Nahid Raeisi, Samaneh Mehraban Nawaz, Ahmad Reza Yari, Mohammad Jahandideh, Fariba Naghavi, Reza Zeraatkar, Hadi Niknejad, Mohsen Hesami Arani,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2026)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Swimming pools are considered as a potential source of microbial and chemical contamination due to direct and continuous contact with different groups of people. The present study was conducted to investigate the water health indicators of swimming pools in Kashan and Aran-Bidgol and compare them with the existing standards in the country in the years 2017-2021.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study with a longitudinal design, 830 samples were taken from all indoor and active pools in 2017-2021. Physicochemical parameters, and microbial parameters were measured. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software 16.
Results: The concentration of free residual chlorine, combined chlorine, pH, turbidity, and corrosivity were in the desired range in 53 percent, 48 percent, 67 percent, 81 percent, and 67 percent of the water samples, respectively. None of the samples were contaminated with Pseudomonas. A significant and inverse relationship was observed between the bacterial population and free residual chlorine, and a significant and direct relationship was observed between the bacterial population and turbidity (p<0.005).
Conclusion: Due to the low compliance of the water chlorine level with the standard and the observation of coliform bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and heterotrophs, it is necessary to continuously monitor the physicochemical and microbial parameters of the water, as well as to carry out proper health surveillance and disinfection.
Mahdi Asadi-Ghalhari, Monireh Mirzaie, Fatemeh Momeniha, Mehdi Pezeshgi Modarres, Mohsen Hesami Arani,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2026)
Abstract
Background and Objective: In the present era, the use of plastic appliances and requirements as the avoidable part of human life has caused the microplastics as modern pollutants to various human organs. Accordingly, this policy brief has been conducted with the aim of identifying the effective environmental health strategies for reducing the exposure to microplastics in pregnant mothers by group discussion method.
Materials and Methods: the experts in this study were 8 faculty members of the university faculty of environmental health, women, and fertility; first they reviewed scientific documents related to the study in valid databases, and analyzed the effective strategies for strategic management.
Results: the existing scientific evidence suggests that increasing the level of knowledge and attitude of pregnant mothers to reduce exposure to microplastics can lead to significant reduction in plastic waste generation and most studies focus on changing individual behavior, psychological interventions and macropolicy, although these interventions are confronted with several challenges. Accordingly, the policy implications of the document include 12 types of strategy in both administrative and educational sectors, along with 26 relevant recommendations for the purpose.
Conclusion: according to the results of the study, combination of educational and executive strategies can be effective in reducing the exposure of pregnant mothers.
