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Distribution Survey of Electric and Magnetic Field intensity  at a High Voltage Electricity Post in Zanjan City  using GIS Technology
Faramarz Majidi, Somaieh Alavi, Reza Azimi Pirsaraei, Abdollah Heidary, Farhad Asgari,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (21 2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Background and Objectives: Electric and magnetic fields in the workplace are one of the detrimental factors of power plants, transmission lines, electrical wires, and electrical equipments, therefore, exposure to these fields might be harmful for human health. This study aimed to provide information about intensity of the electromagnetic fields at the high voltage electricity posts and its comparison with the threshold limit value (TLV). 
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at one of the high voltage electricity post in Zanjan City having 63, 230, and 400 KV power transmission lines. After identifying  stations and measuring the intensity of these fields, GIS maps were prepared and the values were compared with permissible values.
Results: The measured magnetic flux density at different parts of the high voltage post showed that the lowest and  highest intensity were 1.69 and 153.7 mG respectively which were lower than the ACGIH TLVs.The lowest and  highest intensity of the electric field  were 0.008 and 38.07 KV/m respectively. The highest value belonged to the 400 KV line, which exceeds the recommended ACGIH TLV (25 KV/m).
Conclusion: According to the results, the magnetic field intensity was below the TLVs, but the intensity of electric field measured in the 400 KV line was greater  than its TLVs. Thus, the strategies and recommendations for reducing exposure should be taken.

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Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Componds in the Surface Sediments of Anzali Wetland in 2010
Rokhsareh Azimi Yancheshmeh, Ali Reza Riyahi Bakhtiari, Samar Mortazavi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract

Background & Objectives: In recent years, enterance of oil contaminants especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to Anzali Wetland, has seriously threatened organisms life. Therefore, the current study was conducted to determine and compare concentration of PAH compounds with multiple sediment quality assessment indice to evaluate the ecological toxicity of surface sediments of Anzali Wetland and present appropriate management strategy. Materials & Methods: We randomly collected 22 surface sediment samples each sample was dried and extracted based on the soxhlet method. Then during two-step of column chromatography the PAH compounds were separated and analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). Results: Total concentrations of these compounds ranged from 212 to 2674 ng g-1 d.w. with the mean of 907 ng g-1 d.w. The highest concentrations of PAHs was reported from stations (3-1 and 4-1) located in the vicinity of urban areas with shipping activities. In comparison with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) used in this study, the concentrations of most PAH compounds in the majority of stations situated in low range values of adverse biological effects. Only in a few stations (3-1, 3-2 and 5-3), the concentrations of some of PAH compounds exceeded the low range of adverse biological effects. Conclusion: In comparison with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) used in this study, the concentrations of most PAH compounds in Anzali Wetland rarely lead to adverse biological effects. However, concentrations of some of these compounds can cause acute toxic effects. Therefore, further studies including toxicity and bioaccumulation tests and survey of benthic community composition, especially in areas exceeded SQGs are essential for proper management.


Response of Metallothionein biomarker in oyster Crassostrea sp. to the mercury and cadmium gradient
A. Azimi, A. Safahieh, A. Dadollahi Sohrab, H. Zolgharnein, A. Savari, B. Saffar,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (5-2014)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Present study aimed to investigate response of metallothionein (MT) in oyster Crassostrea sp. to the experimental concentrations of Hg and Cd in order to assess the possibility of MT usage as a biomarker of Hg and Cd contamination in this mollusk. Materials and Methods: Oysters were collected from docks of Imam Khomeini Port. After seven days acclimation period in laboratory, they were exposed with Hg at concentrations of 15 and 75 µg.L-1 and Cd at concentrations of 15 and 150 µg.L-1 for 14 days. MT levels were measured through spectrophotometric method after extraction and precipitation. After preparation and acid digestion, the concentration of heavy metals was quantified by atomic absorption. Results: The amounts of MT in oysters exposed with Hg and Cd were significantly increased compared with control samples (P<0.05). The highest value of MT biosynthesis in oysters exposed with concentrations of Hg and Cd were 137.2±7.6 and 312.4±17.9 µg.g-1 w.w respectively. Exposing the oysters with Cd induced biosynthesis of MT more than three times compared with control samples. Among Hg and Cd, there was only significant correlation between biosynthesis of MT and Cd bioaccumulation in oysters (P<0.01). Conclusion: MT protein in oyster Crassostrea sp. can be considered as a suitable biomarker of Cd contamination in body and environment. Hence, it could be used for assessing and monitoring ecosystems.


Heavy metal pollution in soils nearby Kerman steel industry: metal richness and degree of contamination assessment
N Sistani, M Moeinaddini, N Khorasani, Ah Hamidian, Ms Ali-Taleshi, R Azimi Yancheshmeh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (6-2017)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Urban and industrial development has increased concentration of heavy metals in the environment. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of Kerman steel complex on their surrounding soil by heavy metals.

Materials and Methods: This study was a snapshot and its type was descriptive-analytical research. Heavy metals contents from 60 soil samples (top soil, 0-15 cm) near two Steel Complexes were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Source identification and pollution degree indices including enrichment factor (EF) and its percentage (EF%), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), degree of contamination (Cd) and modified degree of contamination (mCd) were calculated to assess the soil pollution level. 

Results: The average concentration of Ni, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cr and Cd were 9.98, 54.38, 15063.33, 20.86, 3.54 and 0.038 mg/kg, respectively. The order of average EF for heavy metals was Pb > Zn> Cd> Fe> Ni> Cr. Cf index also showed that 90% of the samples were moderately to significantly polluted with lead element. The results of EF% indicated that Fe (68.18%) had higher enrichment than others. The average values of Cd and mCd indices were 2.90 and 0.48, respectively, that showed low degree of pollution.

Conclusion: In this study, Pb and Cd concentration were related with activities of the steel complexes and other metals had a combination of natural and anthropogenic emission sources. The steel complexes should plan to reduce pollutants emission to their environment.


Evaluation of solar ultraviolet radiation in Zanjan city using the ultraviolet index
Maryam Abdi, Seyed Reza Azimi Pirsaraei, Mohammad Reza Mohammadizadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Monitoring the amount of ultraviolet radiation from sunlight can provide a basis for assessing people's exposure, raise public awareness and warn people against this radiation. Measuring the sun's ultraviolet index over a working period is an accurate choice to achieve this goal.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the amount of solar UV index in one of the outdoor locations of Zanjan city was measured using Solarmeter model 5.6 UV index meter for one year period. Measurements were performed from 9 am to 5 pm every 30 minutes in direct sunlight in even days for one year period (2018-2019). Finally, the results were analyzed using Excel software.
Results: The highest value of the maximum daily UV index was related to July, with an average value of 11.87 ± 0.649; while, the lowest value of the maximum daily UV index obtained in January, with an average value of 2.23 ± 0.944. In most months of the year, except for late November, December, January and cloudy days, the average value of the maximum daily UV index around noon exceeds the UV index alert threshold set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Even for the safe time period during spring and summer, the average UV index can exceed the UV index warning threshold.
Conclusion: Determining the intensity of the sun's hourly UV radiation is important and necessary to increase the peoples’ and workers’ awareness working in the open environment, as well as to plan for protective measures in any place, especially in Zanjan.

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