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Evaluation of photocatalytic removal of styrene from air flow using ZnO nanoparticles immobilized on ZSM-5 zeolite
H Irvani, H Shojaee - Farah Abady, M Shahryari, M Nakhaei Pour,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Styrene monomer is a volatile organic compound that is used in the various industries. Due to the hazardous effects of this chemical substance on the environment and humans, control and elimination of this vapour is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study was to remove the styrene vapors from air flow using photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide immobilized on ZSM-5 zeolite.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the fabricated catalysts were characterized using analysis of BET, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dynamic Concentrator System were used to generate styrene vapors at a certain concentration and flow, and then removal efficiency of the styrene vapors was investigated using UV/ZnO and UV/ZSM-5/ZnO.
Results: The results of XRD analysis and SEM images showed that produced zinc oxide had nano dimensions. In addition, these nanoparticles was successfully stabilized on ZSM-5 zeolite. The results of the photocatalytic removal showed that ZnO and ZSM-5/ZnO catalysts at the concentrations of 50 ppm eliminated the styrene vapor 14% and 37%, respectively.
Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that stabilization of zinc oxide nanoparticles on ZSM-5 zeolite had an ssynergistic effect on the photocatalytic degradation of styrene. According to this finding, the use of adsorption-photocatalyst hybrid systems can be an appropriate technique to remove styrene vapors and other similar pollutants.
 
Effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized by bioreduction method on gill antioxidant defense system response of common carp, Cyprinus carpio
S Bita, M Mesbah, A Shahryari, M Ghorbanpoor Najafabadi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2017)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Nanoparticles are already widely used in technology, medicine and consumer products, but there are limited data on their effects on the aquatic environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of antioxidant defense system in common carp gills exposed to silver nanoparticles, which are produced by bioreduction method.
Materials and Methods: Common carp fish were exposed to the silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 0.11, 1.13 and 5.67 mg/L for 14 days. A treatment without silver was considered as a control. After sampling, 1 g of gill was weighed and homogenized in 5 mL phosphate buffer. The homogenized samples were analyzed for measuring the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA).
Results: CAT activity in gill at the concentrations of 1.13 and 5.67 mg/L AgNPs was significantly reduced compared to that of the control (p<0.05). When the activities of GSH and TAC of different treatments and the control were compared, no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed. Activity of SOD and MDA of all treatments sampled at different days was fluctuated, that is, it was either increased or decreased. However, superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher in exposure to concentrations of 5.67 mg/L and 1.13 mg/L.
Conclusion: According to the results, fish gills are one of the most susceptible organs of oxidative damage in exposure to silver nanoparticles. This can affect the health of common carp and thus increase the risk of disease in the fish.
 
Evaluation of the implementation of the nosocomial infection control program in the emergency department of teaching hospitals of Gorgan, Iran
Mehrnaz Asghari Mahforujaki, Ailar Jamalli, Saeed Golfiroozi, Ali Shahryari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: In hospitals, the emergency department is a complex healthcare environment, and it is necessary to attention to nosocomial infections. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of nosocomial infection program in the emergency department.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in hospitals of Gorgan, Iran, in 2022, using the WHO checklist with 96 questions in 9 section staff; patients, environment, equipment, drug, prevention of infections wound, urinary, respiratory, and blood. Data were collected via observation and interviews. A checklist containing 45 questions was used to determine the impact of staff awareness on the infection control program, in 4 sections oftheoretical knowledge, performing procedures, immunization, and environmental hygiene.
Results: The results show that 82.46% of the infection control program was satisfactory. The percentage of scores for different sections of nosocomial infection program including staff, patients, environment, equipment, drug, infection prevention of wound, urinary, respiratory and blood  was 79.31, 77.78,  81.25,  83.34, 100, 44.34, 75.00, 87.88 and 100, respectively. Moreover, the percentage awareness score for emergency medicine specialists, general practitioners, medical interns, and nurses was 100, 95.83, 87.5, and 79.92, respectively.
Conclusion: The implementation quality of the infection control program was acceptable and satisfactory. However, some factors were lower than the desired level, which could be dangerous for medical staff, patients, and visitors. The medical staff believed that the support of the senior managers of the University was essential for the implementation of an infection control program, and also holding training courses, and accelerating data sharing.
 

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