Showing 2 results for Consent
Bagher Larijani, Farzaneh Zahedi,
Volume 4, Issue 0 (2-2005)
Abstract
Background: In modern biomedicine, there is an increasing speed of development of new ideas and technologies and, consequently, increasing speed of new applicable knowledge. The rapid advances in medicine and biotechnology during recent decades, is accompanied with important discussions about new questions and dilemmas in the field of professional ethics. The increased recognition of ethical problems has contributed to the emergence of medical ethics as a new, cooperative and collaborative discipline in the world.
Methods: This article provides an introduction to main issues in modern medical ethics. It is a review of a great deal of books and articles which are published in the recent years.
Results: Some of the issues discussed include: physician-patient relationship, consent and informed decision-making, issues before birth, and end of life issues. Ethical issues in organ transplantation, biotechnology, assisted reproduction, medical research, clinical ethics education, and resource allocation are also reviewed briefly.
Conclusion: This intensive review of the basic issues in contemporary medical ethics is aimed at providing health care professionals a basic knowledge about ethical issues within their clinical practice.
Fariba Asghari, Akbar Fotouhi,
Volume 4, Issue 0 (2-2005)
Abstract
Background: Clinical trial is the standard method to assess efficacy of a medical intervention. Because of its experimental nature, meaning that subjects are exposed to an intervention with uncertain outcome and according to historical evidences of criminal researches, clinical trial is of something of a lightning rod for ethical concerns. Ethical issues surrounding clinical trials are very pervasive and in many respects, they are as important as the Methodological issues. Patients place a great deal of trust in clinical investigators and often participate in trial when the chance of personal benefit is low. The clinical investigators must continue to earn this trust by demon storable commitment to ethical standards.
Methods: In this article after reviewing the appropriateness and necessity of clinical trial and its required methodological characteristics, ethical issues consisting importance of protocol, informed consent, study on vulnerable subjects, compensation, conflict of interest and responsibility of ethical committees in evaluation of clinical trial will be discussed.
Conclusion: To assess efficacy of a medical intervention, clinical trial is ethicly not only inevitable but also necessary. However it doesn't reduce necessity of attention to the participants rights.
