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Showing 8 results for Salehi
Study on the Quality and Comparing of the Compost Produced by Khomain and Tehran Compost Factories
M Farzadkia, S Salehi, A Aameri, A Joneidy Jafari, R Nabizadeh,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (25 2009)
Abstract

Backgrounds  and Objectives:  Over than 70% of solid wastes is consisted of food wastes with high putrecibility in Iran.  Due to this regard, construction of composting factories for sanitary disposal or fertilizer production from solid wastes was very appreciated in our country. The objective of this research was to study on the quality and comparing of the compost produced by Khomain and Tehran compost factories.
Materials and Methods: This study was accomplished on the compost produce from Khomain and Tehran compost factories about 9 months. For investigation of chemical qualities of these materials, some indexes such as percentage of organic materials, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and heavy metals consists of lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium were measured. Microbial quality of these compost materials were defined by assessing of the amounts of coliforms bacteria, salmonella bacteria and parasites ova.
Results: The average amounts of some indexes in compost of Khomain and Tehran were been: organic materials % (37.77, 29.80), carbon %( 22.14, 18.12), nitrogen% (2.08, 1.6), lead (229.6, 59.44 ppm), and chromium (70.2, 19.75), respectively. The microbial quality of these compost samples were agreement with class B of USEPA guidelines.
Conclusion: This study showed that quality of organic materials percent in Tehran's samples was better than Khomain's samples, but these indexes on these samples were lower than the grade No.2 of compost. The percentage of carbon, nitrogen and potash in these samples were desirable but, phosphorus amount were not in sufficient. The heavy metals especially lead and chromium in Tehran's samples were higher than Khomain's samples, but these samples were usually in agreement with guidelines of compost. Due to the defined microbial qualities, these samples could be used as well as amendment agents for poor soil.


Evaluation of the Relationship Between Global Ultraviolet Indea in Different Regions of Iran with Skin Cancer in 1383
R Nabizadeh, Sh Salehi, M Younesian, K Naddafi,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (9 2010)
Abstract

Backgrounds and Objectives:Skin cancer is the most frequent malignancy in Iran. Exposure to the excessive ultraviolet radiation is an important factor in creating skin tumors. The purpose of this study is to determine how the ultraviolet index has been distributed in all townships throughout the country, to determine different kinds of skin cancer and to evaluate a geographical distribution of skin cancers with regard to the UV geographical distribution.
Materials and Methods: This study is ecologic, descriptive and analytical in nature. A total number of 6921 skin cancer cases registered at the Center for Disease Control of Iran in 2004 were thoroughly analyzed and UV data were collected from the world wide web. With the help of ArcGIS software and SPSS, the statistical analysis was done.
Results:The incidence rates were 10.13 for the total skin cancer, 7.53 for basal cell carcinoma, 1.79 for squamous cell carcinoma and 0.39 for malignant melanoma per 100000 population of Iran. The mean ultraviolet index differed from 9 in July to 3 in January. The correlation between the skin cancer incidence at the level of districts and ultraviolet index was not significantly observed.
Conclusion:Skin cancer is a public health problem in Iran. Further research in this regard would lead to skin cancer registration improvement and more understanding of different climatic, cultural and behavioral factors in developing skin tumors. With this knowledge the possibility of more effective prevention of the most prevalent cancer in Iran can be created.


Survey of Efficiency of Electrochemical Treatment in Cyanid Removal from Industrial Wastewatersrs
Z Kheradpisheh, H Movahedian Atar, M Salehii Najafabadi,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (2 2012)
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Cyanide is a highly toxic compound which is Normally found in numerous industries, such as electroplating wastewater. Release of this compounds in to the Enviroment has a lot health hazards.The Purpose of this study is to Determine the efficiency of electrochemical oxidation method for Cyanide removal from industrial wastewaters

Materials and Methods: This study conducted in a pilot system experimentally .In this study the effect of pH, voltage and operation time on total cyanide removal from industrial wastewaters by Electrochemical Oxidation was investigated by applying a Stainless Steel as a Anode and copper as a cathode .

Results: The average percentage removal of cyanide was about 88 with SD=2.43. The optimal condition obtained at voltage of 9V and pH=13 and The operation time of 90 minutes.The volume of sludge which formed in this condition was  about 20 percent of a one liter pilot reactor.

Conclusion: the results statistically confirmed the significant relationship between

input and cyanide concentration removal efficiency (p< 0.05), and confirmed  The this confirmed The  relation between cyanide & cyanat oxidation and hydroxyl ions consumption 1:2.( L.Szpyruowicz). therefore the best pH is 12.5-13.5 by Considering the need  of alkaline environment to remove cyanide.

Lead and Cadmium Concentration in Agricultural Crops (Lettuce, Cabbage, Beetroot, and Onion) of Isfahan Province, Iran
R Mohajer, Mh Salehi, J Mohammadi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (7-2014)
Abstract

Background and Objective: The contamination of agricultural crops with heavy metals due to soil and atmospheric contamination is a potential threat for their quality and their safety. Heavy metals such as Cd and Pb have been reported for their carcinogenic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the lead and cadmium concentration in some of crops grown in Isfahan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: During two seasons (spring and summer), 80 samples of four different crops (20 samples from each crop) were randomly harvested from some of the agricultural lands of Isfahan province. After sample preparation, lead and cadmium contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The average concentration of Pb and Cd were different in different crops. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between mean concentration of lead in beetroot with onion and also cabbage whereas no significant difference was observed for lead between beetroot and lettuce (p>0.05). Means comparison showed a significant difference for cadmium between beetroot and cabbage and also beetroot and onion (p<0.001). Results showed that the concentration of Pb and Cd in most of the samples was higher than the standard limits reported by Iran (maximum tolerance of heavy metal in lettuce, cabbage, rootbeet and onion is 0.2, 0.3, 0.1, and 0.1 for lead and 0.1, 0.05, 0.05 and 0.05 UNIT for cadmium respectively) and FAO-WHO. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that although most of the sampling plants were contaminated with lead and cadmium, the estimated daily intake of each metal (EDI) showed that except lead in lettuce, other crops have EDI below the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) recommended by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. In order to better management, preventing pollution and also finding the origin of elements, analyzing heavy metals content in soil, water, and dust of this region is recommended.


A Study on the Impact of Vegetation and Green Roof on Increasing the Wind Speed and Pollutants Dispersion in the Urban Canyons Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Model
Sh Hosseini, A Salehi, E Shokry,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Increasing population growth and construction of high-rise buildings have doubled the amount of environmental pollution in the cities. Moreover, people use the open urban spaces more than before in order to meet their ecological needs. Accordingly, some parameters such as various vegetation and continuous winds streams can be considerably influential in transmittance of the particle pollution.  Therefore, the aim of this research was to study the impacts of different green roofs on the dispersion of pollutants in the standpoint of height and density for urban airflow condition of Shiraz City, Iran.

Materials and Methods: In this study, a literature review in the field computer simulation with the help of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in Envi-met software environment was used.

Results: Regarding the importance of using vegetation in the urban spaces, vertical dispersion of the particles in presence of vegetation was explored. By comparing the basic model (without vegetation) results with models including vegetation with short, medium and high crowns, it was revealed that vegetation with medium crowns is the closest model to the basic model with a difference of 7.65 m2/s in terms of vertical dispersion of particles; in fact, it was the most optimized condition for maximizing the dispersion of environmental pollutants.

Conclusion: The results showed that the green roofs in the buildings increase the horizontal dispersion of the particulate pollution and decrease this term in the vertical dispersion. Finally, by an expansion of green roof usage in the buildings the sustainability in architecture and urbanism can be achieved.


An Investigation on Feasibility of Composting of Yazd WWT Dewatered Sludge with Windrow Method Using Different Treatments
M Mokhtari, A Salehi Vaziri, T Zareyi, M Jalili,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2017)
Abstract

Background and Objective: Dewatered sewage sludge is a by-product of wastewater treatment process which can cause health and environmental problems if not properly managed. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of composting of Yazd WWT dewatered sludge with windrow method using different treatments.

Materials and Methods: In this study, the dewatered sewage sludge was mixed with two treatments of agricultural wastes (straw) and green waste (leaves), respectively. The mixture was done based on weight ratio of 20:1 and 10:1 (agricultural waste: dewatered sludge, and green waste: dewatered sludge) to achieve a ratio of C/N:20. The windrows were built with a length of 2 m, width of 75 cm and height of 1.5 m. Composting process was controlled by measuring the temperature, humidity, volatile solids, ash, pH, EC, organic carbon and estimating the C/N ratio. The results were compared with those of the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran.

Results: After 100 days of composting, C/N ratio was 13.08±6.25 in the treatment with green waste and reached to 15.46±5.35 in the treatment with agricultural waste. The amount of volatile solids decreased to 19.8±14.01% and 20.71±16.06% in the treatments with green waste and agricultural waste, respectively. The amount of EC had an increasing trend in both treatments.

Conclusion: composting with both treatments was led to an improvement in indicators of organic fertilizers in dewatered sewage. However, the windrow containing green waste reached to the mature compost standards sooner than the windrow containing agricultural waste.


Assessment of pollution level, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk of heavy metals on human health in surface soils of Arak industrial areas, Iran
Abbas Taati, Mohammad Hasan Salehi, Jahangard Mohammadi, Reza Mohajer,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (8-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Heavy metal contamination of surface soils has become a serious concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential risk of heavy metal (loid) pollution on human health in the surface soils of Arak industrial areas, the capital of Markazi province in western Iran.
Materials and Methods: 235 surface soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-5 cm. Concentrations of lead, cadmium, nickel, zinc, copper and arsenic were determined by digestion with nitric acid (4 N). The level of soil pollution in the region was measured using geo- accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF). The model proposed by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) was used to assess the health risks of heavy metals.
Results: The Mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Ni, and Zn were 37.88, 1.17, 151.78, 13.48, 92.98 and 104.04 mg/kg, respectively. The calculated enrichment factor values ​​for soil samples varied from deficiency to significant enrichment. The mean geo-accumulation index (Igeo) for Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn and arsenic were 0.37, 1.59, -2.53, -0.48, -0.63 and 2.9, respectively. The results of the health risk assessment showed that hazard quotient (HQ) for children and adults through the ingestion route was higher than dermal contact and inhalation pathway. The Hazard index values for all studied metals were lower than the safe level of 1 except for As. Arsenic showed the highest risk of carcinogenicity (CR) for children (2.37 x 10-4) through ingestion.
Conclusion: The carcinogenic risk (CR) of As in children and adults is higher than the safe limit of 1 × 10-4, which indicates an unacceptable risk.

Awareness and attitude of environmental health engineering students of Shiraz university of medical sciences toward their field of study and future career
Saeed Rajabi, Nasim Salehi, Hassan Hashemi, Faezeh Mobasheri,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Understanding the area of study stimulates the student. Therefore, students should pick their field of study with more information so that they get more engaged in it to complete the responsibilities assigned in the future as well as possible. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the attitude of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences environmental health students regarding their field of study and potential future careers.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive research study on medical education. In this study, 120 students studying environmental health engineering at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences had their attitudes and knowledge assessed using a questionnaire created by the University of Minnesota, America, and the results were then analyzed using chi-square and t-tests.
Results: According to the research's findings, more than 80% of students chose their field of study without having any prior knowledge of it, more than 90% did not place it among their top priorities, and 80% claimed that their field of study depended on whether or not their employment position is acceptable.
Conclusion: According to the data, the majority of students had an unfavorable perception about entering this field. As a result, it is necessary to thoroughly present this discipline to students before they begin studying it, as well as to update its subject headings to better meet societal demands.

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