Showing 73 results for Exercise
Sepideh Soltani , Farzaneh Taghian,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and supplementation of gensing on homocysteine levels, tiroid hormon and insulin resistant in obese women with hypothyroidism.
Methods: This study is quasi-experimental study. For this purpose, 40 obese women with hypothyroidism with an average age of 34.62 ± 3.55 years, weight 80.47 ± 3.85 kg and BMI of 32.2 ± 2.27 kg / m2, were randomly divided into four groups including aerobic training (10), ginsing (10), aerobic exercise and ginsing (10) and placebo (10) were divided.Aerobic exercise included 8 weeks of aerobic training, 3 sessions per week, 45 to 70 minutes, and 55 to 75% of maximum heart rate. Patients in the ginseng group and aerobic exercise with ginsing consumed each day a Jinsen's capsule containing 250 mg of granule Risomy ginseng powder was taken orally after 8 weeks for 8 weeks, while subjects in the placebo group received flour powdered capsules.Blood samples from the anterior vein were used to measure homocysteine, TSH, T3, T4, glucose and insulin before and after 8 weeks in four groups. For data analysis, dependent t-test and variance analysis were used (P≤0/05).
Results: The results showed that the plasma homocysteine, TSH, glucose concentrate, insulin resistance and insulin resistance were significantly decreased in all three experimental groups while T3 and T4 increased (P <0.05). These indices in the control group were not changed (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Therefore, aerobic exercise, along with supplementation with ginsing, can have an important role in preventing an increase in cardiovascular risk factors and hypothyroidism in obese women with hypothyroidism.
Gholam Reza Azizi Azar Sharabyani, Mozhgan Ahmadi, Saeedeh Shadmehri,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background: High oxidative stress in pregnant women leads to pathogenesis or progression of disease in newborns. The aim of this study was to investigate the Effect of Endurance Training in Maternal Metabolic Syndrome with Metformin on Oxidant and antioxidant Capacity in their Neonates.
Methods: To implementation of this experimental research, 16 female Wistar rats weighing 100 ± 20 gr randomly were divided into 4 groups including metabolic syndrome + control; metabolic syndrome + metformin; metabolic syndrome + endurance training; metabolic syndrome + metformin + endurance training. The metabolic syndrome model was performed using dietary change and confirmed by the Lee index. Metformin 500 mg was also given at a dose of 100 mg/kg, as well as by daily water intake to the rats. endurance training performed at 5 days a week for 15-40 min with speed of 10-25m/min on treadmill for 8 weeks. Pregnancy was confirmed in rats after vaginal plaque was observed After the pregnancy and delivery period of the rats, newborn babies (4 newborns from each mother as the main sample) were prepared one week after birth for explanation.
Results: The results showed that metformin had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in comparison with control group, but endurance training and endurance training with metformin resulted in increased SOD and MDA reduction in neonatal heart tissue (p=0.000).
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that the endurance training of mothers with metabolic syndrome has a protective effect on oxidative and antioxidant systems in their offspring.
Hamed Kasraei, Mehdi Kargaefard, Parvaneh Nazarali, Hadi Nobari, Atefeh Zare,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (4-2019)
Abstract
Background: Inflammation plays an important role in the incidence and development of metabolic disorders and exercises along with dietary restrictions for weight loss. It has beneficial effects on reducing inflammatory markers, especially in type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined exercise (resistance-aerobic) with and without diet restriction on weight loss on some inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α and ICAM-1) in elderly men with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: 42 elderly men with type 2 diabetes (age: 67.6 ± 2.2, weight: 85.2 ± 7.4, BMI: 28.2 ± 0.2) after homogenization based on serum levels Glucose and mass index were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: Combined exercise (15), combined exercise with weight loss diet (14), and weight loss diet alone (n = 13). The combined exercise program included aerobic training with 50-70 percent of reserved heartrate and resistance training included chest press, cable pull-down, machine leg extention and machine lying leg curl on 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks.
Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, there was a significant decrease in serum inflammatory markers levels (CRP, ICAM-1 and TNF-α) in the post-test compared to the pre-test in all three groups (P<0.001). However, bonferroni post-hoc analysis showed that combined exercise with diet compared to combined exercise and dietary restriction alone had more effects on reducing CRP, ICAM-1 and TNF-α (P<0.001). In addition, reduction of ICAM-1 (P<0.001) and TNF-α (P<0.001) after combined exercise compared to dietary restriction and CRP reduction after dietary restriction than combined exercise was significantly higher (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It suggested that in elderly type 2 diabetic patients, caloric restriction-induced weight loss with combine exercise is more appropriate for modulating of endothelial biomarkers and Inflammation dysfunctional levels than resisted exercise training or aerobic training alone.
Fereshteh Shahidi, Faramarz Yazdani, Abbasali Gaieni, Poran Karimi,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the first cause of death in diabetic patients and angiogenesis is the most important mechanism for the recovery of heart blood flow in physiologic and pathologic conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of moderate continuous and sever interval training on heart angiogenesis in Wistar male diabetic rats.
Methods: 32 Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups: healthy non-exercised, diabetic no exercise, diabetic + moderate continuation and diabetic + severe interval exercises. Two types of exercises were calibrated and the exercise intensity was determined based on the maximum oxygen consumption and 5 days a week. The pro-angiogenic (VEGF, MMP2, TGFβ1) and anti-angiogenic (TIMP2) agents of the left ventricle of the heart were taken from the rat after 48 hours of the last training session. Western blot method was used to evaluate the synthesis of proteins involved in angiogenic route. Data were measured by one-way variance analysis with repeated measurements (P =0/000).
Results: The results showed that the levels of proangiogenic VEGF, MMP2, TGFβ1 significantly increased, but the anti-angiogenic factor of TIMP2 decreased (P <0.05). In addition, the maximum level of oxygen consumed in both continuous and periodic training groups showed a significant increase.
Conclusion: Moderate and continuous exercise increases angiogenic factors in the heart of diabetic Wistar rats, which is a good way to reduce the mortality rate of diabetes.
Reza Omidi Ghanbari, Rahman Soori, Ahmad Hemmatfar,
Volume 18, Issue 5 (7-2019)
Abstract
Background: Adropin is a peptide hormone playing a role in energy homeostasis and prevention of obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise with low intensity on serum adropin levels and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in obese sedentary adolescent boys.
Methods: This study was carried out in a quasi-experimental design. 26 obese adolescent boys were recruited (Mean ± SD: 13.4±0.81 yr; weight: 85.44±8.51kg) and were randomly assigned into two groups: aerobic exercise and control group. The training group performed running with intensity of 50-65% of maximal heart rate, three times a week for 10 weeks. Before and after intervention, blood sampling for measurement of serum adropin, fasting insulin and glucose was carried out. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and independent t-test at significant levels of P≤0.05.
Results: Weight (P=0.001) and body fat percent (P=0.017) showed significant reduction in aerobic group in posttest compared to pretest and control group. Serum adropin levels were increased significantly in aerobic exercise group compared to pretest and control group (P=0.0001). Significant correlation was seen between changes of adropin with changes of weight, body fat percent and HOMA-IR (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: According to the relationship between adropin with body composition and insulin resistance and also, its influence from aerobic exercise, adropin may play a special role in weight and obesity management.
Hadi Afshar Bakeshlou, Ahmad Abdi, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Alireza Barari,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a chronic and progressive metabolic disorder that leads to more severe cardiac complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Berberine chloride at a dose of 50 mg / kg on the heart tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with aerobic training.
Methods: 56 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 8): control (C), sham (S), Aerobic training control (TC), diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetes-berberine (BDM), diabetes mellitus. Aerobic training (TDM), and aerobic training-berberine (TBDM) were divided. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin in male rats. The training groups performed aerobic exercise program (10-18 m / min, 10-40 min five days a week) for six weeks on the treadmill for histological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson trichrome and staining Immunohistochemicals were used to measure diameter change, cardiomyocyte rupture, change in nuclei, and collagen deposition in cardiac muscle fibers using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests with SPSS 21 software.
Results: The results showed that DM group did not induce cardiomyocyte fibers rupture and collagen deposition and reduction of filament diameter in group C, S and TC and its damage in heart tissue was less in TBDM group than in BDM and TDM groups.
Conclusion: The results showed that berberine supplementation reduced these effects and synergized with aerobic training and reduced the cardiac cardiomyocyte muscle fibers diameter and decreased collagen deposition and better order of nuclei.
Majid Jahani, Hasan Matinhomaie, Parvin Farzanegi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background: Physical activity plays a major role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, but the effect of intense activity on endoplasmic reticulum proteins and apoptosis and necroptosis in diabetic conditions is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes of PERK and CHOP proteins in endoplasmic reticulum of cardiac myocytes of diabetic Wistar rats following continuous and interval exercise.
Methods: For this purpose, 32 male white wistar were purchased and were randomly divided into 4 groups of hemogenus 8 rats in each group: Healthy control (C), Diabetic control (D), Diabetic with moderate-intensity continuous training intensity at the 55min on 26 m/min speed (D+MICT) and Diabetic with high-intensity interval training intensity at the 85-90% of maximum speed (D+HIIT); 5 days/week for 8 weeks. For evaluate changes in the expression of the proteins associated with apoptosis and necroptotic death in the diabetic heart muscle myocardium, based on Western blot analysis will be used. Also, the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine differences between the study groups.
Results: The results showed that induction of type 2 diabetes increased apoptotic and necroptosis cell death (P≥0.05). Therefore, both continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise modulate apoptotic cell death. And both intermittent and continuous exercise had a significant effect on cell necroptosis death.
Conclusion: It seems that different levels of aerobic exercise have different effects on cardiac myocytes cell death in diabetic rats. But more research is needed to confirm the death of diabetic necroptics.
Bahare Ghani, Mahsa Mohsenzadeh, Foad Feyzollahi,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (6-2020)
Abstract
Backgrond: Although some studies have studied the mechanism of action of beta cells in animal models and more or less in human populations, but so far the role of exercise therapy or exercise exercise HIIT along with black grape supplementation on the expression of involved genes Less has been studied in pancreatic beta cells, so the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of intense intermittent exercise with black grape supplementation on the expression of PPARα and PPARγ gene in pancreatic tissue of male rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: The study was conducted in the form of an experimental design. The subjects of this project were 40 8-month-old male rats with an average weight of 250 grams. After familiarizing the subjects with exercise and induction of diabetes by STZ, the subjects were randomly divided into 5 groups including exercise, supplement, exercise and supplement, diabetic control and basic control. After 8 weeks of training, 5 sessions per week for 8 weeks with 90% Vo2max activity and supplementation of black grape seed extract, PPARα and PPARγ genes were measured after RNA extraction from pancreas and cDNA synthesis. PPARα and PPARγ genes were measured by Time-Real PCR. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and two-factor analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05 by SPSS software version 24.
Results: The effect of exercise with consumption of black grape seed extract on the expression of PPARγ and PPARα genes in the pancreas of diabetic rats was not significant, but exercise alone significantly increased the expression of PPARα gene in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic specimens. Consumption of black grape seed extract alone significantly increased the expression of PPARγ and PPARα genes.
Conclusion: It seems that regulating the expression of PPARα and PPARγ genes through exercise and consumption of black grape seed extract may lead to the improvement and maintenance of pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic rats.
Hamid Daneshmandi, Akbar Azamian Jazi, Behnam Ghasemi,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background: The role of Wnts as mediators of pancreatic development has been confirmed, and exercise training may affect this process. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training and moderate-intensity training on plasma Wnt3a, Wnt4, and pancreatic beta-cell count in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups: healthy control, diabetic control, diabetic + moderate-intensity continuous training, and diabetic + moderate-intensity resistance training. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of 110 mg nicotinamide and 40 mg streptozotocin per kg of body weight. The exercise training intervention was performed for eight weeks. Plasma Wnt3a and Wnt4 were measured by the ELISA method, and the number of beta cells was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin.
Results: Data analysis showed that the number of beta cells in the exercise group increased significantly compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.05). Also, a significant change was observed in the plasma levels of Wnt3a and Wnt4 in the exercise group compared to the healthy control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that eight weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training and eight weeks of moderate-intensity resistance training probably caused the proliferation and protection of beta cells in response to an increase in Wnt3a and a decrease in Wnt4 in the diabetic rats.
Mahdi Angouti, Hamid Rajabi, Reza Gharakhanlou, Mohammad Reza Dehkhoda,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes causes nerve tissue damage and ultimately death of nerve cells, especially in important areas such as the hippocampus. It seems that exercise training and anti-inflammatory supplements can moderate this condition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic training exercise and L-carnitine consumption on the levels of hippocampus CNTF and CNTFR proteins in diabetic rat.
Methods: 45 Wistar rats between 250 to 300 gr were randomly divided into six groups, including healthy control groups, sham, diabetic control, diabetes
+ aerobic exercise, diabetes + L-carnitine supplementation and diabetes + aerobic exercise + L-carnitine supplementation. L-carnitine supplements were divided. Diabetic groups underwent subcutaneous injection of 55 mg / kg STZ. supplementary groups received 100 mg of L-carnitine per day orally. The aerobic exercise program was performed for 6 weeks and 5 days a week. The research variables were measured 24 hours after the last training session by the ELISA technics in the hippocampal tissue. The statistical method of one-way analysis of variance and Toki post –hoc test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The present study showed an significant increase in CNTF and CNTFR protein levels of hippocampal tissue after aerobic exercise and L-carnitine consumption (P = 0.001), which greater effect found in combination manner.
Conclusion: Due to the effect of aerobic exercise and L-carnitine supplementation alone and in interaction with each other on hippocampal tissue, the use of this method can be considered as maintaining neural tissue in diabetes.
Homna Abdi, Eidi Alijani, Mahsa Mohsen Zadeh,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background: Although some studies have studied the mechanism of action of beta cells in animal models and more or less in human populations, but so far the role of exercise therapy or exercise exercise HIIT with black grape supplementation on the expression of genes involved in pancreatic beta cells This study investigates the effect of black grape supplementation combined with intense intermittent exercise on Bcl-2 and Bax genes in pancreatic tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: The study was conducted in the form of an experimental design. The subjects of this project were 40 8-month-old male rats with an average weight of 250 grams. After familiarizing the subjects with exercise and induction of diabetes by STZ, the subjects were randomly divided into 5 groups including exercise, supplement, exercise and supplement, diabetic control and basic control. After 8 weeks of training, which was 5 sessions per week for 8 weeks, the activity was on a treadmill with an intensity of 90% Vo2max and supplementation with black grape seed extract. Bcl-2 and Bax genes were measured after RNA extraction from pancreas and cDNA synthesis. Bcl-2 and Bax genes were measured by Time-Real PCR. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and two-factor analysis of variance at the significance level of 0.05 by SPSS software version 24.
Results: The results showed that the main effect of exercise had no significant effect on Bcl-2 gene expression. The main effect of the extract on the expression of this gene was significant. Also, the interaction between exercise and Bcl-2 supplementation was not significant. Regarding Bax gene expression, it was shown that the main effect of exercise on the gene was significant. The main effect of extract and interaction of exercise and supplementation on Bax gene expression was not significant. No significant changes were observed in the effect of exercise and extract on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes.
Conclusion: It seems that regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes through exercise and consumption of black grape seed extract is likely to improve and maintain pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic rats.
Reza Sadeghi, Saeid Keshavarz, Mahdi Kargarfard, Jamshid Banaei,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (2-2021)
Abstract
Background: It has been shown that C1q TNF-related protein 5 (CTRP5) is a novel adipokine and important molecule related to metabolism regulation. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of different training protocols on improving serum levels of CTRP5, fasting blood glucose, insulin, Insulin resistance in patients with T2DM.
Methods: Sixty men with T2DM (mean age [X̅±SD]=51.45±4.26 years) were randomly assigned to combined exercise group (CEx: n = 15), aerobic exercise group (AEx: n = 15), resistance exercise group (REx: n = 15), or the control group (CON: n= 15). Exercise programs consisted of aerobic exercises at either AEx (50% - 75% of HRR) or REx (70% - 85% of 1-RM), of equal volume, 3 times per week, 45 to 60 minutes per session for 12 weeks. Serum levels of CTRP5, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, Insulin resistance (IR) and body mass index (BMI) were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.
Results: After 12 weeks intervention, FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR and BMI levels decreased significantly, whereas the serum CTRP5 levels increased in the CEx, AEx and Rex groups compared to control (P < .05).
Conclusion: It appears that the increased levels of CTRP5 following exercise interventions contribute to the decreased risk of T2DM.
Abdollah Fatemi, Amin Farzaneh, Hajar Abaszadeh, Mino Dadban,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background: The formation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) have been proposed for d increased b-cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes. Exercise training plays a protective role against diabetes. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a powerful biological antioxidant. However, the role of exercise training and ALA on IAPP are not well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of training with different intensity and Alpha lipoic acid supplement on pancreatic mRNA IAPP in rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 35 wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control, diabetic (D), diabetic+ alpha lipoic acid (ALA), diabetic high intensity training (HIT), diabetic moderate intensity training (MIT), diabetes HIT+ALA (ALA+HIT), diabetic MIT +ALA (ALA+MIT). The HIT and MIT protocols was performed five days a week for six weeks. HIIT included 10 bouts of four minutes (running at 85–90% of VO2max) and MIT 13 bouts of four minutes (running at 65–70% of VO2max). ALA was administered orally 20 mg/kg once a day by gavage. Real-time PCR method for the relative expression of mRNA of IAPP gene were used.
Results: The level of IPAA increased significantly in diabetic group compared to control (p=0.0039). Also, level of IPAA decreased significantly in ALA (p=0.01) and ALA+HIT diabetic group (p=0.021).
Conclusion: diabetes is associated with increased mRNA IAPP in pancreatic b-cell and HIT plus ALA can be as an effective intervention in decreasing IAPP in pancreatic b-cell. in diabetics.
Ammar Rashet, Ahmad Abdi,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background: Evidence has suggested that high-fat diet (HFD) promote hyperinsulinemia and pancreatic islet dysfunction with insulin resistance in adipose tissue. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aerobic exercise and capsaicin on the gene expression of pancreaticPdx1 and GLUT2 in Rats HFD.
Methods: this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND, n = 8) or high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 32) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet-training (HFDT), high-fat diet-capsaicin (HFDCap), high-fat diet-training-capsaicin (HFDTCap). Training groups have performed a moderate intensity aerobic running program (60-50% VO2max, at 15-25 m/min, 30-60 min/day, and 5 days/week) on a motor-driven treadmill for eight weeks. Capsaicin (4 mg/kg/day) were administered orally, by gavage, once a day. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at p<0.05.
Results: the results showed significant increase in expression of Pdx1 and GLUT2 in HFDT (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively), HFDCap (p = 0.022 and p = 0.026, respectively) and HFDTCap (p = 0.000 and p = 0.000, respectively) groups.
Conclusion: also, a significant increase in the expression of Pdx1 and GLUT2 was observed in the HFDTCap compared to the HFDCap (respectively P=0.037, and p=0.044).
The results showed that HFD impaired pancreatic beta cell function and that aerobic exercise alone and with capsaicin could significantly increase islet cell function by increasing Pdx1 and GLUT2 expression.
Maghsoud Nabilpour, Abbas Sadeghi,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background: One consequence of diabetes mellitus is increased inflammation, which is exacerbated by training. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic moderate-intensity continuous training on Interleukin-1 beta, Interleukin-13 responses in male Wistar diabetic rats
.
Methods: 36 diabetic rats were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups (control (C), diabetic (D), and diabetes + training (D + T)), and subjected to eight weeks of aerobic moderate- intensity continuous training intensity at the first: the10 min on 10m/min and at the final: 55min on 26m/min speed. Interleukin-1 and interleukin-13 were measured in soleus muscle tissue to examine the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory indicators. ANOVA and Scheffe post hoc tests were used for data analysis
.
Results: Induction of
diabetes caused a significant increase in IL-1β and IL-13 (P<0.001) and continuous exercise intervention also significantly reduced IL-1β levels in diabetic rats (P = 0.02). However, there was no significant change in IL-13 in D + T group compared to D group (P = 0.985).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the effect of aerobic exercise is probably a positive effect on reducing the pro-inflammatory index of IL-1β and no effect on the anti-inflammatory index of IL-13 in diabetic rats. However, definitive confirmation of these results requires further research in this area.
Maryam Delfan, Tina Bouriaei,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background: One of the most common problems in diabetic patients is muscle atrophy. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of endurance training with probiotic supplementation on Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 genes gene expression in the soleus muscle of diabetic rats.
Methods: In this study, 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into one normal control (NC) and four diabetic groups: diabetic control (DC), diabetic supplement (SDC), diabetic training (TD), and diabetic supplement training (STD). The training protocol was performed with 60 to 65% of maximum speed reached five days a week for four weeks. At the same time, rats took two grams of probiotic dissolved in 30 ml of water daily. Expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 genes was measured by the qReal-TimePCR method. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance at the significant level of P≤0.05.
Results: Atrogin-1 gene expression was significantly reduced in TD (P=0.001) and STD (P=0.000) groups compared to DC group. There was a significant difference between TD and STD groups in the expression of the Atrogin-1 gene (P=0.028). MuRF-1 gene expression was significantly reduced in TD (P=0.04) and STD (P=0.01) groups compared to DC. But there was no significant difference between TD and STD groups in MuRF-1 gene expression (P=0.36).
Conclusion: It seems that performing the aerobic exercise with probiotic supplementation is more effective in reducing the expression of the Atrogin-1 gene than any of these interventions alone. However, aerobic exercise with probiotic supplementation does not have a synergistic effect on reducing MuRF-1 gene expression in the soleus muscle of diabetic rats compared to aerobic exercise alone.
Akram Batvandi, Ahmad Kaki,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background: Dysfunction of Schwann cells by diabetes has far-reaching consequences for the structure and function of peripheral nerves. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on the Nrg1 / ErbB2 signaling pathway in male rats with diabetic neuropathic pain.
Methods: Twenty-four 8-week-old male Wistar rats (weight range 204 ± 11.3 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8) including: Diabetic neuropathy (50 mg / kg streptozotocin injection), Diabetic neuropathy Exercise (30 minutes exercise aerobics intensity 15 m/min, 5 days per week for 6 weeks), and healthy controls. After confirmation of diabetic neuropathic pain by behavioral tests, aerobic exercise protocol was performed. The expression of Nrg1 / ErbB2 genes was measured by real-time technique. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Aerobic exercise reduced the nervous system's sensitivity to thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. Induction of diabetes significantly reduced Nrg1 and ErbB2 gene expression. There was also a significant increase in the expression of the above genes in the exercise group compared to the diabetic neuropathy group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that aerobic exercise is effective in increasing the nerve repair process by activating growth signaling pathways in Schwann cells. It is recommended that aerobic exercise be used for diabetics to reduce neuropathic pain.
Mohamad Derakhshandeh, Farzaneh Taghian, Khosro Jalali Dehkordi, Ali Hoseini,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence analysis based on the gene list obtained from the DisGeNET database identified the important genes involved in the heart damage process. Data enrichment highlighted the apoptosis signaling pathway as a vital pathway in cardiovascular risk. Hence, we estimated the binding affinity of chemical and plant bioactive molecules for cytochrome-c protein. Here, we performed to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training (RT) with Tribulus Terrestris (TT) consumption on the mechanism of apoptosis in the heart tissue of rats exposed to stanozolol.
Methods: Thirty-five male rats were divided into seven groups: (1) Control, (2) Stanozolol (ST), (3) ST + 100 mg / kg TT, (4) ST + 50 mg / kg TT, (5) ST + RT (SRT), (6) S + RT + 100 mg / kg T (SRTT100), and (7) ST + RT + 50 mg / kg T (SRTT50). Differential gene expression was measured by q-RT-PCR. In bioinformatics analysis, the apoptosis signaling pathway was defined as a critical process in heart damage. In addition, adverse effects of Tribulus Terrestris and stanozolol on heart tissue were detected through the apoptotic pathway by molecular docking.
Result: Resistance training along with 100 mg/kg reduced CRP and cytochrome-c Moreover, 100 mg/kg TT as a more favorable effect than 50 mg/kg TT
Conclusion: we showed the beneficial effects of Tribulus Terrestris, the plant’s bioactive compound that can reduce cardiovascular risks by impairing the formation of apoptosome assemblages and inflammation.
Samira Majidi, Abdolali Banaeifar, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Sajad Arshadi,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is the most common glandular disease in the world. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three types of endurance, resistance and combination training on inflammation and insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: For this purpose, among eight-week-old male Wistar rats, 48 rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups (diabetic endurance training, diabetic resistance training, diabetic combination training, healthy combined training, healthy control and diabetic control). The rats became diabetic by injecting 95 mg of nicotinamide and after 15 minutes of STZ injection at the rate of 55 mg/kg body weight. 4 days after injection, rats with serum glucose above 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Then, the endurance training group trained for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week with moderate intensity (50-60% of maximum oxygen consumption). The initial load to start resistance training was 50% of the rat's body weight. Each session added 15% of body weight to the weights. The combined exercise group also performed resistance and endurance exercises in a row. 48 hours after the last session, the rats were anesthetized and visceral adipose tissue was removed to examine the variables.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effect of six weeks of endurance, resistance and combined exercise on inflammation and insulin resistance in the visceral adipose tissue of male diabetic mice.
Conclusion: The results confirm the effect of three training methods on the mechanisms involved in diabetes.
Mahnaz Omidi, Parya Vismoradi,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Adipulin is a hormone secretd by fat cells that acts as a metabolic regulator with anti-inflammatory properties and is reduced through obesity, diabetes and inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of high and moderate intensity aerobic exercise on serum adipolin levels and some indicators of metabolic syndrome in obese women.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 36 people were randomly divided into three groups of 12 people (2 experimental groups and one control group). Aerobic exercise group with an intensity of 85-95% of maximum heart rate performed intermittent walking and running on the treadmill for 33 minutes per session and exercise group with an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate walked continuously for 41 minutes. (Training duration for 2 groups was 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week, The control group was not active during this period). One-way analysis of variance statistical and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used at the significant level (P> 0.05).
Results: High intensity aerobic exercise significantly increased serum adipolin levels (P= 0.001) and decreased total cholesterol (P= 0.020), triglyceride (P= 0.021) and insulin resistance (P= 0.001). The results also showed no significant differences in the levels of high-density lipoprotein (P= 0.615), low-density lipoprotein (P= 0.604), and blood pressure (P= 0.269) in the three groups. Medium-intensity aerobic exercise had no effect on serum adipoline levels (P= 0.192), only glucose, (P= 0.025), triglycerides (P= 0.010), systolic blood pressure (P= 0.028) and insulin (P= 0.043) decreased and the levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein did not change significantly.
Conclusion: In the end, it can be said that it seems that individuals can use high-intensity aerobic exercise to increase the amount of adipolin as an indicator of improving insulin sensitivity and also improving the indicators of metabolic syndrome.
