Volume 16, Issue 3 (12-2023)
ijhe 2023, 16(3): 515-534 |
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Smian Q J, Sobhanardakani S, Chamani A. Concentration and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in office building dust of Isfahan metropolitan, Iran. ijhe 2023; 16 (3) :515-534
URL: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-6780-en.html
URL: http://ijhe.tums.ac.ir/article-1-6780-en.html
1- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran ,s_sobhan@iauh.ac.ir
3- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Waste and Wastewater Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran ,
3- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Waste and Wastewater Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract: (492 Views)
Background and Objective: Nowadays, individuals spend a lot of time indoors; thus they are exposed to hazardous compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with teratogen, mutagen, and carcinogen potential. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect, and determine the content and source apportionment of PAHs in office building dust samples of Isfahan metropolis in 2023.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 84 indoor dust samples were collected from 28 sampling sites. After extraction of analytes, the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was used to determine PAHs content in the samples. Molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs) were used to determine the origin of PAH compounds. Furthermore, all statistical analyses were performed by SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that 16 priority PAHs were detected in the office building dust samples with the minimum, maximum, and mean values (µg/kg) of 4575, 16589, and 9838. Moreover, based on the results obtained, the mean contents of NAPH, FLU, PHE, FULA, PYR, BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, BaP, DahA, BghiP, and IcdP species were higher than the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) established by Iran DOE. The results of the MDRs method indicated that although PAHs originated from both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources, the pyrogenic sources had the main role in the pollution of office building dusts with PAHs.
Conclusion: Due to risks arising from exposure to PAHs, detection, determination of contents, source identification, and especially health risk assessment of PAHs in indoor dust of other closed places such as commercial, educational, and recreational buildings as well as households is recommended.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 84 indoor dust samples were collected from 28 sampling sites. After extraction of analytes, the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was used to determine PAHs content in the samples. Molecular diagnostic ratios (MDRs) were used to determine the origin of PAH compounds. Furthermore, all statistical analyses were performed by SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that 16 priority PAHs were detected in the office building dust samples with the minimum, maximum, and mean values (µg/kg) of 4575, 16589, and 9838. Moreover, based on the results obtained, the mean contents of NAPH, FLU, PHE, FULA, PYR, BaA, CHR, BbF, BkF, BaP, DahA, BghiP, and IcdP species were higher than the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) established by Iran DOE. The results of the MDRs method indicated that although PAHs originated from both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources, the pyrogenic sources had the main role in the pollution of office building dusts with PAHs.
Conclusion: Due to risks arising from exposure to PAHs, detection, determination of contents, source identification, and especially health risk assessment of PAHs in indoor dust of other closed places such as commercial, educational, and recreational buildings as well as households is recommended.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2023/04/18 | Accepted: 2023/07/26 | Published: 2023/12/6
Received: 2023/04/18 | Accepted: 2023/07/26 | Published: 2023/12/6
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