Showing 6 results for Adipose Tissue
Maryam Sadat Farvid, T.w.k Ng, Chan D.c, Barrett P.h.r , Watts G.f,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (5-2006)
Abstract
Background: Obesity is an escalating public health problem. It is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Since circulating levels of the adipocytokins are associated with obesity and dyslipidemia, we investigated the relationship of plasma adipocytokine concentrations with VLDL apolipoprotein B (apoB)-100 kinetics in men.
Methods: Plasma adiponectin, leptin, resistin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations were measured using enzyme immunoassays and insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) score in 41 men with BMI of 22–35 kg/m2. VLDL apoB kinetics were determined using an intravenous infusion of 1-[13C]leucine, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and compartmental modeling. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass (ATM) were determined using magnetic resonance imaging, and total ATM was measured by bioelectrical impedance.
Results: In univariate regression, plasma adiponectin and leptin concentrations were inversely and directly associated, respectively, with plasma triglyceride and HOMA score. Conversely, adiponectin and leptin were directly and inversely correlated, respectively, with VLDL apoB catabolism and HDL cholesterol concentration (P < 0.05). Resistin, IL-6, and TNF-α were not significantly associated with any of these variables. In multivariate regression, adiponectin was the most significant predictor of VLDL apoB catabolism (P= 0.001) and, together with visceral ATM, was an independent predictor of plasma VLDL apoB concentration (P = 0.015) HOMA score was the most significant predictor of VLDL apoB hepatic secretion (P= 0.049). Leptin was not an independent predictor of VLDL apoB kinetics.
Conclusion: Plasma VLDL apoB kinetics may be differentially controlled by adiponectin and insulin resistance, with adiponectin regulating catabolism and insulin resistance regulating hepatic secretion in men. But leptin, resistin, IL-6, and TNF-α do not have a significant effect in regulating apoB kinetics.
Fatemeh Zarei, Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam, Maryam Shabani, Masoud Jokar,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (1-2020)
Abstract
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes can impair the function of important cellular pathways. Activation of the mTOR pathway results in regulation of the SREBP1 protein for metabolism and regulation of adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval training on the content of
mTOR and SREBP1 in adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 to 2-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300 20± 20 g were selected and after being diabetic by induction of STZ and nicotine amide, randomly divided in two groups, diabetic training (6 rats) and diabetic control (6 rats). Exercise group training 4 days a week for 4 weeks according to the training HIIT; The control group had no exercise program. Independent t-test and dependent t-test were used for data analysis.
Results: There was no significant change in mTOR protein content (p=0.12); But the SREBP1 protein content (p=0.001) increased significantly. The weight of control group (P=0.0001) and HIIT group (P=0.010) showed a significant increase. Blood sugar in the control group also increased significantly (P=0.0001), but HIIT mice did not show a significant change (P = 0.14).
Conclusion: 4 weeks of HIIT
training did not significantly change weight, blood glucose and mTOR protein content. But it did increase the SREBP1 content, so factors such as duration and intensity of training should be adjusted in order to achieve the best results when administering HIIT.
Farzaneh Karimi, Farhad Daryanoosh, Mohsen Salesi, Javad Nemati,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes can impair the function of cells, including CREB and CRTC2 proteins, which are important for regulating adipose tissue metabolism. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on CREB and CRTC2 proteins levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese rats with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 head two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 300±20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with Streptozotocin and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, diabetic training (6 heads) and diabetic control (6 heads). The training groups performed the training program 4 days a week for 8 weeks, including 5
interval 4-minute with an intensity of 85 to 95% of the maximum speed, and 3-minute active rest periods with an intensity of 50 to 60% of the maximum speed; SPSS software version 23 and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.
Result: After eight weeks of HIIT training, no significant change in CREB protein level was observed in the
training group compared to the control (P<0.22); However, a significant increase in CRTC2 protein level was observed in the training group compared to the control (P<0.005);
Conclusion: HIIT training did not result in a change in CREB protein level. But, it was able to increase the CRTC2 protein level, which could lead to the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism in diabetic subjects.
Seyedeh Sogand Hosseini, Mohammedreza Esmaelzadeh Toloee,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background: TORC1 protein is an important factor in regulating adipose tissue metabolism. Type 2 diabetes can lead to dysfunction and the development of obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity
interval training (HIIT) and endurance on blood
glucose and TORC1 protein content in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese with type 2 diabetes rats.
Methods: In this study, 18 head 2 Sprague-Dawley male rats with a mean weight of 270±30 g were selected. After becoming type 1 diabetic through streptozotocin and Nicotine amide solution, they were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1) HIIT training 2) endurance training and 3) control (6 heads per group). Exercise groups exercised 4 days a week for 8 weeks according to HIIT and endurance training programs. SPSS software version 23, one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyze the data.
Result: Eight weeks of HIIT and endurance training resulted in a significant decrease in blood glucose level (p<0.0001) and a significant increase in TORC1 protein content (P<0.0001) compared to the control group.
Conclusion: HIIT and endurance training lowered blood glucose levels and increase TORC1 protein content, which this training can be a suitable and non-invasive treatment to control diabetes and also regulate adipose tissue metabolism in type 2 diabetics who are prone to obesity.
Samira Majidi, Abdolali Banaeifar, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Sajad Arshadi,
Volume 21, Issue 6 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is the most common glandular disease in the world. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three types of endurance, resistance and combination training on inflammation and insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue of type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: For this purpose, among eight-week-old male Wistar rats, 48 rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups (diabetic endurance training, diabetic resistance training, diabetic combination training, healthy combined training, healthy control and diabetic control). The rats became diabetic by injecting 95 mg of nicotinamide and after 15 minutes of STZ injection at the rate of 55 mg/kg body weight. 4 days after injection, rats with serum glucose above 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Then, the endurance training group trained for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week with moderate intensity (50-60% of maximum oxygen consumption). The initial load to start resistance training was 50% of the rat's body weight. Each session added 15% of body weight to the weights. The combined exercise group also performed resistance and endurance exercises in a row. 48 hours after the last session, the rats were anesthetized and visceral adipose tissue was removed to examine the variables.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effect of six weeks of endurance, resistance and combined exercise on inflammation and insulin resistance in the visceral adipose tissue of male diabetic mice.
Conclusion: The results confirm the effect of three training methods on the mechanisms involved in diabetes.
Vida Hakimi, Hamid Mohebbi, Bahman Mirzaei,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background: Adipose tissue fibrosis is involved in glucose metabolism disorder and insulin resistance in obesity, but the effect of exercise on the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis is still unknown.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) simultaneously with high-fat diet on TGF-β1, MMP-9 and MMP-2 in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of male rats.
Methods: 24 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), Normal diet + high intensity interval training (ND+HIIT), high fat diet+ high intensity interval training (HFD+HIIT). The HIIT protocol includes 8 bouts of intense activity at 90% of maximum running capacity (MRC) for 2.5 minutes, with active rest periods at 50% of maximum running capacity for 2.5 minutes for 12 weeks (5 sessions per week). 48 hours after the last training session, blood was taken, and subcutaneous fat was removed. Western blot method was used evaluate the TGF-β1 and ELISA method was used to measure levels of MMP-9, MMP-2, insulin.
Results: Induction of obesity was associated with a significant increase in TGF-β1, MMP-9 and MMP-2 and insulin resistance (P˂ 0.0001). In contrast, high-intensity interval with high fat diet compared to the high fat diet group causes a significant decrease in the amount of TGF-β1, MMP-9, MMP-2, and insulin resistance (P˂ 0.0001).
Conclusion: In conclusion, our data indicate that High-intensity interval training may weaken the progression of adipose tissue fibrosis and have a preventive effect on the increase in glucose metabolism disorders caused by a high-fat diet.
