Showing 8 results for Hypertension
Masoud Amini, Maryam Mohammadi, Mehrdad Hosseinpour,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (7-2002)
Abstract
Introduction: In this study, we compared the level of glycosylated haemoglobin in patients with essential hypertension and healthy controls.
Method: 70 non-diabetic patients with essential hypertension were recruited into the study along with 140 controls without any significant medical history. Persons with a history of metabolic disease, anaemia, renal disease, splenectomy, pregnancy, or on medication were excluded from the study. A blood sample was taken from each participant and immediately sent to the EEMRC laboratory, where fasting blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin levels were measured by the glucose oxidase and thiobarbituric acid (colorimetry) method, respectively. The unpaired t-test was used to compare means. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mean fasting blood glucose was 103.1±16.1mg/dl in the hypertensive group and 92±7mg/dl in controls (p<0.05). Mean glycosylated haemoglobin levels were 7.38±0.78% in the hypertensive group and 6.5±0.85% in controls (p<0.05). Conclusion: People with essential hypertension have a higher level of glycosylated haemoglobin than healthy controls.
Arash Hossein-Nezhad, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (7-2002)
Abstract
Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance occurring or detected for the first time during pregnancy. Hypertension occurring as a result of pregnancy is called pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), which is itself divided into two groups: gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. The aim of this study is to compare the incidence of hypertensive disorders in patients with GDM and controls.
Methods: This is a case-control study of 2416 pregnant women attending 5 antenatal clinics attached to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The universal two-step screening approach was used: first, all women underwent a 50-gram 1-hour glucose challenge test second, all women with a 1-hour blood glucose concentration higher than 130mg/dl underwent a 100-gram, 3 hour oral glucose tolerance test. Carpenter and Coustan’s criteria were used to diagnose GDM. 220 women with a normal glucose challenge test were chosen as controls. GDM cases and controls were matched for age, body mass index, parity, and gestational age.
Results: 114 women overall were diagnosed with GDM. Mean age, BMI, and parity in GDM and control groups were 29.09±6.13 and 28.64±6.00 years, 27.43±4.33 and 26.64±1.8 kg/m2, and 1.79 and 1.52 births, respectively. Women with GDM had a higher prevalence of essential hypertension, PIH, and pre-eclampsia than matched controls.
Conclusion: Our results show that hypertensive disorders are more common in women with GDM than in normoglycaemic controls of similar age, parity and BMI.
Azam Teimoury, Zhila Behrouz, Masoud Amini,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (7-2004)
Abstract
Background: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients is, in part, related to these two risk factors. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan.
Methods : In this cross – sectional study during 2001 – 2003, 310 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, in Isfahan endocrine and metabolism research center, were studied. Height, weight, blood pressure, Plasma lipid and lipoproteins, and HbA1c were determined for all subjects.
Results: Mean age at presentation was 489.83 years, and mean BMI was 28.44.62 Kg/m2. Hypertension was present in 32.9%, hypercholesterolaemia in 61.3%, hypertriglyceridaemia in 61.6%, high LDL in 77.3%, and low HDL in 67.8% of these patietns. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 119.0816.59 and 70.0214.02mmHg, respectively. The mean for total cholestrol was 216.1043.65, for triglyceride 207.46105.67, for LDL 124.7331.45, and for HDL 43.119.29 mg/dl.
Conclusion: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are common in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. This fact demonstrates the importance of early interventions for proper diagnosis and treatment of these two risk factors in diabetic patients.
Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi, Mojgan Kavyani, Ashraf Aminorroaya, Hasan Rezvanian, Ali Kachuei, Masoud Amini,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (6-2005)
Abstract
Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia may increase blood pressure by inducing endothelial cells dysfunction . The aim of this study was determining the relationship between plasma Homocysteine (Hcy) levels and blood pressure in new cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: As a cross sectional study, 46 new cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus referred to Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center were selected by convenient sampling. Basal characteristics of patients were recorded. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured two times with 30 minutes interval on two consequent days. After ten hours of overnight fasting, blood samples were taken to measure fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, Total cholesterol, HDL-C and creatinine. All data were expressed as mean (SD).
Relationship between plasma Homocysteine levels and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Patients were divided into three groups according to their plasma Homocysteine levels, (Hcy<10mol/L, 10Hcy<15 mol/L and Hcy15mol/L).. Then mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between groups were compared by one – way ANOVA and Tuckey-HSD tests.
Results: Mean (SD) of plasma Homocysteine levels was 12.2 (6.8) mol/L and of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 128.8 (18.1) and 82.3(9) mm/Hg, respectively. There was a significant
correlation between plasma Homocysteine levels, and both systolic (r=0.39, P<0.01) and diastolic (r=0.46, P<0.01) blood pressures. Mean (SD) of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with plasma Homocysteine level of 15mol/L was 152.5 (17.7) and 91.8 (7.3) mm/Hg, respectively, so blood pressure in those group with hyperhomocysteinemia was higher than other two groups (P<0.001). There was no correlation between Homocysteine levels and FPG, HbA1c and lipid profile.
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between plasma Homocysteine levels and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics. Patients with hyperhomocyteinemia have higher blood pressure.
Hossein Fakhrzadeh, Maryam Ghodsi, Anahita Hamidi, Alireza Moayyeri, Ramin Heshmat, Rasool Poorebrahim, Masoumeh Noori, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (8-2005)
Abstract
Background: It is well recognized that an increased body weight is often associated with increased blood pressure. Moreover, leptin an adipocyte-derived hormone is strongly suggested to have an important role in pathogenesis of the obesity. We aimed to evaluate the levels of serum leptin in association with obesity and hypertension in a sample of Iranian obese children.
Methods: Children from all the primary schools of a distinct of Tehran were screened for obesity. Children with a waist circumference equal to or above 90th percentile for their age and height were invited for the study. Anthropometric measurements were done and blood samples for fasting serum leptin levels were collected from 563 enrolled obese children. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to evaluate relationship of various factors with obesity.
Results: Mean Serum leptin levels were 8.65 ±2.18 (ng/ml). Serum Leptin levels were higher in girls than boys (P=0.009). There were significant correlations between body mass index (BMI) and serum Leptin levels, child age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure lost their association with serum Leptin level in multivariate linear regression analysis.
Conclusion: BMI is independently associated with Leptin levels among obese children. This may affirm a role for this hormone in the pathogenesis of childhood obesity. It seems unlikely that plasma Leptin be a major mediator of association between obesity and hypertension. However, severe hyperleptinemia may act as a risk factor for increased blood pressure.
Ali Mohammad Sharifi, Maryam Ghaderpanahi, Seyed Ziaedin Hosseini Mazhari,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (5-2007)
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease including hypertension are complications of long-standing diabetes. A few Studies had shown the positive effects of L-carnitine on hypertension. In this study, the possible effects of L-carnitne on nitric oxide (NO) levels and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in serum as well as systolic blood pressure (SBP) in diabetic and normal rats were studied.
Methods: In this study forty rats were used in four groups including non-treated control (C), L-carnitne treated control (CT), diabetic (D) and L-carnitne treated diabetic (DT). Diabetes was induced in rats by injection of stereptozotosin. Both of C & D groups had a free access to food and water and CT & DT groups were received daily dose of L-carnation in drinking water. At the end of 12 weeks SBP, serum NO and ACE activity were measured.
Results: Systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased in DT group compared to D group. Serum ACE activity was also significantly decreased in DT group compared to D group and the serum NO levels were significantly increased in DT & CT groups compared to D & C groups respectively.
Conclusion: Finally it could be concluded that L-carnitine may reduce SBP in diabetic rats via elevation of serum NO levels and reduction of serum ACE activity.
Parvin Mirmiran, Zahra Bahadoran, Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani, Fereidoun Azizi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: There are growing concern globally regarding fast food consumption and its
related cardiometabolic outcomes. In this study we investigated whether fast food
consumption could affect the occurrence of metabolic syndrome after 3-years of follow-up in
adults or not.
Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted in the framework of Tehran Lipid and
Glucose Study on 1476 adults, aged 19-70 years old. The usual intakes of participants were
measured using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline.
Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were assessed at baseline (2006-2008) and 3
years later (2009-2011). Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the
incidence of the MetS in each quartile of fast food consumption.
Results: The mean age of participants was 37.8±12.3 years old, and the mean BMI was
26.0±4.5 kg/m2
at baseline. Participants in the highest quartile of fast food consumption were
significantly younger (33.7 vs. 43.4 years, P <0.01). Higher consumption of fast food was
accompanied with more increment in serum triglyceride levels after the 3-year follow-up
(10.6±2.3 vs. 4.4±2.3 percent in the fourth and first quartile, respectively, P<0.01). After
adjustment for all of the potential confounding variables, the risk of metabolic syndrome, in
the highest quartile of fast foods compared with the lowest, was 1.85 (95% CI= 1.17-2.95).
Conclusion: We demonstrated that higher consumption of fast foods had undesirable effects
on metabolic syndrome after 3-years of follow-up in Iranian adults.
Ghazale Valipur, Zatollah Asemi, Mansooreh Samimi, Zohreh Tabassi, Sima-Sadat Sabihi Sabihi, Parvane Saneei, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background: There are no available reports indicating the effects of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan on insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) We aimed to investigate the effects of DASH diet on insulin resistance, serum hs-CRP and biomarkers of oxidative stress among pregnant women with GDM.
Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed among 32 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either the control (n=16) or DASH diet (n=16) for 4 weeks. The DASH diet was rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products and low in saturated fats, total fats, cholesterol, refined grains, and sweets, with a total of 2400 mg/d sodium. The control diet contained 40-55% of its energy as carbohydrates, 10-20% as proteins and 25-30% as total fats. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention to measure fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum insulin and hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total glutathione levels (GSH).
Results: Consumption of DASH diet, compared to the control diet, resulted in decreased FPG (-7.62 vs. 3.68 mg/dL P=0.02), serum insulin levels (-2.62 vs. 4.32 µIU/ml, P=0.03) and HOMA-IR score (-0.8 vs. 1.1 P=0.03). Increased concentrations of plasma TAC (45.2 vs. -159.2 mmol/L P<0.0001) and GSH (108.1 vs. -150.9 µmol/L P<0.0001) were also seen in the DASH group compared with control group. We failed to find a significant difference in mean changes of serum hs-CRP levels between the two diets. Within-group comparisons revealed a significant reduction in plasma TAC and GSH levels in the control diet, while a significant rise in these biomarkers in the DASH diet.
Conclusion: In summary, consumption of DASH diet in pregnant women with GDM had beneficial effects on FPG, serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR score, plasma TAC and total GSH levels. The effects of this dietary pattern on pregnancy outcomes need to be investigated in future studies.
