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Comparison of the Environmental Impacts of Different Municipal Solid Waste Treatments using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) (Case Study: Tehran)
S Nasrollahi-Sarvaghaji, R Alimardani, M Sharifi, Mr Taghizadeh Yazdi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: The continuous increase in solid waste generation worldwide due to population growth and industrialization, calls for management strategies that integrate concerns for environmental sustainability. By quantifying environmental impacts of systems, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool which can contribute to answering that call. The aim of this study was to evaluate environmental pollutants resulting from various treatment options including anaerobic digestion, incineration, and landfill of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated daily in Tehran.

Materials and Methods: First, the physical properties of the waste and consumption of inputs in the study area were determined from September to October, 2014- 2015. Then the different steps of LCA in relation to each of the subsystems were followed (with SimaPro software). Finally, the results based on the CML Baseline 2000 were presented and analyzed.

Results: It was found that when the higher rate of separation and processing in any subsystems increases, the emission of environmental pollutants decreases, so that the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, and abiotic depletion as the most important impact categories in the subsystems of anaerobic digestion were obtained as -125935 kg CO2/day, -449 kg SO2/day, -1690 kg PO43-/day and -0.43 kg Sb/day, respectively and in incineration were obtained as -264872 kg CO2/day, -974 kg SO2/day, -3471 kg PO43-/day and -0.76 kg Sb/day, respectively, while in the landfill subsystem, they were estimated to be 74478 kg CO2/day, 362 kg SO2/day, 118 kg PO43-/day, and 0.13 kg Sb/day, respectively.

Conclusion: According to the constituent processes of each of the subsystems and the results of the evaluation of exhaust emissions subsystems, it can be concluded that in an integrated system of waste management, the energy-generating systems such as anaerobic digestion and incineration should be as the first priority and the traditional subsystems such as landfill should be as the last priority.


Ranking the hospitals in terms of hospital waste reduction criteria case study: educational hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS)
Sh Mardani, Kh Alimohammadzade, A Maher, Sm Hoseini, K Yaghmaeian,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (9-2019)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Medical waste is among the environmental problems. Failure to manage these wastes leads to the prevalence of various diseases. This study aimed to rank the educational hospitals of SBUMS by assessing medical waste reduction.
Materials and Methods: First, a review of past national and international studies was performed and accordingly, 12 criteria and 30 sub-criteria for reduction of medical waste production were selected. After developing a questionnaire based on such criteria, data was collected from six SBUMS hospitals. Then, TOPSIS and VIKOR techniques in MATLAB were used as ranking methods of hospitals.
Results: The combined results of TOPSIS and VIKOR methods using weighted average indicated that Hospital (C), Hospitals (B) and (A) were respectively ranked first, second and third in terms of waste management. Moreover, the effective measures to reduce the amount of waste production and to improve the waste management system include human resource, management support, proper management of supplies, proper model of service delivery, quality of supplies and equipment, and waste sorting at source.
Conclusion: A combined method consisting of TOPSIS and VIKOR for evaluation of ranking of hospitals in terms of waste management can be a helpful tool in planning waste management, and can provide a basis for improving measures and promoting programs and activities.
 

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