Showing 9 results for Sharifi
Mohmmad Reza Massoudinejad, Hajar Sharifi, Ashraf Mazaheri Tehrani,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (21 2012)
Abstract
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
Background and Objectives: The presence of chemical dyes in the water resources not
only pollutes them, but also brings about death of organisms and serious
indemnities to the environment through stopping oxygen production and preventing
penetration of the sunlight. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of
the electrolysis process for decolonization of phenolphthalein and phenol red
from aqueous environment.
Materials and Methods: The experiments were conducted in an electrochemical reactor having a working
volume of 1 liter equipped with 2 graphite electrodes. This study was conducted
at laboratory scale. Samples were prepared by dissolving two phenol red and
phenolphthalein dyes in drinking water. Then, the effect of operating
parameters such as voltage, inter-electrode distance, and NaCl concentration on
the complete dye removal was determined considering optimum retention time
using Factorial variance analyses and
the graphs were plotted using MS Excel software.
Results: the results
showed that the optimum conditions for completely removal of phenolphthalein
was achieved applying a voltage of 48 V, the retention time of 9 minutes, 5 cm
inter-electrode distance, and the salt concentration of 1.5 g/l, whereas,
complete removal of phenol red was achieved applying a voltage of 48 V, the
retention time of 8 minutes, 5 cm inter-electrode distance, and the salt
concentration of 2 g/l. Under these conditions, COD removal efficiency for
phenol red and phenolphthalein was 85 and 80 percent respectively.
Conclusion: This study
revealed that electrolysis process is an effective method to remove both
phenolphthalein and phenol red dyes from effluent, because it can completely
remove the dyes in a short time.
S Nasrollahi-Sarvaghaji, R Alimardani, M Sharifi, Mr Taghizadeh Yazdi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The continuous increase in solid waste generation worldwide due to population growth and industrialization, calls for management strategies that integrate concerns for environmental sustainability. By quantifying environmental impacts of systems, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool which can contribute to answering that call. The aim of this study was to evaluate environmental pollutants resulting from various treatment options including anaerobic digestion, incineration, and landfill of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated daily in Tehran.
Materials and Methods: First, the physical properties of the waste and consumption of inputs in the study area were determined from September to October, 2014- 2015. Then the different steps of LCA in relation to each of the subsystems were followed (with SimaPro software). Finally, the results based on the CML Baseline 2000 were presented and analyzed.
Results: It was found that when the higher rate of separation and processing in any subsystems increases, the emission of environmental pollutants decreases, so that the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, and abiotic depletion as the most important impact categories in the subsystems of anaerobic digestion were obtained as -125935 kg CO2/day, -449 kg SO2/day, -1690 kg PO43-/day and -0.43 kg Sb/day, respectively and in incineration were obtained as -264872 kg CO2/day, -974 kg SO2/day, -3471 kg PO43-/day and -0.76 kg Sb/day, respectively, while in the landfill subsystem, they were estimated to be 74478 kg CO2/day, 362 kg SO2/day, 118 kg PO43-/day, and 0.13 kg Sb/day, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the constituent processes of each of the subsystems and the results of the evaluation of exhaust emissions subsystems, it can be concluded that in an integrated system of waste management, the energy-generating systems such as anaerobic digestion and incineration should be as the first priority and the traditional subsystems such as landfill should be as the last priority.
A Atamaleki, N Naimi, Y Fakhri, H Sharifi Maleksari, H Nosrati, S Fallah,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (2-2020)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Nowadays, water shortage crisis leads to wastewater reuse in agriculture sector. The presence of pollutants such as heavy metal in wastewater results in the accumulation of them in vegetables, and it will finally be transferred to consumers and will have irreversible effects on their health. Therefore, the present study was performed to do a systematic review along with meta-analysis on heavy metal accumulation in mint plant that is irrigated with wastewater.
Materials and Methods: Related articles were collected from databases like SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, IranDoc, Embase, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar between 1982 and 2019 and the required data were extracted. Then, due to the heterogeneity of studies entered in the research, a random effect model was applied to analyze them using STATA 14 software. Non-carcinogenic risk was assessed for children and adults.
Results: According to the search results, 1693 articles were entered in the review process until the beginning of 2019 and finally only 12 articles were included in the research. According to the results of the meta-analysis, the order of the metals based on concentration (mg/kg) were: Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Pb > Cd. Also, based on the non-carcinogenic risk assessment results, mint consumption showed a significant health effects on children age group compared to adults, especially in India and Pakistan.
Conclusion: wastewater reuse in agriculture sector leads to increase concentration of metals in vegetables like mint. This increased the risk of non-carcinogenicity in the age groups, especially children. Therefore, it is recommended that continuous monitoring of irrigation sources, soils, and vegetables is done to prevent the transmission of these pollutants to the human food cycle.
Hamze Sharifi, Hossein Movahedian Attar,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Recently, microplastics (MPs) have been found in the aquatic and terrestrial environments, air, and food. Other pollutants can be transported by MPs and pose a threat to the human, animal, and environment. Measurement and evaluation of microplastics can either increase knowledge about them or boost understanding of their possible harmful effects. However, no standard method has been established to measure microplastics and the measurement of microplastics has been done by various methods in different published studies. The aim of current study was to investigate different methods of measuring microplastics in water and wastewater environment and identifying the strengths and weaknesses of these methods.
Materials and Methods: The present review study was conducted during the winter 2021, by searching the papers cited in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the keywords "Microplastic", "Water", "Drinking-water", "Wastewater", "Surface", "Bottled-water" and "Marine" and selecting articles published between 2015 and 2021 in reputable journals.
Results: The main stages of MPs measuring in various studies included sampling and sieving, pretreatment and digestion, density separation, counting and Identification of MPs by their chemical composition.
Conclusion: Digestion using H2O2, density separation using NaCl, counting by stereomicroscope, and Spectroscopy using FTIR and micro-RAMAN are the most widely used methods in the studies related to detecting MPs in water and wastewater environment. However, different methods of measuring and identifying microplastics have made comparing the results of studies difficult and it seems that efforts should be made to standardize these methods.
Moslem Daliri, Gholamali Javdan, Moslem Sharifinia,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: As pharmaceutically active compounds (particularly antibiotics) are known emerging contaminants (EC), their occurrence in the environment has high health risks for the living organisms and the public. The effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the most important source of residues of these compounds in the environment. The urban wastewater of Bandar Abbas is discharged into the marine environment of the Persian Gulf at the rate of 500 to 700 L/s, which could be a potential source of pharmaceutical contamination for the marine ecosystem.
Materials and Methods: In this research, two main wastewater discharge stations at Gursuzan and Suru were sampled during three phases between December 2020 to February 2021. The concentration of Erythromycin residues, as the first antibiotic clinically used to treat human infections, was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
Results: Data analysis showed that mean (± 95% CI) concentration of Erythromycin in Suru and Gorsuzan stations were 16 ± 1.53 and 19 ± 5.86 μg/L, respectively; which their differences did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Pooled data also indicated that the wastewater discharge contained 13.2 to 23.50 μg/L of Erythromycin (α=0.05). Considering the discharge of high volume of Bandar Abbas wastewater effluent into the Persian Gulf (500-700 L/s) as well as the data obtained from this study, the results of the simulation model showed that 5184×104 L Bandar Abbas municipal wastewater is discharged into the Persian Gulf marine ecosystem daily. This volume contains 0.877×103-1.02×103 g active residues of Erythromycin antibiotic (α=0.05).
Conclusion: The present study is the first report of contamination of residues of medicinal compounds into the Marine Environment of the Persian Gulf by urban wastewater. Regarding the high volume of wastewater discharged, which calls for immediate actions to be taken.
Mahdieh Jafari, Abolfazl Naji, Moslem Sharifinia, Moslem Daliri,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Microplastics enter the food chain of aquatic animals; they cause damage to the digestive system, disruption of the reproductive cycle, and finally their death. The present study was conducted to investigate the microplastic pollution in the digestive system of Vanami shrimps cultivated in some shrimp farms in Bushehr, Khuzestan, and Hormozgan provinces.
Materials and Methods: Sampling was done from two shrimp farms in each port including Bandar Rig in Bushehr province, Bandar Choebdeh in Khuzestan province, and South Tiab located in Hormozgan province. 90 shrimp samples were randomly collected from each breeding farm from June to October 2019. The identification method of microplastics was done by FT-IR spectrophotometer.
Results: The highest frequency of microplastics related to farmed shrimps was 41.11% in the fields of Khuzestan province, and a lower amount of microplastic pollution was observed in Hormozgan and Bushehr provinces with 28.88% and 17.70%, respectively. According to one-way ANOVA, the mean of microplastics in the digestive tract of shrimp had a significant difference in the studied stations (p<0.05). The most type and colors of microplastics in the digestive system of shrimps in the farms of all provinces belonged to fiber and black color. Polypropylene and polystyrene were detected in microplastics found in the digestive system of shrimps.
Conclusion: Microplastics were observed in some of digestive tracts of the shrimps of the breeding farms examined in this research in all three provinces of Bushehr, Khuzestan, and Hormozgan. The highest frequency of microplastics in the digestive tract of shrimps is related to the breeding farms of Khuzestan province, and Hormozgan and Bushehr respectively have a lower amount.
Gholamali Sharifiarab, Mohammad Ahmadi, Nabi Shariatifar, Peiman Ariaii,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are compounds with high carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. This study aims to investigate the amount of 16 of these compounds in different types of canned fish.
Materials and Methods: In this research, first, multi-walled carbon nanotubes were magnetized by the MSPE method, and then the synthesized composite was used to extract PAHs from the matrix of canned fish samples. Finally, the concentration of each of these compounds was measured by GC-MS.
Results: The results of this research showed that the highest average amount of total PAHs and PAH4 were 20.22±5.29 and 6.07±1.41 μg/kg, respectively. Also, the highest average amount of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) found in all samples was 1.34±0.41 μg/kg, which was lower than the existing standards (EU standard for BaP in fish is 2 μg/kg). The amount of these compounds in different types of canned fish were as follows: canned in olive oil > canned with dill > simple canned fish > canned in salt water. And finally, the amount of these compounds in brand A was higher than in other brands.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research and since the total average of each of these compounds is lower than the existing standards in different types of canned fish, it can be said that there is no danger to the consumers.
Atiyeh Sharifi, Moslem Daliri, Mohammad Niroumand, S. Ali Reza Sobhani, Moslem Sharifinia,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Occurrence of the pharmaceutical active residues (particularly antibiotics) threatens the health of the environment and human society. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the impacts of the Amoxicillin (AMX) residues on resistance to environmental stress and biochemical compositions of the body in Penaeus vannamei.
Materials and Methods: Six-hundred specimens with a mean (±SD) weight and total length of 9.23±1.77 g and 9.28±0.73 cm were randomly experimented in four triplicate treatments, namely T1(control): without AMX residues in a rearing environment, T2: 100 μg/L AMX residues concentration in water, T3: 300 μg/L and T4: 500 μg/L for 60 days. At the end of the experimental trial, five specimens for biochemical body composition analyses were separately sampled. Ten shrimps from each treatment were also randomly selected and exposed to 50 ppt salinity stress for 48 hours, and then survival rates were computed.
Results: Body composition analyses showed that moisture and protein not differed among the treatments (p>0.05), while fat in T2 (28.29±5.50) was significantly more than in others (p<0.05). The lowest values of ash were obtained in T1 and T4, and they differed with T2 and T3 (p<0.05). The highest survival rate of shrimps exposed to salinity stress (50 ppt in 48 h) was observed in T2 and T3, in contrast, the lowest value was recorded for T4 (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Findings of the present research indicate that the occurrence of high doses of AMX residues pollution in the rearing water affects the stress resistance of P. vannamei which can be due to disruption of protein and fat metabolisms in the shrimp body.
Saeed Hoseini Majd, Seyed-Ahmad Shahidi, Nabi Shariatifar, Mohammad Ahmadi, Mahdi Sharifi Soltani,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Healthy food consists of beneficial components for health consumer and is free of harmful substances. Acrylamide (2-propenamide), a known carcinogen, is one such harmful substance. Foods like wafers and crackers can become contaminated with acrylamide during the cooking process. The aim of the present study was to measure acrylamide formation in crackers and wafers.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 64 wafer and cracker samples were prepared (in duplicate), and evaluated for acrylamide content using a GC-MS device.
Results: According to the results, the mean ± SD (minimum-maximum) acrylamide concentration in the samples was 2.648 ± 1.814 (0.132-4.505) mg/kg. The mean ± SD (minimum-maximum) concentration of acrylamide in wafer samples was 3.369 ± 1.735 (0.320-4.505) mg/kg, while in cracker samples, it was 1.446 ± 1.161 (0.132-2.955) mg/kg (p =0.001). Cocoa wafer with cocoa cream had the highest level of contamination among wafers (4.505 ± 0.73 mg/kg), and crispy salty cracker had the highest level of contamination among cracker samples (2.955 ± 0.63 mg/kg).
Conclusion: Since the average concentration of acrylamide exceeded European Union standards, further studies are warranted. Additionally, regulatory standards should be established in Iran to ensure factories adhere to stricter guidelines in this area.
