Showing 3 results for Cytokines
Mohammad Hossein Niknam, Ali Rafinejad, Ali Akbar Amirzargar, Farideh Khosravi, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (6-2004)
Abstract
Background: Type 1A Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic and progressive auto- immune disorder resulting from immune mediated destruction of Langerhans islet beta cells. The etiology of T1DM like the other autoimmune diseases is unknown and many factors are involved, Both humoral and cell-mediated immunity have a critical role in T1DM pathogenesis. The cytokines, the immunomodulatory peptides, are responsible for the immune cell recruitment and producing auto-antibodies by the immune effector cells. To evaluate the role of cytokines in sensitivity or resistance to T1DM, we have employed IFN gamma to determine their gene polymorphisms and their association with T1DM.
Methods: 30 patient suffering from T1DM and 40 normal control were studied simultaneously .PCR technique was used to characterize the polymorphisms of cytokine. Salting out method was performed for DNA isolation .The polymorphosime of IFN gamma gene was determined on position UTR+5664`5.The PCR products were evaluated by Gel Electerophoresis Technique.
Results: There was a significant difference between patient and control group in TT allele IFN gamma gene: p<0.05, RR: 0.39(0.22
Fatemeh Nohtani, Morteza Behnam Rasouli, Sajad Sahab Negah, Masumeh Kheirabadi,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background: Under hyperglycemic conditions, inflammatory processes with damage to the peripheral nerves are involved in the occurrence of neuropathy. This study aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin (synthetic drug) with gallic acid (natural compound) in hyperglycemic conditions.
Methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in male rats by the intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg/Kg. For this research, rats were divided into four groups. Two groups were healthy control and hyperglycemic control rats that did not receive any drugs. The other two groups were hyperglycemic rats, which respectively received Metformin at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day and gallic acid at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day. At the end of the 8-week period, the rats in all groups were anesthetized and a sample of their sciatic nerve was taken to measure the expression level of genes related to pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Data analysis was done by SPSS software and comparison between average data was done by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: Induction of hyperglycemic conditions in rats increased the expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (p=0/000), IL-1β (p=0/008) and TNF-α (p=0/005). However, administration of metformin and gallic acid to hyperglycemic rats for 8 weeks reduced the expression of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α genes (p˂0.05).
Conclusion: Gallic acid, like metformin, with its anti-inflammatory properties, can be effective in improving complications caused by hyperglycemic conditions, especially neuroinflammation, and it is hoped that it will be clinically useful for diabetic patients in the future.
Masoumeh Nezhadali,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (2-2024)
Abstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by by insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. Insulin resistance is the most important characteristic of type 2 diabetes, in which the peripheral tissues, including the liver, skeletal muscles, and fat tissue, shows a lower response to the presence of insulin and insulin function is impaired. Adipose tissue, in addition to storing fat, synthesizes and secretes several bioactive peptides and molecules called adipokine and cytokine, which play an important role in regulating metabolism, inflammation, obesity and diabetes.
Methods: In the present study, Search in Persian and Latin databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google scholar SID, Magiran with the keywords Diabetes, Insulin Resistance, Adipokine, Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, TNF-α, IL-6 , RBP-4, Chemerin, Vaspin, Visfatin, Omentin, Aplin were performed to retrieve articles published from 2011 to 2024.
Results: The results show that adiponectin levels decrease in patients with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. Elevated levels of leptin and retinol-binding protein-4 play an important role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Based on the evidence, adiponectin, resistin, TNF-α, interleukin-6, vaspin and visfatin are associated with insulin resistance and T2D. Contradictory results have been reported on the relationship of omentin, apelin and chemerin with insulin resistance and T2D.
Conclusion: Adipocytokines could be considered as a biomarker for predicting and early diagnosing insulin resistance and T2D.
