Showing 4 results for Gdm
Arash Hossein-Nezhad, Zhila Maghbouli, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (7-2004)
Abstract
Background: Recurrent GDM are more common in women with previous GDM. Also GDM is an important risk factor for abnormal glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes during postpartum. This study aims to determine the prevalence of postpartum IGT and T2DM in women with previous GDM.
Methods: A cohort study was conducted on 2416 pregnant women referred to five Tehran university hospital clinics. The universal screening was performed with a GCT-50g and those with plasma glucose level130mg/dl, were diagnosed as having GDM if they had an impaired GTT-100g based on Carpenter and Coustan criteria. All pregnancies were followed up until delivery. Available GDM patients underwent an OGTT-75gr within 6 to 12 weeks after delivery. Postpartum diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to ADA criteria. Student T test and ANOVA used for comparing means of variables and Chi Square used for comparing of frequency of variables. Value of P less than 0.5 determine as significant different.
Results: the prevalence of GDM was 4.7%. In fallow up 85.9% of women with GDM were screen in postpartum. 16.3% of women required insulin treatment and other patients were managed with diet. Prevalence of postpartum diabetes mellitus and IGT were 8.1% (CI 95%: 3.5-15.4) and 21.4% (CI 95%: 13.7-30.8) respectively, and 70.5% returned to normoglycemy.
Conclusion: Abnormal glucose tolerance is a common disorder in the early postpartum in GDM patients.
Because of the high incidence of glucose tolerance disorders in women with previous GDM, screening, diagnosis and management during pregnancy was important for prevention of these disorders.
Following up these mothers after delivery is highly recommended.
Zhila Maghbouli, Arash Hossein-Nezhad, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (6-2005)
Abstract
Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a reported 3% to 65% risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study aims to identify the factors in GDM patients which can predict the risk of postpartum impaired glucose tolerance (T2DM+IGT) and T2DM.
Methods: A cohort study was conducted on 2416 pregnant women referred to five university hospital clinics. The universal screening was performed with a GCT- 50g and those with plasma glucose level 130mg/dl, were diagnosed as GDM if they had an impaired GTT-100g based on Carpenter and Coustan criteria. All pregnancies were followed until delivery. Available GDM patients underwent an OGTT-75gr within 6 to 12 weeks after delivery. Postpartum diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to ADA criteria.
Results: Such factors as FBS105 during pregnancy, insulin requirement during pregnancy and BMI≥27kg/m2 before pregnancy were more prevalent in postpartum diabetic patients as compared with normal controls, significantly. Multivariate analysis suggested that gestational requirement for insulin and BMI≥27kg/m2 were the best predictors for developing postpartum diabetes. Also history of abortion, gestational requirement for insulin and BMI≥27kg/m2 were the best predictors for postpartum IGT.
Conclusion: Women with GDM have a substantially increased risk of developing postpartum IGT or diabetes. High glucose levels, insulin requirement during pregnancy, history of abortion and BMI≥27kg/m2 are the best predictors for postpartum diabetes and IGT.
Arash Hossein-Nezhad, Jila Maghbooli, Seyed Masoud Arzaghi, Alireza Shafaei, Mazaher Rahmani, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (5-2006)
Abstract
Background: Although there is increasing evidences that vitamin D is related to the occurrence of diabetes mellitus, its relation to glucose metabolism in pregnancy is not well studied. This study investigated 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency status in GDM pregnant women.
Methods: As a cross sectional study we recruited 741 pregnant women referred to five university educating hospital clinics. The universal screening was performed with a GCT-50g and those with plasma glucose level ≥130mg/dl, were diagnosed as GDM, if they had an impaired GTT-100g based on Carpenter and Coustan criteria. The levels of insulin was studied during OGTT-100g. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D was measured too.
Results: Univeriate analysis revealed that 25 (OH) vit D concentrations were positively correlated with HOMA and ISOGTT index. Subjects with hypovitaminosis D (<12.5nmol/dl) had greater prevalence of GDM than others.
Conclusion: The results reveal a positive association between 25(OH) vit D concentrations and insulin sensitivity. Vit D deficiency is more prevalent in patients with GDM than normal pregnant women, So vit D supplementation may control glucose levels and improves outcome of pregnancy.
Ghazale Valipur, Zatollah Asemi, Mansooreh Samimi, Zohreh Tabassi, Sima-Sadat Sabihi Sabihi, Parvane Saneei, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background: There are no available reports indicating the effects of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan on insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) We aimed to investigate the effects of DASH diet on insulin resistance, serum hs-CRP and biomarkers of oxidative stress among pregnant women with GDM.
Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed among 32 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either the control (n=16) or DASH diet (n=16) for 4 weeks. The DASH diet was rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products and low in saturated fats, total fats, cholesterol, refined grains, and sweets, with a total of 2400 mg/d sodium. The control diet contained 40-55% of its energy as carbohydrates, 10-20% as proteins and 25-30% as total fats. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention to measure fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin and hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total glutathione levels (GSH).
Results: Consumption of DASH diet, compared to the control diet, resulted in decreased FPG (-7.62 vs. 3.68 mg/dL P=0.02), serum insulin levels (-2.62 vs. 4.32 µIU/ml, P=0.03) and HOMA-IR score (-0.8 vs. 1.1 P=0.03). Increased concentrations of plasma TAC (45.2 vs. -159.2 mmol/L P<0.0001) and GSH (108.1 vs. -150.9 µmol/L P<0.0001) were also seen in the DASH group compared with control group. We failed to find a significant difference in mean changes of serum hs-CRP levels between the two diets. Within-group comparisons revealed a significant reduction in plasma TAC and GSH levels in the control diet, while a significant rise in these biomarkers in the DASH diet.
Conclusion: In summary, consumption of DASH diet in pregnant women with GDM had beneficial effects on FPG, serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR score, plasma TAC and total GSH levels. The effects of this dietary pattern on pregnancy outcomes need to be investigated in future studies.
