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Investigation of Management Status on MedicalWastes in Public Hospitals of Arak City
M.h Dehghani, F Fazelinia, Gh.a Omrani, R Nabizadeh, K Azam,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (24 2011)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Not paying attention to management and control of medical wastes in different stages of production, keeping, gathering, transporting and finally eliminating them all have been creating various setbacks such that the environment and human's health are in danger with the relevant consequences. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in Vali-e Asr, Amir Kabir, Taleghani, Amir Al-Momenin and Imam Khomeini hospitals of Arak city in 2009. In this research the current condition of gathering, maintaining, transportation and final elimination of hospital wastes of Arak city was investigated .Eventually an appropriate model was introduced.
Material and Methods: Solid wastes were separated, weighed and registered in two sequential intervals. In order to get acquaintance with the management procedure of medical solid wastes in the hospitals studied, a questionnaire approved byW.H.O was used. The questions were then replied by the Managers and Hygiene Experts worked at hospitals and their responses were recorded.
Results: The investigations conducted in 5 hospitals reveal that the average per annual was2.9 Kg in 24 hours per active bed and 4.6 Kg for each patient. This volume consists of 60% for semi-home solid wastes, 39% for infectious solid wastes, 0.34% for sharp wastes, 0.28% for the pathologic and 0.38% for medicinal and chemical solid wastes.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, in order to reduce pollution create in the hospitals, action should be taken to deal with pollutants at their source of generation. The staff members involved in waste collection and transportation should practice all the personal protection measures.finaly it also should be considered that,success in medical waste management wouldn't be achievable unless all groups of medical staff involved cooperate and participle.


Efficiency evaluation mesopore sillica nanoporous materials in removal of cephalexin from aqueous solution by response surface methodology
H Kamani, Ah Panahi, Sd Ashrafi, F Kord Mostafapour, Ns Omrani Gargari,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Extreme use of antibiotics and discharging to the environment lead to serious consequences. Mesoporous silica such as MCM-41 material is widely used to absorb contaminants from the aqueous solution. The aim of this study was to evaluate mesoporous synthesis of MCM-41 and its efficacy for removal of the antibiotic cephalexin from aqueous solution.
Materials and Methods: Physical characteristics and absorbent structure synthesized by techniques BET, FTIR and XRD were analyzed. The effect of variables such as pH values (3, 7, 11), the dose of MCM-41 (200, 500, 800 mg/L), initial concentration of cephalexin (50, 75, 100 mg/L), contact time (30, 60, 90 min), and process temperature (20, 30, 40 0C) on absorption of cephalexin were studied. In order to achieve the optimal experimental conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) model was used.
Results: The results showed that pH (p=0.0001), adsorbent dose (p=0.0001), initial concentration of cephalexin (p=0.0001), contact time (p=0.01), pH2 (p=0.0002) and pH (p=0.04) and initial concentration had a significant impact on the response variable. The optimum removal condition based on analysis of variance and the model was at the reaction time 90 min, pH 3, initial concentration 50 mg/L and adsorption dose 600 mg/L. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency of 81.1% was achieved.
Conclusion: The results showed that adsorption process with the mesoporous MCM-41 had a high efficiency on the removal of cephalexin from the aqueous environments.
 

Utilisation possibilities of textile waste for the production of medium density fiberboard
Pantea Omrani,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Nowadays, in metropolitan areas, principled and hygienic waste management is very important. Recycling is one of the most appropriate options in waste management. Hereof, the present study was aimed to investigate the possibility of using textile waste fibers in the manufacture of Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF).
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on lab-scale. Fabric waste was prepared by separation method at source from a clothing manufacturer in Tehran and converted into fibers. Test boards were made with weight percentage of mixing textile waste fibers to industrial fibers at three levels of 0:100, 10:90 and 15:85, respectively, 10% urea-formaldehyde adhesive, with 16 mm thickness and 0.7 g/cm3 density by hot press. Then, properties of the boards were measured including bending strength, modulus of elasticity, internal bond, hardness, water absorption and thickness swelling. The results were analyzed with ANOVA test.
Results: The results of ANOVA showed that the effect of textile waste fibers on the bending strength, modulus of elasticity and swelling thickness of 2 and 24 hours of boards made at 5% probability level was significant. Additionally, the highest values of physical and mechanical properties are related to made boards with 10% of textile waste fibers.
Conclusion: The results showed that it is possible to make MDF with textile waste fibers. The use of wastes such as fabrics in the production of new functional products can be considered as one of the strategies to reduce waste and thus to maintain human health and the environment.
 

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