
Setareh Moradi Vafa, Hamed Ghiyami Taklimi, Ali Hemati Afif, Pourvaghar, Zahra Bahram,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background: Interval exercises with high intensity and consumption of plant extracts probably have beneficial effects on inflammatory indicators. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and the consumption of Loquat leaf extract on the serum levels of TNF-α and interleukin-18 in obese men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, forty men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with body mass index (33.92 ± 1.82) with informed written consent were randomly selected and assigned into four groups: control, training, Extract, Extract + training (Each group of 10 people). Exercises were performed for eight weeks and three sessions per week for 60 minutes with intensity between 80-95% of the reserve heart rate. Two capsules of 250 mg of Loquat leaf extract were also prescribed daily. Paired t-test and analysis of covariance were used.
Results: A significant decrease in the levels of TNF-α (15.3%) and interleukin 18 (14.9%) was observed in the training + extract group (P<0.05). A significant difference was observed in the levels of TNF-α (P=0.001) and interlock 18 (P=0.001) between the groups, and these changes were more significant in the Extract + training group than in the training and extract groups.
Conclusions: It is concluded that performing intense intermittent training along with Loquat leaf extract will be able to improve TNF-α and interleukin 18 indices related to fatty liver in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, confirmation of this hypothesis requires more research.
Akbar Ghodratnama, Mahya Sharifi Rayeni, Arman Rastegari, Reza Moayedi,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background: Cardiac function in diabetic people is affected through different cellular mechanisms; One of these important cellular pathways is the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), whose dysfunction can lead to heart failure; Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of moderate intensity interval training on total and phosphorylated content of c-Jun N-terminal kinases protein in heart tissue of type 1 diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 two-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 300±20 grams were selected. Type 1 diabetes (blood sugar above 300) was induced to rats through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (with a dose of 50 mg per kilogram of body weight) solution. The rats were randomly divided into two groups, diabetic training and diabetic control; The training group performed MIIT for four weeks at an intensity of 55-75% of maximum speed. Data analysis was done through independent t-test in GraphPad Prism software version 9.5. The significance level of the current research is P≤ 0.05.
Results: The intracellular content of JNK protein after four weeks of MIIT showed a significant decrease in both total (P= 0.01) and phosphorylated (P= 0.0001) forms. On the other hand, the ratio of total to phosphorylated intracellular content of JNK protein did not show a significant change after four weeks of MIIT (P= 0.23).
Conclusion: MIIT led to a decrease in the content of total and phosphorylated forms of JNK protein, which could possibly lead to less cell death in cardiac cells of diabetic subjects.
Mahya Sharifi Rayeni, Farhad Daryanoosh, Mohsen Salesi, Maryam Kooshki Jahromi,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Mitophagy is a type of cell death that regulates the quality of mitochondria and can lead to disorders in diseases such as diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the content of proteins related to the mitophagy pathway (LC3 and BNIP3L) in muscle tissue soleus of rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 18 three-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 270±30 g were selected. Rats were infected with type 2 diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of a streptozotocin and nicotinamide solution. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: diabetic and diabetic. A healthy control group was also included. The training group performed HIIT for eight weeks at an intensity of 85-95% of the maximum speed. Data analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test in GraphPad Prism version 9.5 software. A significance level of P≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The levels of LC3 and BNIP3L proteins significantly increase after eight weeks of HIIT compared to both the diabetic and healthy control groups (P= 0.0001).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that HIIT by increasing the factors related to mitophagy can cause the cleaning of dysfunctional mitochondria in the muscle of diabetic subjects; However, excessive mitophagy can also cause functional defects in regulating the quality of mitochondria.
Farideh Moradi, Neda Aghaei Bahmanbeglou, Saeedeh Shadmehri, Habib Asgharpour,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes can cause serious cardiovascular complications by disrupting the autophagy pathway. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the intracellular levels of autophagy proteins in the left ventricular tissue of rats with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 18 2-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats with an average weight of 300±20 grams were selected. Twelve rats had type 1 diabetes after intraperitoneal injection of STZ (with a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight) solution. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: diabetic training and diabetic control (each group, six heads). A healthy control group (six heads) was also considered. The training group underwent HIIT four days a week for six weeks. GraphPad Prism version 9.5 software and one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to analyze the data. The significance level was considered P≤ 0.05.
Results: ULK1 and FIP200 levels showed a significant increase in the left ventricle after 6 weeks of HIIT training compared to the healthy control group and the diabetic control group (P= 0.0001).
Conclusion: Considering the increase in ULK1 and FIP200 proteins, it can be concluded that HIIT training can activate the autophagy pathway; Therefore, in prescribing this type of exercise for diabetic subjects, the intensity and duration of the exercise should be considered.
Arash Parsayyrad, Davood Khorshidi, Fatemeh Kiani,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (7-2024)
Abstract
Background: Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is one of the strongest genetic risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 10 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on hepatic TCF7L2 expression in T2DM rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, fourteen males Wistar rats with T2DM induced by streptozotocin-nicotinamide injection were randomly divided into exercise (n=7) and control (n=7) groups. The exercise group performed the HIIT protocol on a treadmill for 10 weeks and 5 days per week. Hepatic TCF7L2 expression, blood glucose level, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin and insulin resistance were measured 48 hours after the last training session. Data were analyzed by independent T test at P< 0.05.
Results: Hepatic TCF7L2 expression and serum insulin were significantly higher in the exercise group compared to the control group (P˂0.05). Blood glucose level, HbA1c and insulin resistance were significantly lower in the exercise group than in the control group (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: Based on these findings, it seems that the improved glycemic control in response to HIIT is partially dependent on the inhibition of gluconeogenesis caused by increased hepatic TCF7L2 expression.
Vida Hakimi, Hamid Mohebbi, Bahman Mirzaei,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue fibrosis is involved in glucose metabolism disorder and insulin resistance in obesity, but the effect of exercise on the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis is still unknown.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) simultaneously with high-fat diet on TGF-β1, MMP-9 and MMP-2 in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of male rats.
Methods: 24 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), Normal diet + high intensity interval training (ND+HIIT), high fat diet+ high intensity interval training (HFD+HIIT). The HIIT protocol includes 8 bouts of intense activity at 90% of maximum running capacity (MRC) for 2.5 minutes, with active rest periods at 50% of maximum running capacity for 2.5 minutes for 12 weeks (5 sessions per week). 48 hours after the last training session, blood was taken, and subcutaneous fat was removed. Western blot method was used evaluate the TGF-β1 and ELISA method was used to measure levels of MMP-9, MMP-2, insulin.
Results: Induction of obesity was associated with a significant increase in TGF-β1, MMP-9 and MMP-2 and insulin resistance (P˂ 0.0001). In contrast, high-intensity interval with high fat diet compared to the high fat diet group causes a significant decrease in the amount of TGF-β1, MMP-9, MMP-2, and insulin resistance (P˂ 0.0001).
Conclusion: In conclusion, our data indicate that High-intensity interval training may weaken the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis and have a preventive effect on the increase in glucose metabolism disorders caused by a high-fat diet.
Somayeh Madanipour, Abbas Sadeghi, Hasan Purrazi,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Adipogenesis is a dynamic process that leads to the phenotype of mature fat cells and plays a significant role in obesity and diabetes. The present study investigates the effect of Eight –Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and L -carnitine Consumption on the expression of BMP7 protein in visceral adipose tissue in diabetic rats.
Methods: In an experimental clinical-intervention study, 50 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 equal groups of control (C), diabetic (D), supplemental diabetic (D + LC), diabetic with exercise (D + T), supplement and exercise (D + LC + T). The training program consisted of eight weeks, 5 sessions per week (6 to 12 2-minute sessions with an intensity of 85-90% of the maximum speed). The subjects received 30 mg/kg body weight L-carnitine through drinking water. Visceral fat was extracted and the expression level of BMP7 protein was assessed using Western Blotting. Data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at a significant level of (P< 0.05).
Results: The results showed that the expression of BMP7, the adipogenesis stimulating protein, in (D + T) and (D + LC + T) groups increased significantly (P< 0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that HIIT exercise alone and with L-carnitine Consumption is more effective in the expression of protein associated with adipogenesis expression in visceral fat. However, a clear statement requires further research in this area.
Bizhan Hooshmand Moghadam, Amir Rashidlamir, Mohammad Mosaferi Ziaaldini,
Volume 24, Issue 5 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Exercise interventions can play an important role in improving metabolic status by regulating hepotokines. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Jump Rope Interval Training on serum levels of Fetuin-A and insulin resistance in overweight and obese young men.
Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 26 overweight and obese young men (body mass index: 28.24±1.66) were voluntarily and purposefully selected as a statistical sample and randomly divided into two experimental (n= 13) and control (n= 13) groups. The participants of the experimental group performed Jump Rope Interval Training for 8 weeks (four sessions per week/40 minutes each session). At the beginning and end of the study, venous blood samples were collected to measure Fetuin-A and insulin resistance. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 24 and with dependent and independent t-tests at a significance level of less than 0.05.
Results: After 8 weeks of Jump Rope Interval Training, a significant decrease was observed in serum levels of Fetuin-A, insulin resistance and, body fat percentage (P≤ 0.05). Also, a significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in serum levels of Fetuin-A, insulin resistance and, body fat percentage (P≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that regular jump rope interval training for eight weeks can effectively improve the metabolic complications in overweight and obese young men by reducing the serum levels of hepotokine Fetuin-A.
Sajad Mirzaei, Hamed Alizadeh Pahlavani, Akbar Ghodratnama, Reza Moayedi,
Volume 24, Issue 5 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: Adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of cellular metabolism, and its dysregulation is associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity, inflammation, diabetes, and cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the effect of moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) on the total and phosphorylated content of AMPKα1/2 protein in the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 two-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats with an average weight of 280±30 grams were selected. Diabetes was induced to rats through intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin solution (with a dose of 65 mg per kg of body weight). These rats were randomly divided into two groups, diabetic training and diabetic control; The training group performed MIIT for 6 weeks at an intensity equal to 55-75% of maximum speed. Data analysis was done through independent t-test in GraphPad Prism version 10 software. The significance level of the current research is P≤ 0.05.
Results: Total intracellular content of AMPKα1/2 protein did not show significant changes in the training group compared to the control group in the soleus skeletal muscle (P= 0.96). In contrast, the phosphorylated intracellular content (P= 0.0001) and the ratio of phosphorylated to total form (P= 0.002) of AMPKα1/2 protein showed a significant increase.
Conclusion: MIIT increased the protein content of AMPKα1/2 in soleus muscle tissue of diabetic rats, and this could lead to increased energy production and consumption and improved glucose levels in diabetic subjects.
Keywords: Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Kinase (AMPKα1/2), Moderate Intensity Interval Training, Soleus Muscle, Diabetes
