Iranian Journal of

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Background: Insulin dependent diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized as a T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) can either induce stimulating or regulatory functions of T cells depending on cytokines microenvironments.
Methods: In this study DCs were generated from mouse bone marrow progenitors through culturing in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 7 days followed by two other day treatments with IL-10 or LPS. The DCs were then pulsed with insulin peptide B9-23 and their maturation markers and their ability to induce T cell responses and cytokine profiles were studied.
Results: IL-10 treated DCs had an immature phenotype compared to LPS-treated DCs and expression of MHC-II in LPS-matured DCs was significantly higher than whom were treated with IL-10 (93% and 72% respectively, P<0.04). Although IL-10 like LPS-treated DCs were able to stimulate T cell proliferation, but the IFN-γ production was lower in IL-10 treated DCs (P<0.02).
Conclusion: Using IL-10 treated DCs seems to be useful in prevention and treatment of autoimmune diabetes. However to clarify this hypothesis it needs to study these effects in animal models of insulin dependent diabetes.

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Background: The proinflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF-α and anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 have important roles in inducing and preventing systemic inflammation, respectively. The purpose of this study was to the synergistic effect of High-Intensity Interval training and resveratrol consumption on IL-10 and TNF- α in diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 32 diabetic rats 225± 10 g based on Cohen's sample size estimation table diabetic with combination of high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) injection, were randomly divided into four groups: control(C), supplement(M), training (T)and training + supplement(TM). The training groups were exposed to high-intensity interval training with an intensity of 90 to 100% VO2max for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, each session for 18 minutes. The supplement groups received 10 mg / kg of resveratrol daily for eight weeks, three times a week by gavage. Blood samples were taken 48 hours after the last training session. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and SPSS software version 24 (ANOVA).
Results: Results showed that IL-10 increased in the experimental groups but was not significant (P=0.109). TNF-α levels decreased in the TM group, whereas it increased in the T and M groups, which was significant compared to the TM group (P=.000). Fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index decreased significantly in experimental groups (P=.000).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training plus resveratrol can have a positive effect on inflammation and insulin resistance by increasing IL-10 and decreasing TNF-α.

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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of concurrent training on pre-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines gene expression in women with type2 diabetes.
Methods: 18-patients (age30-38, >130 glycemic index) were selected, randomly, and divided into control (n=6) the concurrent training(diabetes, n=6) and the concurrent training (healthy, n=6)  groups. The concurrent training protocol consisted of 3 sessions resistance training per week, 8sets with 80% one maximum repetition( and the endurance training preformed with 30- minutes running (3sets×10 minutes) on a treadmill with 70-80 maximum heart rate(70-80 MHR), immediately. The leukocyte^’s IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 genes expression determined by the Real time-PCR technique. The quantitative expression of the cytokines gene was calculated using the 2^{-ΔΔ CT} method. The between- groups differences in variables were determined by independent t-test (permutation test) through REST software and independent one-way ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that IL-1β, TNF-α mRNA genes expression reduced significantly after the concurrent training in both the training groups in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the results also showed that IL-10 mRNA gene expression was not expressed in leukocytes after the concurrent training in both training groups in comparison to the control group (P>0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the results suggest that the concurrent training modulate IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA genes expression significantly in diabetic women but could not change IL-10 genes expression. This type of exercise training seems to be more effective in reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines than in enhancing anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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Background: Obesity has been recognized as one of the top 10 health problems by the World Health Organization. The purpose of the present study was to the effect of aerobic training on atrogin, eotaxin and IL-10 indices in obese women. 

Method: The present applied research was a quasi-experimental study in which 30 obese women aged 30-45 years were selected by available method from South Tehran Azad University (2016-2017) and randomly divided into two groups of aerobic exercise and control. 24 hours before the start of training, the individual characteristics of the subjects and the research variables (atrogen, eutoxin and IL-10) were measured in blood tissue, then the subjects of the experimental group had their training program for 8 weeks, 3 They performed one session per week and each session lasted 45-60 minutes under the supervision of a researcher. Dependent and independent t-test was used to analyze the data.

Results: Due to the lack of differences in pre-test scores, it was found that the groups were identical. It was also found that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise had a significant effect on the levels of eutoxin, atrogen and interleukin-10 in obese women (p = 0.001)

Conclusion: According to the research results, it is recommended that obese women exercise aerobically. Use to reduce the negative effects of obesity.