Showing 146 results for Training
Mohammad Ali Sardar, Ali Akbar Shamsian, Morteza Taghavi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (8-2006)
Abstract
Background: Combination of physical activity and pharmacotherapy in diabetes may augment the effects of the drug and may allow lower doses of medication that can minimize the side effects. The goal of the study was to determine the effectiveness of aerobic training and Glibenclamide combination in type 2 diabetes.
Methods: A total of 28 men with type 2 diabetes were divided to 3 groups randomly: Glibenclamide (5 mg daily) only, Glibenclamide (5 mg daily) plus aerobic training, Glibenclamide (2.5 mg daily) plus aerobic training. Aerobic training protocol was performed for 12 week, 3 days (session) a week, 45 minutes in a session (ergo cycle program at 60-70 % heart rate reserve). Fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, c-peptide, and insulin resistance were measured at pre, mid and post treatment periods. Analysis of Variance test (ANOVA) were used to evaluate data.
Results: HbA1c significantly decreased and c-peptide significantly increased in three groups (P<0.05).There were also no between-group differences for c-peptide and HbA1c (P>0.05). Fasting insulin concentration did not alter in three groups, however, insulin resistance decreased ( no significant ) after 12 weeks.
Conclusion: In type 2 diabetic patients, Glibenclamide treatment alone or combination of aerobic training and Glibenclamide treatment, was effective in improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes .As a result, in patients with type 2 diabetes, the addition of aerobic training to Glibencelamide treatment allow lower doses of Glibenclamide to be used without impairment in glycemic control.
Ghasem Abedi, Abolhasan Naghibi, Mahtab Alizadeh , Hosain Faghrzadeh, Farshad Sharifi, Mojtaba Rezaei Rad, Reza Yosefi, Fereshteh Farshidi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
Objective: Health of old people is one of the critical issues in many societies that needs to accurate
health policy making and adjust planning in health issues of elderly. The present study designed to
compare the efficacy of the two traditional and electronic training methods in nutritional issues in order
to life style modification in old people to develop of healthy elderly.
Methods: This survey was a quasi-experimental method via applying the Pre-test and Post-test among
65+ years old people in a retirement association of Sari province, Mazandaran state. By simple random
sampling method, 60 old people were selected, and then trained in two separated classes to 15 persons as
women and men (30 persons) via film technique. The other method was a traditional which applied in the
two separated classes of 15 persons as women and men (30 persons) by book technique. The
questionnaire applied to measure of nutritional knowledge made up by the health center. Data were
described by using SPSS software in accordance to descriptive statistics indexes (mean and standard
deviation), and inferential statistics indexes (independent T and dependent T) were used in order to
generalize results.
Findings: The mean score of increasing knowledge in training group by film was 18/57 and the mean
score in training group by book was 16/90 (T =5/299, df= 58). To satisfaction evaluating, the mean score
in training group by film was 59 and the mean score in training group by book was 35/73 (T =1/96,
df=58).
Conclusion: Based on results training of old people by electronic method as a film is more effective than
traditional method to increasing of nutritional knowledge in elderly. On the other hand, they had more
satisfaction to life style modification by using film method in comparison with traditional method as
book reading technique. Also, the training cost of the elderly via educational film is lower than training
by book. So, should be suggested to consider in training by film rather than book as an efficient and
effective method to improve of elderly health.
Malihe Aveseh, Rohollah Nikooie, Fereshteh Atabi, Zahra Mirzaie Zadeh , Kobra Omidfar, Bagher Larijani,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seven weeks endurance training on
RBP4 gene expression in Soleus and Extensor Digitrum Longouse (EDL) Muscles, liver, visceral and
subcutaneous fat in type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: 50 male wistar rats (5 weeks years old, weight = 93.7 ± 8.9) were purchased and randomly
divided into four groups: Control (n=10) (C), Trained (n=10) (T), Diabetic Control (n=15) (DC) and
Trained diabetic (n=15) (TD). Diabetes was induced by injection of low dose of streptozotocin (STZ)
and feeding with high fat diet. Insulin resistance accuracy was confirmed by HOMA-IR index and
Real-time PCR was used for mRNA content.
Results: After seven weeks of diabetes induction, the RBP4 mRNA content of the liver (2.37-fold P <
0.01), visceral fat (2.33-fold P < 0.01), and subcutaneous fat (1.83-fold P < 0.05), soleus (1.21-fold
P < 0.05) and EDL (2.03-fold P < 0.05) were increased. After seven weeks of endurance training
significant decrease in RBP4 mRNA content was found in visceral fat (P < 0.05), subcutaneous fat (P
< 0.05) and EDL (P < 0.05) between DC and CD. In addition, significant difference between T and TD
groups was found for RBP4 mRNA content in liver (p < 0.01), subcutaneous fat (P < 0.01) and EDL
(P < 0.01) after seven weeks of endurance training.
Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes considerably increases skeletal muscle RBP4 expression in isoform-
specific manner. This increase is also seen in liver, subcutaneous and visceral fat. In addition,
endurance training decreases the RBP4 expression in EDL, subcutaneous and visceral fat.
Rohollah Nikooie, Malihe Aveseh, Kobra Omidfar,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background: the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of diabetes and seven weeks
of endurance training on RBP4 expression in Soleus, extensor digiturom longuse (EDL), liver, visceral
and subcutaneous fat in type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: Fifty male wistar rats (93.7 ± 8.9 g) were randomly divided into four groups including:
control (C) [n=10], trained (T) [n=10], diabetic control (DC) [n=15] and diabetic trained (TD) [n=15].
The combination of Intraperitoneally injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and high fat diet feeding were
used for diabetes induction. After seven weeks of endurance training, serum RBP4 and its expression
in above tissues were measured by ELISA and western blotting techniques, respectively.
Results: diabetes induction increased the RBP4 expression of the liver (3.57-fold, p < 0.01), visceral
fat (2.02-fold, p < 0.01), and subcutaneous fat (1.84-fold, p < 0.01) and EDL (2.29-fold, p < 0.01) in
DC in comparison to C group. Serum RBP4 concentration was significantly higher in DC (2.9-fold, p
< 0.01) and TD (1.84-fold, p < 0.01) in comparison to C group. Endurance training significantly
decreased serum RBP4 (p < 0.01) and its expression in visceral fat (p < 0.01) in DT in comparison to
DC.
Conclusion: type 2 diabetes extensively decreases the skeletal muscle RBP4 expression in isoform –
specific manner, liver, subcutaneous and visceral fat. In addition, endurance training decreases serum
RBP4 concentration and its expression in visceral fat.
Alireza Safarzade, Khadije Esmailpour, Elahe Talebi-Garakani, Rozita Fathi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin and omentin-1 are adipokines with insulin-sensitizing properties. The aim
of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on serum levels of adiponectin and
omentin-1 in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Twenty four male Wister rats (12-14 weeks’ old) were randomly divided into three groups:
non-diabetic control, diabetic control, and diabetic training. The rats in diabetic training group were
subjected to a resistance training program (3 days/wk, for 4 wk) consisted of climbing a ladder
carrying a load suspended from the tail. Following four weeks resistance training serum glucose,
insulin, lipid profile, adiponectin, and omentin-1 concentrations were measured.
Results: Serum levels of omentin-1 and adiponectin were significantly lower in diabetic control group
compare with non-diabetic control group (P<0.001). After 4 weeks of resistance training serum
adiponectin levels was significantly higher in diabetic trained group compared with diabetic control
group (P= 0.028), but we did not find any significant difference in omentin-1 levels between two
diabetic groups. Morever, we did not find any significant difference in serum lipid profile among all
groups. Four weeks resistance training did not change serum glucose and insulin concentrations in
diabetic rats.
Conclusion: This study indicated that resistance training could increase serum adiponectin levels in
diabetic rats without significant changes in lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and omentin-1
concentrations. It seems low intensity and short term duration of resistance training had important
roles in failure of significant changes of omentin-1, glucose, and insulin concentrations.
Toktam Mahmudzadeh, Marziyeh Saghebjoo, Ali Seghatol Eslami, Mehdi Hedayati,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is considered as one of the health problems in all societies. Exercise training
and drug interventions, especially herbal medicines, consider as approaches to improving diabetes.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of aerobic training and Pistacia
atlantica extract consumption on pancreatic β-cells function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Thirty six male Wistar rats divided into five groups: normal control, diabetic control,
diabetes+aerobic training, diabetes+extract, diabetes+aerobic training+extract. Diabetes was induced
by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (40mg/kg). Exercise program was include 6 weeks of
aerobic training on a treadmill (5 sessions per week, 40 minutes per session, with a speed of 20m/min
and 5% incline). Extract groups were received Pistacia atlantica extract based on body weight, at the
end of each training session. After 6 weeks of aerobic training and Pistacia atlantica extract
consumption, plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured for determination of β-cells function
(HOMA-B). Data were analyzed via ANOVA, with a significant level P<0.05.
Results: HOMA-B index in diabetic control group was significantly higher than normal control group
(P=0.0001). Also mean of HOMA-B index in diabetes+extract and diabetes+exercise training+extract
groups was significantly lower than diabetic control group (P values 0.003, 0.001 respectively) and
between mean of HOMA-B index in diabetic control group with diabetes+aerobic training group were
observed no significant differences (P=0.052).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pistacia atlantica extract consumption, alone and
along with aerobic training leads to significant improvement in pancreatic β-cells function in diabetic
rats. Also extract consumption along with aerobic training in comparison to training alone has had
greater impact on the improvement of pancreatic β-cells function. It seems that aerobic training along
with the use of specific herbal plants can be considered as a complementary therapy in improvement
of diabetics.
Amirbahador Dakhili, Reza Gharakhanlou, Mansoureh Movaheddin, Ali Khazani, Mohammad Keshavarz,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (3-2014)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes
mellitus, which is associated with a decrease in the synthesis and transport of neurotrophins .
The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of endurance training on gene expression of
nerve growth factor (NGF) in the sensory spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathy.
Methods: Twenty eight adult male Wistar rats in the body mass range of 326.3±8.4 gr, randomly
assigned in to four groups: diabetic control, diabetic training, healthy control and healthy training. For
inducing diabetic neuropathy, after twelve hours of food deprivation, intraperitoneal injection of STZ
solution (45 mg/Kg) method was used. Two weeks after STZ injection, the endurance training
protocol was performed for six weeks and Twenty four hours after the last training session, rats were
sacrificed. Gene expression of NGF in rat spinal sensory segments were measured with Real time
technique. In order to determine the significant differences between groups and Interaction
independent variables two way anova and LSD post hoc test were used.
Results: Endurance training, resulted in a significant increase in gene expression of NGF in the rats.
Also, in compare with diabetic control, training led to significant decrease in blood glucose levels in
diabetic training group.
Conclusion: Increased physical activity and exercise can strongly affect pathological factors
associated with diabetic neuropathy by increasing nerve growth factor. It is recommended that for
prevention of neurological complications and treatment of diseases associated with diabets exercise
training could be used as a non-pharmachological treatment.
Mohammad Keshavarz, Reza Gharakhankou, Mansoureh Movaheddin, Leila Baghersad, Amir Dakhili, Ali Khazani,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background: Increased and decreased CDK5 gene expression regulation, as a protein kinase, is associated with launching death or survival pathways in the nervous system. According to the chronic effects of endurance training on growth Germination, Neuronal function and improvement of pathological conditions of neurodegenerative diseases, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of 6 Weeks Endurance Training on Gene Expression of Cdk5 in spinal motor part of Male Wistar Rats with Diabetic Neuropathy.
Methods: Twenty eight adult male Wistar rats ten year old in the weight range of 326.3±84gr, were randomly divided into four groups including healthy control (C), healthy training (HT), neuropathic control (N) and neuropathic training (NT). Diabetes was induced with one shut injection of STZ(45mg/Kg) and after confirmation of neuropathic condition with behavior tests, training groups performed 6 weeks endurance training(with moderate intensity and increasing) on the treadmill. CDK5 gene expression in Spinal motor segments forming the sciatic nerve was measured with Real time technique and calculated using the 2-ΔΔCT method.
Results: After 6 weeks of endurance training, CDK5 gene expression in spinal motor part of (NT) group was significantly lower than the (NC) group, also, in comparison with neuropathy control, training led to significant decrease in blood glucose levels in neuropathic training group.
Conclusion: According to the specific role of CDK5 in neuronal growth or death, our study showed the beneficial effects of Chronic endurance exercise on neural networks leading to reduced gene expression of CDK5 in a pathologic condition.
Zahra Jamshidi Khezerlou, Sajad Ahmadizad, Mehdi Hedayati, Hiwa Rahmani, Azade Movahedi,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to compare responses of Visfatin and insulin resistance index to various resistance exercise protocols.
Methods: Ten healthy male subjects performed three resistance exercise protocols including maximal strength (three sets of 5 repetition at 85% of 1-RM with 3-min rest between sets), hyperthrophy (three sets of 10 repetition at 70% of 1-RM with 2-min rest between sets) and strength-endurance (three sets of 15 repetition at 55% of 1-RM with 1-min rest between sets) in three separate sessions. Two blood samples were taken before and after resistance exercise protocol. Responses to different resistance exercise protocols were compared by using repeated measures of ANOVA (3×2).
Results: Irrespective of resistance exercise protocol, results showed that plasma visfatin reduced significantly (P<0.05) in response to resistance exercise. Between group comparisons revealed that reductions in visfatin concentration in response to strength-endurance and hypertrophy protocols were significantly higher than maximal strength protocol (P<0.05). Analysis showed that not only glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index did not change in response to resistance exercise significantly, but also there was no significant difference among the responses to different resistance exercise protocols (P>0.05). In addition, there was no significant relationship between changes in visfatin and other parameters (P>0.05).
Conclusion: It could be concluded that performing strength-endurance and hypertrophy protocols that cause reductions in visfatin, possibly due to changes in growth hormone during these protocols, could be beneficial in reducing the hyperinsulinemia.
Amirabbas Monazzami, Hamid Rajabi, Kobra Omidfar, Ali Mostafaie,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on muscle NHE1 and NBC1 gene expressions in type 2 diabetic rats.
Methods: Male wistar rats (n=40), 4weeks old and 93.7±9.8g, were randomly selected and divided into control, diabetic control and diabetic training groups. The Endurance training was performed for 7 weeks on diabetic training groups (running on treadmill forrodent). NHE1 and NBC1 gene expression were determined by Realtime-PCR technique. The differences between groups in variables were determined by an independent t-test using REST Software.
Results: NHE1 mRNA expression reduced significantly in EDL and Soleus by 25% and 19% in the diabetic control group compared with the control group, respectively (P<0/05).NHE1 mRNA expression also reduced significantly in EDL and Soleus by 35% and 29% in the diabetic control group compared with the control group, respectively (P<0/05).Endurance training increased NHE1 and NBC1 geneexpressions in both EDL and Soleus in the diabetic training group.
Conclusion: The present study showed that NHE1 and NBC1 mRNA expressions decreased significantly in the diabetic control group and endurance training increased NHE1 and NBC1 mRNA expressions in the diabetic trained group leading to normalizing the mRNAs in diabetic trained group.
Mehrnoosh Mahrou, Abbas Ali Gaeini, Sirous Chobbineh, Mohsen Javidi,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: Exercise is very important factor in control of diseases. It also has been suggested that angiogenesis inhibitor factor is controlled and angiogenesis simulative factor is intensified on those who are suffering diabetic and doing physical activity. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of Eight-week Resistance Training on unbalanced Angiogenesis in Diabetic male rats.
Methods: Twenty-four diabetic male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of control and training. Resistance training protocol includes one set of 10 times per day climbing the ladder suffering a weight connected to each rat tail [with respect to the maximum volume carrying each rat] for 3days a week and for 8 weeks. After 48 hour of the last training session, blood samples were taken from rat's hearts and VEGF, NO, glucose and insulin were determined regarding to serum sample taken. Analytical statistics examined with the use of SPSS16 software and considering α< 0.05.
Results: this study of Eight-week Resistance Training resulted no significant increase on VEGF [P=0.776] and NO [p=0.946] in diabetic rats serum but there was a significant decrease in blood glucose [p=0.001] however, no significant difference was observed in insulin level between the groups [p=0.93].
Conclusion: Despite resistance training appears to improve glucose levels in diabetic rats it has no positive effect on the stimulation factors of angiogenesis.
Zeynab Nezamdoust , Marziyeh Saghebjoo, Afson Barzgar,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (1-2015)
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to determine the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin and glucose homeostasis variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 women with type П diabetes (mean±SD: age 43.30 ±3.02 yr, body mass index 27.089±3.23 kg/m2 and body fat 29.46 ±2.71%) were randomized into experimental (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. Experimental group performed twelve weeks aerobic training (3 times per week at an intensity of 75-85 % of maximum heart rate reserve). Blood samples were collected 24h before and 48h after the training. Data was analyzed by paired and independent samples t-test (P <0.05). Results: Results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar and insulin resistance index (P value 0.001, 0.01 and 0.007 respectively) ) in experimental group and body weight, body mass index, percent body fat and waist to hip ratio significantly decreased in experimental group (P value 0.002, 0.01, 0.04 and 0.03 respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that aerobic training along with decrease in body weight and percent body fat leads to significant decrease in serum levels of vaspin, fasting glucose and insulin resistance index, so can be considered as a complementary therapy method in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Azam Karami Paskohani, Masoud Rahmati , Abdolreza Kazemi ,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background: Diabetic neuropathy leads to skeletal muscle atrophy however atrophy signaling mechanisms are not well documented. The aim of the present study was to investigate Sunday Driver (Syd) gene expression in soleus muscle of Wistar male rats with diabetic neuropathy. Methods: Twelve male Wistar rats were randomly assigned in 3 groups: diabetic trained, diabetic untrained and healthy control. Two weeks after STZ injection (45 mg/Kg), diabetic neuropathy was demonstrated with mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests and after which moderate endurance training protocol was performed for 6 weeks. 48 hours after final training session, the rats were dissected and soleus muscle tissues were removed. Also Sydgene expression was measured with Real time- PCR methods. Results: Soleus muscle weight was decreased in diabetic groups (P=0.001), but compared with diabetic untrained group, was higher in diabetic trained group (P=0.001). Sydgene expression in diabetic untrained group was higher than healthy control group (P=0.001). Also, compared with diabetic untrained group, training significantly decreased Sydgene expression and blood glucose levels in diabetic trained group. (P=0.001 and P=0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: In soleus muscle of diabetic rats, Sydm RNAup-regulation is involved in development of muscle atrophy and training as a non-pharmacotherapy strategy can modulate and get it close to normal levels. So, it is suggested that Syd should be noted as a novel treatment in diabetes disease.
Asiyeh Taji Tabas, Mehdi Mogharnasi,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background: Nesfatin-1 is an adipokine that released by adipose tissue and participated in the regulation of insulin activity and glucose metabolism. The aim of this research is the investigation the effect of 10 week resistance exercise training on serum levels of nesfatin-1 and insulin resistance index in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Eighteen women with type 2 diabetes recruited this study by using of the Purposive Sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental (n= 10) and control (n= 8) groups. The experimental group participated in resistance exercise training (the exercises training started with 30-50% intensity of one maximum repetition in the first training session and increased to 70-80% intensity of one maximum repetition in the final session) in three times per week for 10 weeks. Also, the control group not participated in exercise program. Blood samples were taken pre-and post-exercise test in the 12 h fasting conditions for evaluation of nesfatin-1, insulin and glucose levels. The resulting data was analyzed by SPSS 21 and used of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, t-independent and dependent t-tests at a significance level of &alpha<0.05. Results: Intra-group changes in the experimental group showed that a significant increase in nesfatin-1 levels and a significant reduction in blood glucose and insulin resistance levels after 10 weeks resistance training (P<0.05). However, there was no significant change in insulin levels (P>0.05). In the comparison between groups, the changes of nesfatin-1 and glucose levels were significantly in pre- and post-exercise test in the experimental group compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this research, resistance exercise training could be recommended as adjunctive therapy method for women with type 2 diabetes.
Fatah Moradi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background: Resistin levels and insulin resistance increase in obese humans. Also, inactive life is associated with high risk of increased insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of twelve weeks aerobic training on serum levels of resistin, and adiponectin-resistin (AR), homeostasis model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD), and IRAR indices in sedentary obese men. Methods: In a semi-experimental study, twenty one sedentary obese men were randomly placed into two groups: aerobic training (n=10, 27.8±3.2 yr, 93.5±7.1 kg, 31.7±3.4 %, BMI 32.0±3.5 kg/m2) and control (n=11, 27.1±3.1 yr, 94.7±6.0 kg, 31.2±3.1 %, 32.2±3.3 kg/m2). General characteristics of subjects, serum levels of resistin, and HOMA-AD, AR, and IRAR indices were assessed before and after training. Aerobic training consisted of twelve weeks pedaling on cycle ergometer (3 sessions per week, intensity 60-70% of reserved heart rate, duration of each session 20-40 min). Data analyzed by SPSS16 software. Statistical significance was considered at P<0.05. Results: After the training period, serum levels of resistin (P=0.016), HOMA-AD (P=0.007), AR (P=0.020) and IRAR (P=0.003) were reduced, while none of mentioned parameters in control group did not change significantly (P>0.05). Conclusion: Circulating levels of resistin and HOMA-AD, AR, and IRAR, that are novel indices for insulin resistance, were reduced after twelve weeks aerobic training. Therefore, sedentary obese men can reduce risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases with performing aerobic training.
Roya Askari, Mohammad Reza Hamedinia,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background: Apelin increases insulin insensitivity but its correlation with exercise training has less been taken in to consideration. The aim of this paper was to evaluation the effect of combined (resistance, endurance) and endurance training on plasma Apelin and in insulin sensitivity.
Methods: Forty -five volunteered students of eligible (BMI: 25-30,Health and inactive) were randomly divided into three groups, combined, endurance and control.The trainedgroups were trained forfour days per week, during 12 weeks. In combined group, endurance interval training was performed fromfivereplication with three minutebeginningand in final weeks reached to thirteen replications of 3 minutes with resting time of 1 to 2minutes. Intensity was 60-80% HRmax and resistance training planning: 2days per week,7 stations(Boat,leg press,buttreflys, Knee extension and flexion, forearm flexion and extension) 8-12 replication, resting time between the intervals and sets consequently: 30-60 ,60-90 second . The endurance group was trained with the same endurance section of combined group. Pre and post weeks, plasma Apelin,glucose and lipid profiles were measured in groups. Data were analyzed by One Way - Anova,significant level was P&le0/05, using SPSS, ver 18.
Results: Plasma Apelin decreased significantly compared with the control group (P=0/0001).In training groups, HDL-c had in the training group increased compared with the control group (P= o/o43). Insulin Insensitivity wasn't different among groups (P&ge0/05).
Conclusion: This paper showed that 12 weeks of combined or Endurance training had significantly decreased plasma Apelin and both training groups had an increase in their HDL-c but all of the exchanges were free of insulin sensitivity.
Alireza Safarzade, Fakhri Baradaran-Jam, Elahe Talebi-Garakani, Rozita Fathi,
Volume 14, Issue 5 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background: kallikrein 7 (KLK7), a serine protease with a chymotrypsin-like specificity, is able to cleave human insulin in the A- and B-chain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training on plasma KLK7 concentration and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in normal and overweight sedentary women.
Methods: Twenty-eight sedentary women, aged 24-60 years, voluntary participated in this study and according to body mass index status divided into normal (n=15) and overweight (n=13) groups. All subjects completed an 8-week progressive aerobic exercise training program (running with 40- 80% Heart rate reserve). Metabolic and Anthropometric (body weight, BMI, body fat percentage) parameters in addition to plasma KLK7 concentrations were measured at baseline and end of training program.
Results: Body fat percentage significantly decreased (P<0.05) and maximum oxygen consumption increased (P<0.05) by this training program in both training groups. At baseline, plasma KLK7 concentration in overweight women was significantly higher compared with normal weight group (P<0.05). Plasma KLK7 concentrations significantly increased after 8-week aerobic exercise training only in normal weight group (P<0.05). Changes in plasma KLK7 concentrations were not correlated with changes in insulin concentration and insulin resistance index (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic exercise training could be an effective factor to increase plasma KLK7 concentration in sedentary women. These data do not support a role of plasma KLK7 in insulin resistance alterations.
Rozita Fathi, Sajjad Aslani Moghanjoughi, Elahe Talebi Garakani, Alireza Safarzadeh, Hassan Seyghal,
Volume 14, Issue 6 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background: Visfatin is an adipokine secreted from visceral adipose tissue and involved in glucose homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight-week resistance training on plasma visfatin levels and its relation to insulin resistance in insulin-resistant male rats.
Methods: In this experimental study twenty-four Wistar male rats (220±20 gr) were acclimatized with lab condition then were randomly divided into three groups: Control (C), Insulin-Resistant control (IRC) and Insulin-resistant Training (T) groups. Insulin-resistance status induced by %10 fructose solution during 5 weeks. Resistance training group subjected to a three-day per week resistance training program for 8 weeks. Plasma visfatin, insulin, glucose levels, and insulin resistance index were assessed 48 hours after experimental period. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and statistical significance was set at P<0/05
Results: The results showed that insulin resistance induction significantly increased plasma visfatin, glucose, insulin levels and insulin resistance index (P<0.05). On the other hand, resistance training significantly decreased plasma visfatin, glucose, and insulin levels (P<0.05) but visfatin was not altered significantly (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, visfatin increases in diabetes and insulin resistance and is correlated with insulin resistance. The change in plasma visfatin levels was not significant following resistance training and it was not correlated with insulin resistance index. Therefore, visfatin may not have a role in metabolic improvement induced by exercise training.
Faranak Sadeghipour, Reza Gharakhanlou, Mansoureh Movahedin, Masoud Rahmati,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta is a key regulator of many signaling pathways. It is reported that Inhibition of this kinase results neuronal survival. Accordingly in this study we investigated the effect of endurance training on the gene expression of GSK-3β in the sensory areas of the spinal cord of male Wistar rats with diabetic neuropathy.
Methods: we randomly assigned 16 male Wistar rats into four groups: healthy control, healthy trained, neuropathy control, neuropathy trained. Intraperitoneal injection of a STZ (streptozotocin) solution (45 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes. At two weeks after STZ injections, the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests demonstrated the presence of diabetic neuropathy. A moderate endurance training protocol was performed for a six- week period. At 24 hours after the final training session, the rats were sacrificed and the L4-L6 sensory neurons of the spinal cord tissue were removed. GSK-3β mRNA expression was performed using real time-PCR.
Results: Statistical analysis shows that neuropathy trained experiences a decrease in gene expression in comparison to neuropathy control (P=0.02). On the other there was significant difference between healthy control and neuropathy control (P=0.02). However, there was no significant difference between healthy control and neuropathy trained.
Conclusion: we claim that endurance training will effectively decrease the expression of GSK-3β in the sensory areas of spinal cord of male Wistar rats with diabetic neuropathy. Endurance training as a non- pharmacotherapy strategy can modulate and return GSK-3β to approximate normal levels.
Rezvane Galdavi, Mehdi Mogharnasi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background: Omentin-1 is recognized as new Adipokine that mostly is excreted from visceral fatty tissue. Circulating levels of Omentin-1 are inversely associated with obesity. The aim of the present study on two training methods of endurance and resistance on Omentin-1 levels of plasma and factors related to obesity and overweight in obese girls, respectively.
Methods: Thirty four obese and overweight girls (BMI>25) were chosen purposefully then they were categorized at random to three endurance group (n=12), resistance group (n=12) and control (n=10). A total of 8 weeks of endurance and resistance training and endurance training was 4 times a week with 65 to 80 percent of HRmax and intensity resistance training was 65-80% of 1RM. Phlebotomizing was done at various stages with similar conditions and plasma Omentin-1 levels by ELISA method was measured. Data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and related t tests for studying the changes within the ANOVA and LSD post Hoc test for comparison between groups at the significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The results showed a significant increase Omentin-1 in both the experimental group (p endurance =0.001, p resistance =0.004) and reduce factors associated with obesity such as weight (p endurance =0.003, p resistance =0.005), fat mass body (p endurance =0.001, p resistance =0.001), BMI (p endurance =0.002, p resistance =0.004) and WHR (p endurance =0.011, p resistance =0.013) in both experimental groups after 8 weeks of training (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It can be stated that both endurance and resistance practices after 8 weeks of training, to improve factors related to obesity, maximal oxygen uptake and increased plasma levels Omentin-1 was.
