Iranian Journal of

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Background: Exercise is very important factor in control of diseases. It also has been suggested that angiogenesis inhibitor factor is controlled and angiogenesis simulative factor is intensified on those who are suffering diabetic and doing physical activity. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of Eight-week Resistance Training on unbalanced Angiogenesis in Diabetic male rats. Methods: Twenty-four diabetic male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of control and training. Resistance training protocol includes one set of 10 times per day climbing the ladder suffering a weight connected to each rat tail [with respect to the maximum volume carrying each rat] for 3days a week and for 8 weeks. After 48 hour of the last training session, blood samples were taken from rat's hearts and VEGF, NO, glucose and insulin were determined regarding to serum sample taken. Analytical statistics examined with the use of SPSS16 software and considering α< 0.05. Results: this study of Eight-week Resistance Training resulted no significant increase on VEGF [P=0.776] and NO [p=0.946] in diabetic rats serum but there was a significant decrease in blood glucose [p=0.001] however, no significant difference was observed in insulin level between the groups [p=0.93]. Conclusion: Despite resistance training appears to improve glucose levels in diabetic rats it has no positive effect on the stimulation factors of angiogenesis.

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Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the first cause of death in diabetic patients and angiogenesis is the most important mechanism for the recovery of heart blood flow in physiologic and pathologic conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of moderate continuous and sever interval training on heart angiogenesis in Wistar male diabetic rats.
Methods: 32 Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups: healthy non-exercised, diabetic no exercise, diabetic + moderate continuation and diabetic + severe interval exercises. Two types of exercises were calibrated and the exercise intensity was determined based on the maximum oxygen consumption and 5 days a week. The pro-angiogenic (VEGF, MMP₂, TGFβ₁) and anti-angiogenic (TIMP2) agents of the left ventricle of the heart were taken from the rat after 48 hours of the last training session. Western blot method was used to evaluate the synthesis of proteins involved in angiogenic route. Data were measured by one-way variance analysis with repeated measurements (P =0/000).
Results: The results showed that the levels of proangiogenic VEGF, MMP₂, TGFβ1 significantly increased, but the anti-angiogenic factor of TIMP₂ decreased (P <0.05). In addition, the maximum level of oxygen consumed in both continuous and periodic training groups showed a significant increase.
Conclusion: Moderate and continuous exercise increases angiogenic factors in the heart of diabetic Wistar rats, which is a good way to reduce the mortality rate of diabetes.

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Background: Exercise and the simultaneous use of progenitor cells is a new strategy aimed for reducing diabetic disorders. One of the known mechanisms is angiogenic disorders caused by diabetes. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the simultaneous effect of resistance training with endothelial progenitor cell injection on the expression of angiogenic factors in the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.
Methods: In this study, 30 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: healthy, diabetic control (D) trained diabetic (DR), diabetic with endothelial progenitor cell injection (DI), diabetic trained with endothelial progenitor cell injection (DRI) were divided. VEGF protein expression was measured by Western blotting and insulin resistance index was measured by ELISA. The data were analyzed using two-factor analysis of variance test with SPSS software version 19 at a significance level of 5%.
Results: In this study, 6 weeks of resistance training or progenitor cell injection caused a significant increase in VEGF and a significant decrease in insulin resistance index in diabetic rats. In the group that used simultaneous exercise and injection compared to the group with exercise and injection and these changes were significant in the group of simultaneous use of exercise and injection compared to the group of exercise with injection.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be stated that resistance training or injection of endothelial progenitor cells can stimulate angiogenesis in skeletal muscle, also the simultaneous use of these two factors is a better way to increase angiogenesis in rats

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Background: Angiogenesis disorders are known mechanisms of diabetes. With the aim of reducing angiogenesis disorders, resistance training and its combination with endothelial progenitor cell injection are new strategies. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the effect of resistance training with endothelial progenitor cell injection on the expression of angiogenic factors in the skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.
Methods: In this study, 30 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: healthy, control (D) diabetic, trained diabetic (DR), endothelial progenitor cell (DI) diabetic, trained endothelial progenitor cell (DRI) diabetic) Were divided. Ang1 and Tie2 protein expression changes were measured by Western blotting. Data were analyzed using two-factor analysis of variance with SPSS software version 19 at a significance level of 5% α≤.
Results: In this study, 6 weeks of resistance training led to a significant increase in Ang1 and Tie2 proteins. But injection of endothelial progenitor cells was significant only on the amount of Tie2 protein. The interactive effect of resistance training and endothelial progenitor cell injection was significant only on the amount of Tie 2 protein. In other words, the combination of resistance training and endothelial progenitor cell injection was superior to Tie2 protein expression than training or injection alone.
Conclusion: It can be said that resistance training improves angiogenesis in diabetics. Combining resistance training with endothelial progenitor cell injections could possibly stimulate angiogenesis in skeletal muscle and be a new strategy in the treatment of diabetic disorders.

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Background: Type 1 diabetes is associated with decreased skeletal muscle capillary and improper regulation of angiogenesis pathways in skeletal muscle. This research intended to study the effect of resistance training and endothelial stem cell injection on βeta-actin, phosphorylated and total AKT of skeletal muscle in type 1 diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats (age 6 weeks) were divided into six groups of control (healthy), basal diabetic control, diabetic control, diabetes + stem cell injection, diabetes + resistance training and diabetes + stem cell injection + resistance training. In this study, rats became diabetic intraperitoneally using streptozotocin as a single dose of 40 mg/kg. Resistance exercises including climbing a one-meter ladder with weights hanging from the tail were performed for 17 sessions. 500,000 bone-derived stem cells were injected by a cell counter. The levels of βeta-actin, phosphorylated and total AKT in skeletal muscle tissue of rat were measured by using the Western blotting method.
Results: The results showed that resistance training led to significant increase in Pho-AKT, β-actin and Pho-AKT/AKT ratio and significant decrease in AKT of muscle tissue in type 1 diabetic rats (P<0.001). Injection of stem cells leads to significant increase in Pho-AKT and Pho-AKT/AKT ratio and resistance training with simultaneous injection of stem cells leads to significant increase in Pho-AKT, β-actin and significant decrease in Akt of muscle tissue in type 1 diabetic rats (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results, it is possible that the intervention of resistance training with injection of stem cells can help regulate the pathways of skeletal muscle angiogenesis in type 1 diabetes.