Showing 9 results for Mosaferi
M Mosaferi, H Taghipour, Am Hassani, M Borghei, Z Kamali, A Ghadirzadeh,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (26 2008)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Conducted studies about arsenic have shown that consumption of water contaminated with arsenic can causes different adverse health effects in consumers. World Health Organization (WHO) has enacted 10µg/L arsenic in drinking water as a guideline value. Regarding some reports about arsenic presence in a village of Hashtrood county and related health effects and also considering this fact that determination of arsenic as a poisoning chemical is not included in routine monitoring of water by responsible organizations, in present study all of drinking water sources in Hashtrood county in East Azerbaijan province were studied for arsenic presence.
Materials and Methods: Water supply and its sanitation situation were studied in all of cities and residential villages (200 villages) by field visiting. Arsenic content of water samples were determined using Ez arsenic test kit, a product of Hach Company. For assurance of the kit results, 20 water samples with different concentration of arsenic were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) method and then achieved results was compared together.
Results: Arsenic was present in drinking water of 50 villages that in 9 villages its level was higher than Iranian standard (50µg/L). During the study totally 11087 persons (21.96% of rural areas population) in Hashtrood county were exposed to different levels of arsenic via drinking water. Correlation between kit and ICP results was significant (R2 = 0.9715)
Conclusion: Studied region in present study is a polluted area to arsenic by geogenic sources. It is necessary to replace water source of villages with higher level than national standard with safe drinking water. Annually measurement of arsenic in drinking water of all villages spatially polluted villages should be considered by responsible organization e.g. Health Network and Rural Water and Wastewater Company. Used kit in our study is recommendable for this purpose.
M Mosaferi, H Taghipour, A Ostadrahimi, Sh Nazmara,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (10 2009)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In the production of some high-consumed food products like cake, biscuit, chocolate and spaghetti water is used in the preparing of primary material and in the kneading processes. At the present study microbiological and chemical quality of consumed water in food industries of East Azerbaijan Province were studied.
Materials and Methods: Eleven factories with different products were selected. Water samples were collected and analyzed regarding the microbiological contamination and chemical parameters, and heavy metals. In addition, condition of water quality in selected industry was surveyed during the summer.
Results: According to the results, monitoring of water quality in the studied industries is not suitable. The chemical characteristics of consumed water in those industries had major differences. Ni, Cr, Zn, Fe and Mn were present in all analyzed water but in lower concentration than national Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). Pb was measured in higher concentration than MCL in spaghetti factory no. 2 and close to MCL in wiener and frankfurter and sugar industries. Cd was close to MCL in spaghetti factory no. 2 and wiener and frankfurter industries.
Conclusion: It was concluded that for the safety and health of food products the food industries should use the public water supply system as water source at least in food processing units or in the units of preparing of primary materials. Also for the preventing of chemical pollution of food products it is necessary, pay more attention to the subject of water quality control according to the special water standard of food industries, and using less volume of water in some food industry isn.t acceptable reason for neglecting of water quality monitoring and assessing. In addition it is required to analyze heavy metals in the final products of those industries.
M Ghanbari, K Nadafi, M Mosaferi, M Yunesian, H Aslani,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (1 2011)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Over the last three decades environmental pollutions became a more noticeable problem in all around of the world. In many countries, noise pollution as a basic problem has a great importance.Development of the city, increasing of industrial centers, increasing vehicles, other annoying noise resources and also little information about the noise pollution of Tabriz city, has led to the doing of this research.
Materials and Methods: Sampling and measuring of noise pressure levels was done 180 times According to the EPA standards, measuring was done simultaneously in two stations(commercial-residential areas), three times a day (morning 7:30 -9:30 am, midday 12:30-14:30 pm and night 19:00-21:00 pm) and 30 days in month.
Results: Sound pressure level in both stations was higher than the standards and the highest average level with 71.4 db was recorded in Raste-koche station at midday. Also lowest calculated average value with 68.5 db was measured in Golbad station at the morning time that is 8.5 db higher than the standards.
Conclusion: Average measured sound pressure level in two stations was higher than the standards. The results show that Tabriz has a noise pollution in commercial and residential - commercial areas. It is suggested that other noise pollution resources identified and the proper management actions for its reduction be done.
Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour Feizi, Mohammad Mosaferi, Saeed Dastgiri, Maasumeh Mehdipour, Ahmad Kusha,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (21 2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: Intake of high concentrations of fluoride in drinking
water can cause dental fluorosis. In this study, the prevalence of dental
fluorosis in rural communities of East
Azerbaijan Province
was studied.
Materials and Methods: 3 villages of Bashsizkooh, Bostanabad (fluoride concentration in drinking water
= 0.12 mg/L), Nagharehkub, Ahar (current
water resource = 0.6 mg/L, old water resource = 1.1-1.2 mg/L), and Gharehbolaq,
Jolfa (current water resource = 0.35 mg/L and old water resource = 2.4 mg/L old
source) were selected as low, medium, and high exposure to fluoride
respectively. All village residents above 6 years old were visited by
physician. Quality of water resources was determined by referring to the
records archived and through conducting new analysis.
Results: Dental
fluorosis was observed in 62.7 % of the people visited. In 31.5% of
participants, fluorosis Grade 1 in 22.4 % of participants, fluorosis grade 2
in 7.7 % of participants, fluorosis grade 3 and finally fluorosis grade 4 was
observed in 4 patients. Different levels of fluorosis were observed in
residents of the villages of Gharebolaq, Nagharehkub, and Bashsizkooh (83.3%,
70.5 %, and 32.5 % respectively). There was a significant difference in
prevalence of fluorosis between villages (P < 0.001). Fluorosis was observed
in both permanent and temporary teeth. Mean cumulative fluoride index (MCFI) in
people with and without fluorosis was 22660.2 and 4743.2 mg, respectively.
There was a correlation between this index and fluorosis (R =0.413).
Conclusion: In all
three villages studied, even Bashsizkooh, different grades of fluorosis were
endemic. It is recommended that the responsible authorities take a new measure and approach for the intake of fluoride from drinking
water.
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B Ghoreishi, M Shaker Khatibi, H Aslani, A Dolatkhah, A Abdoli Seilabi, M Mosaferi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Qualitative evaluation of sewage sludge before any kind of application is essential. The present study was aimed to investigate Total coliform, Fecal coliform and Salmonella in sewage sludge produced at wastewater treatment plants in Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: Nine wastewater treatment plants were chosen in East Azerbaijan Province, and their sludge from drying bed was studied. Total coliforms, thermo-tolerant coliforms, and Salmonella spp., were surveyed during winter time, 2015. Total and thermos-tolerant coliforms were enumerated by EPA method 1680 and salmonella was counted using EPA method 1682.
Results: In the case of total coliform, sludge sample from Jolfa with 1.82×106 MPN/g showed the highest contamination, while Sarab showed lowest fecal coliform count with 2.02×103 MPN/g. As in the case for fecal coliform, the bacteria count for thermo-tolerant coliforms was higher in Jolfa than other cities; on the other hand, Ahar with no fecal coliform count or less than 2.2 showed the minimum contamination rate to fecal coliforms. In case of Salmonella spp., sludge samples from Ahar and Bostan Abad did not show any salmonella. While sludge sample from Tabriz wastewater treatment plant was determined as the most contaminant sludge with bacteria count equal to 84 per g. Moreover, sludge sample from Sarab wastewater treatment plant showed the least contamination rate, and bacteria count was 6 per g.
Conclusion: From the stand point of microbial quality, all sludge samples met class B standards set by USEPA, while none of them could provide class A standards. Thus, special precautions must be taken in case of soil amendments by the sludge produced from wastewater treatment plants.
Bahareh Ghoreishi, Hassan Aslani, Mohammad Shaker Khatibi, Sepideh Nemati Mansur, Mohammad Mosaferi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Application of sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals may cause health and ecological concern. Ecological risk and heavy metals content of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants of East Azerbaijan province were evaluated in the present study.
Materials and Methods: Nine composite samples were taken and analyzed for heavy metals. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor(CF) , and potential ecological risk index were calculated.
Results: Variation of the heavy metals concentrations were in the following order: Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>As>Hg>Cd. The contents of some heavy metals were several order of magnitude higher than the crustal average (CA) values. Considering the Maximum Permissible Standards (MPS) and the Muller's index, the Cd, Cu, and Zn pollution were found to be in the moderate range, whereas As and Pb were in strongly polluted category; and Hg was in extremely polluted category. Considering MPS, the single-factor pollution index (PI) and the Nemerow’s synthetic pollution index (PN) were lower than 1 and 0.7 respectively. This indicated that the sludges were unpolluted with most heavy metals and could be safely applied for agricultural uses. However, a high potential ecological risk for As and Cd; very high risk for Pb; and extremely high risk for Hg were calculated when considering the CA values. There were significant differences between the levels of heavy metals and MPS (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Although the metal concentrations were below the MPS according to the US EPA regulations, sludge samples showed a high degree of potential ecological risk for the environment in comparision with the CA values,. Periodic monitoring of sludge quality are strongly recommended.
Najmeh Shahmahdi, Bahareh Ghoreishi, Hassan Aslani, Saeideh Ghaffarifar, Mohammad Shaker Khatibi, Mohammad Mosaferi, Abdolreza Shaghaghi,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: By accurately identifying environmental issues, individuals can acquire skills to better solve environmental problems. To this end, the most appropriate method is to assess the educational needs of individuals to pave the way for the promotion of environmental knowledge. The present study aims to assess the need for training courses to empower professionals to increase their knowledge of environmental issues and educate others to take an important step in improving environmental health in society.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a descriptive needs assessment study using Delphi technique. In the first stage, the designed questionnaire was given to 150 people (faculty members, experts and students) to express their opinions in the proposed areas. In the second stage, a supplementary questionnaire entitled General needs for faculty members, specialized needs for experts and general and specialized needs for students were provided to individuals and the importance of the issues from their point of view was examined. Finally, the most important issues were prioritized by experts. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-26 software.
Results: The total number of educational needs extracted from the first stage of Delphi was 120 items, of which 31 items related to general needs (11 teaching and evaluation areas, 10 research areas and 10 communication and personal development items) and 89 items related to specialized needs. (27 cases of air pollution, 23 cases of waste management, 17 cases of wastewater treatment and reuse of wastewater, 10 cases of water treatment and pollution and 12 cases of soil pollution and its removal methods). In the second and third rounds, the importance of these items was determined by the target groups by scoring, and at the end, the first five priorities of each item were identified.
Conclusion: The results of this study, considering the comprehensive review of three target groups and determining and prioritizing the needs for each group, can increase the level of environmental awareness and empowerment of experts, which ultimately enhance the efficiency of the system and is an important step for environmental educational planning.
Mohammad Mosaferi, Farhad Ghayurdoost, Reza Dehghanzadeh, Hassan Aslani, Sepideh Nemati Mansour, Neda Gilani,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The trend of developments in the health system and medical education and other related sciences, including environmental health, is a global challenge. In this research educational content of environmental health and its revision were studied from the point of view of students and graduates.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. In this research, through two checklists, the opinions of environmental health students and graduates regarding the necessity of revising the educational content of the field according to the requirements of the time and considering the future situation were investigated with the participation of 441 people. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-22 software.
Results: According to the results, 73.7 percent of participants believed that the educational content of environmental health in Iran has fundamental differences from developed countries. 81.7 percent believed that the educational content provided to environmental health students is not proportional to their duties. Meantime, 91.4 percent of the graduates of environmental health believe that the expected capabilities included in the educational curricula of different degrees of environmental health should be revised. 88.4 percent believed that it is necessary to revise the educational content of this field considering the "change in executive and practical functions of environmental health during the past years".
Conclusion: The overwhelming majority of graduates of the field emphasized the need to revise the educational content of the environmental health field, taking into account the requirements of the time. It is necessary to redefine the field of environmental health in the country according to the changing situation and the emergence of new indicators.
Mohammad Mosaferi, Jafar Yahyazadeh, Yusef Mohammadian, Farzaneh Moshtaghi,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The use of pesticides poses serious risks to the health of living organisms. Knowing the type and amount of pesticide use can provide a good information base for managing potential risks from pesticide consumption. This study was carried out with the main objective of determining the types and amounts of pesticides used on agricultural land in East Azarbaijan Province in 2021.
Materials and Methods: Information about the pesticides have been gathered and analyzed by referring to the Agricultural Jihad Organization and other relevant authorities. Calculations related to the amount of pesticides used per unit area were made using the total area of agricultural lands in the province.
Results: Considering the frequency, 403 kinds of pesticides are used in the following order: Herbicides > Insecticides > Fungicides > Acaricides > Others > Disinfectants. Consdidering total consumption of 2873730 kg pesticides, the order based on the amount is: Insecticides > Herbicide > Fungicides > Miscellaneous > Acaricides and Disinfectants based on the amount. The total ratio of pesticides used to pesticides distributed through the official (government) channel is 2.51. The minimum, maximum, and mean consumption values in counties are 0.4, 21.4, and 4.21 ± 5.33 kg/ha, respectively, and for province is 2.38 kg/ha. There is a correlation between the amount of pesticide applied and the number of farmers and traders.
Conclusion: The consumption of pesticides in the province is higher than the world average. Appropriate management of pesticides is required from the viewpoints of environment and health protection.
