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Air pollution tolerance index and heavy metals (Pb and Cd) bioaccumulation in selected plant species (trees, shrubs and herbs) in high-traffic areas of Yazd city
Behnam Nazari Alamdarloo, Asghar Mosleh Arany, Saeed Shojaee Barjoee, Hamidreza Azimzadeh, Bahman Kiani,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (8-2020)
Abstract 
Background and Objective: Urban traffic, while affecting human health, causes physiological and biochemical changes in plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the bioaccumulation potential of Pb and Cd and assess air pollution tolerance index for a number of plants grown high traffic areas of Yazd.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was performed in both control and high traffic areas of Yazd city by random sampling of trees, shrub and herb species. After transferring the samples to laboratory, relative water content, pH of leaf extract, total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid content (the factors for calculating APTI) in plants were measured using standard methods. Furtheremore, Pb and Cd concentrations were measured to find their relation with APTI index in plants. All statistical analysis, including Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson correlation coefficient between the studied parameters, were performed in SPSS software version 22.
Results: The highest relative water content (84.73%) and ascorbic acid (5.98 mg/g) were measured in contaminated area for Canna indica and Rosa damascena, respectively. Also, the highest acidity (7.01) and total chlorophyll (1.48 mg/g) in the control area were measured for Verbena hybrida and Ligustrum vulgar, respectively. The highest air pollution tolerance values were recorded in Rosa damascena and Ligustrum vulgar. Moreover, the results obtained showed that APTI index was positively and significantly correlated to Pb, ascorbic acid and relative water content. 
Conclusion: According to the classification of air pollution tolerance index, two species of Rosa damascena and Ligustrum vulgar exhibited moderately tolerant to traffic pollutant. Therefore, based on ecological requirements of these two species, they can be used to develop green spaces in high-traffic areas of Yazd.  This study showed that Pb increased physiological response of the studied plants, while the plants did not exhibit a significant physiological response to the Cd element. The results also showed that the relative water content and ascorbic acid were more important in the air pollution tolerance index than other factors.

Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution using magnetite graphene oxide modified with β-cyclodextrin as a novel adsorbent: equilibrium and kinetic studies
Mohammad Ghafoori, Mehrdad Cheraghi, Maryam Kiani Sadr, Bahareh Lorestani, Soheil Sobhanardakani,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Antibiotics are emerging pollutants that enter the human environment through pharmaceutical, hospital, and urban wastewater. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate of removal efficacy of tetracycline (TC) from aqueous solutions using GO@Fe3O4@β-CD.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, GO@Fe3O4@β-CD was synthesized and then used as an adsorbent for the removal of TC from aqueous solution. GO@Fe3O4@β-CD was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) methods. Also, the influence of variables including pH (3-9), amount of adsorbent (0.003-0.050 g), contact time (0-100 min), and temperature (25-55 °C) so assessed on the efficacy of TC removal. 
Results: The results of TGA analysis showed that GO@Fe3O4@β-CD nanoparticles were resistant to temperatures up to 400 °C. Also, the results indicated that β-cyclodextrin was uniformly dispersed on the surface of GO@Fe3O4.
The results indicated that removal efficiency increased up to 60 min contact time, 0.01 g of adsorbent, and decrease temperature to 25 °C. The optimum pH for TC removal was 7.0. Also, under these conditions, the adsorption process followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a correlation coefficient of 0.992 and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a correlation coefficient of 0.997, 0.999, and 0.998. The maximum adsorption capacity of the prepared adsorbent was 357 mg/g.
Conclusion: The GO@Fe3O4@β-CD could be an effective and efficient adsorbent for the removal of TC from industrial wastewater.
 

Evaluation of the capability of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus eldarica for bioremediation of heavy metals (Pb, Cr and Ni) in urban areas of Hamedan, west of Iran
Alireza Zand Abbas Abadi, Mehrdad Cheraghi, Soheil Sobhanardakani, Bahareh Lorestani, Maryam Kiani Sadr,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Monitoring of pollutants in urban ecosystems is of particular importance. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the capability of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus elderica for biomonitoring of Pb, Cr and Ni in urban areas of Hamedan in 2023.
Materials and Methods: A total of 36 soils and 72 plant samples were collected from 12 sites. The contents of elements were determined using ICP-OES. Also, the values of PI, PLI, BAF, and CR indices were computed. 
Results: The highest values of Pb, Cr, and Ni (mg/kg) in soil samples with 72.2, 67.5 and 101 values belonged to the commercial, industrial, and commercial sites, respectively. The highest average content of analyzed elements in unwashed and washed leaves/needles for Pb both belonged to the commercial areas; for Cr and Ni, all belonged to the industrial areas. The average values of PI followed the descending order of Cr > Ni > Pb. The average values of PLI varied from 1.22 to 1.34. Moreover, BAF values of Pb, Cr, and Ni of R. pseudoacacia leaves and P. elderica needles were found to be in the range of 0.100-1.00. Also, the highest mean values of CR of Pb and Cr were both found in P. elderica; and the highest mean value of CR of Ni was found in R. pseudoacacia.
Conclusion: R. pseudoacacia and P. elderica could be used as suitable and efficient species for monitoring and remediation of toxic elements from soil and air in polluted ecosystems.
 

Assessing pollution and associated health risks of street dust contaminated with potentially toxic elements, the case of city of Kermanshah
Ali Asgari, Soheil Sobhanardakani, Mehrdad Cheraghi, Bahareh Lorestani, Maryam Kiani Sadr,
Volume 18, Issue 4 (3-2026)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Street dust, as a significant non-point source of PTEs contamination, is one of the primary pathways through which human can be exposed to environmental pollutants. Therefore, this study was performed to assess the pollution and health risk of As, Cd, Co, Pb, and V in street dust in Kermanshah in 2023.
Materials and Methods: A total of 48 dust samples were collected from 16 sites. After sample digestion, the contents of the elements were determined using ICP-OES. Additionally, the enrichment factor (EF), integrated pollution index (IPI), and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) were calculated. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to contaminated dust were estimated.
Results: The highest mean contents of As, Cd, and Co, and V with 7.28, 0.729, 9.02, and 8.78 mg/kg, respectively, were belonged to the industrial regions and for Pb with 101 mg/kg was recorded for the commercial areas, reflecting the impact of human inputs, especially from industrial and traffic sources. The EF values indicated that "no" to "severe" enrichment level in the study area. Also, the average values of IPI, indicating the "low" to "high" pollution conditions entire the sampling sites. The mean NIPI values ​​ranged from 1.17 to 1.68, indicating "low" pollution conditions in the study area. The mean average values of HI for children and adults were categorized as "severe risk" and "low risk", respectively. However, the mean TCR values for citizens indicated high carcinogenic risk.
Conclusion: The results indicated that As and Pb had the highest contribution to cumulative health risks for both age groups; therefore, the control of emission sources of these elements, including fossil fuel combustion and traffic and also regular monitoring of street dusts especially in the regions with heavy pollution level are recommended.
 

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